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<sup>(mul)</sup>''Ṣallummû'' (𒀯𒉌𒈝𒈬𒌑) is an ancient Mesopotamian term for transient phenomena.
<sup>(mul)</sup>''Ṣallummû'' (𒀯𒉌𒈝𒈬𒌑) is an ancient Mesopotamian term for transient phenomena.


==Concordance, Etymology, History==
==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
Standard term for comets, bolides, meteors, shooting stars, auroras of obscure nature [AHw<ref>''von Soden, W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 1077b; CAD<ref name=":0">''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago and Glückstadt, 1956 - 2010</ref> Ṣ, 74ff.; Chadwick 1993<ref>''Chadwick R.'' Identifying Comets and Meteors in Celestial Observation Literature / Die Rolle der Astronomie in der Kulturen Mesopotamiens. Graz, 1993.</ref>, 170ff.].
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
Standard term for comets, bolides, meteors, shooting stars, auroras of obscure nature [AHw, 1077b; CAD Ṣ, 74ff.; Chadwick 1993, 170ff.].
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|'''EAE.'''
|'''EAE.'''
See. [AAT<ref>''Craig J.A.'' Astrological-astronomical Texts. Leipzig, 1899.</ref>, 42 r. 17; ACh Ištar<ref name=":1">''Ch. Virolleaud'', L'astrologie chaldéenne S(in); Shamasz; Isht(ar); Adad; S/Supp. = Supplément; SS / 2.Supp. = Second Supplément (Paris 1905 - 1912)</ref>, 20:79; Largement 1957<ref>''Largement R.'' Contribution à l’Etude des Astres errants dans l’Astrologie chaldéenne // ZA 18, 235-264.</ref>, 248:69].
See. [AAT, 42 r. 17; ACh Ištar, 20:79; Largement 1957, 248:69].
|Example
|Example
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* (5) ''ṣal-lum-mu-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> = ''zi-im'' mul "Ṣallummû = radiance of the star";
* (5) ''ṣal-lum-mu-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> = ''zi-im'' mul "Ṣallummû = radiance of the star";
* (6) ''ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> = ''ša''<sub>2</sub>-''lum-ma-tum'' "Ṣallummû = radiance";
* (6) ''ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> = ''ša''<sub>2</sub>-''lum-ma-tum'' "Ṣallummû = radiance";
* (7) ''ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> = ''me-lam-mu'' "Ṣallummû = radiance (of a deity)" [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:174-182]. See also: mul ''ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' AN.MI <sup>d</sup>''Sin'' [Rochberg-Halton 1984, 135: rev. 18].
* (7) ''ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> = ''me-lam-mu'' "Ṣallummû = radiance (of a deity)" [Mesop.Astrol.<ref>''Koch-Westenholz U''. Mesopotamian Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.</ref>, App. B:174-182]. See also: mul ''ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' AN.MI <sup>d</sup>''Sin'' [Rochberg-Halton 1984<ref>''Rochberg-Halton F.'' New Evidence for the History of Astrology // JNES. 1984. Vol. 43, № 2. P. 115-140.</ref>, 135: rev. 18].
Namburbi ritual.
Namburbi ritual.


* ''ina lumun'' MUL x-''li mi-iš-ḫi ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''ša ina ḫarrān šūt'' <sup>d</sup>''Anim innamru ana ḫarrān šūt'' <sup>d</sup>''Enlil i''[''ll'']''ikuma irbû'' "Against the evil (foreshadowed by) the star x-li. mišḫu comet, which became visible in the path of Anu, mo[v]ed into the path of Enlil and went in," quoted. from [CAD Ṣ, 75a], see also [CT 41, 23:10-12; Ebeling 1954, 12-13; Chadwick 1993, 180].
* ''ina lumun'' MUL x-''li mi-iš-ḫi ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''ša ina ḫarrān šūt'' <sup>d</sup>''Anim innamru ana ḫarrān šūt'' <sup>d</sup>''Enlil i''[''ll'']''ikuma irbû'' "Against the evil (foreshadowed by) the star x-li. mišḫu comet, which became visible in the path of Anu, mo[v]ed into the path of Enlil and went in," quoted. from [CAD<ref name=":0" /> Ṣ, 75a], see also [CT<ref>''Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.''</ref> 41, 23:10-12; Ebeling 1954<ref>''Ebeling E.'' Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Beschwörungsserie Namburbi // RA 48, № 1, 1-15.</ref>, 12-13; Chadwick 1993<ref>''Chadwick R.'' Identifying Comets and Meteors in Celestial Observation Literature / Die Rolle der Astronomie in der Kulturen Mesopotamiens. Graz, 1993.</ref>, 180].
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|'''"Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts.'''
|'''"Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts.'''
* ITU BI ''ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' ERIN<sub>2</sub> SU<sub>2</sub> ... "This month, the comet that set in Libra ..." [Sachs-Hunger Diaries III, No.-137 obv. 15]. See also [HCH].
* ITU BI ''ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' ERIN<sub>2</sub> SU<sub>2</sub> ... "This month, the comet that set in Libra ..." [Sachs-Hunger Diaries III<ref>''Sachs A., Hunger H''. Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts from Babylonia. Vol. I: Diaries from 652 B.C. to 262 B.C.; Vol. II: from 261 B.C. to 165 B.C.; Vol. III: Diaries from 164 B.C. to 75 B.C. Vienna, 1988, 1989, 1991.</ref>, No.-137 obv. 15]. See also [HCH<ref>''Hunger H., Stephenson F.R., Walker C.B.F., Yau K.K.C.'' Halley's Comet in History / Ed. by F.R.Stephenson and C.B.F.Walker. L.: British Museum Publ., 1985.</ref>].
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===Additional===
===Additional===


==== II. Astrology. ====
==== Astrology. ====
         (1) ṣallummu and the planet; DIŠ ''ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>UDU.IDIM IGI ''ina'' KUR DU<sub>3</sub>.A.BI ''ina'' MU BI KUR<sub>2</sub> ZI-''ma'' KUR DU<sub>3</sub>.A.BI / ''i-da-aš'' TUR-''ar''<sub>2</sub> KUR<sub>2</sub> BI ''ina'' DUGUD-''šu''<sub>2</sub> ZAḪ<sub>2</sub>-''ma a-na'' KI.GUB-''šu''<sub>2</sub> NU GUR "If the ṣallummû of the planet becomes visible: the enemy will be attacking all over the country, (however) the whole country will reduce the enemy’s strength, (and) the enemy will lose its might, and will not return to its place" [ACh Ištar, 20:79-80; AAT, 42 r. 17; TU, 16 r. 8; Largement 1957, 248:69].
         (1) ṣallummu and the planet; DIŠ ''ṣal-lum-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>UDU.IDIM IGI ''ina'' KUR DU<sub>3</sub>.A.BI ''ina'' MU BI KUR<sub>2</sub> ZI-''ma'' KUR DU<sub>3</sub>.A.BI / ''i-da-aš'' TUR-''ar''<sub>2</sub> KUR<sub>2</sub> BI ''ina'' DUGUD-''šu''<sub>2</sub> ZAḪ<sub>2</sub>-''ma a-na'' KI.GUB-''šu''<sub>2</sub> NU GUR "If the ṣallummû of the planet becomes visible: the enemy will be attacking all over the country, (however) the whole country will reduce the enemy’s strength, (and) the enemy will lose its might, and will not return to its place" [ACh Ištar<ref name=":1" />, 20:79-80; AAT<ref>''Craig J.A.'' Astrological-astronomical Texts. Leipzig, 1899.</ref>, 42 r. 17; TU<ref>''Thureau-Dangin F''. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).</ref>, 16 r. 8; Largement 1957<ref>''Largement R.'' Contribution à l’Etude des Astres errants dans l’Astrologie chaldéenne // ZA 18, 235-264.</ref>, 248:69].


         (2) Comet and Field; see (Kurtik a48) [[AŠ.GAN|AŠ.GAN<sub>2</sub>]], VI 8.
         (2) Comet and Field; see (Kurtik a48) [[AŠ.GAN|AŠ.GAN<sub>2</sub>]], VI 8.

Latest revision as of 17:21, 8 January 2026


(mul)Ṣallummû (𒀯𒉌𒈝𒈬𒌑) is an ancient Mesopotamian term for transient phenomena.

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

Standard term for comets, bolides, meteors, shooting stars, auroras of obscure nature [AHw[2], 1077b; CAD[3] Ṣ, 74ff.; Chadwick 1993[4], 170ff.].

Sources Identifications
EAE.

See. [AAT[5], 42 r. 17; ACh Ištar[6], 20:79; Largement 1957[7], 248:69].

Example
"Great Star List and Miscellenia."
  • (1) diš ul ša2 ina igi-šu2 ṣip-ru ina egir-šu2 kun gar-nu / igi-ma an-e zalag2-ir ki-ma ṣal-lum-mu-u2 / ki-ma me-šiḫ mul.meš "If a star, which has a mane in front and a tail behind, appears and lights up the sky like a meteor, (i.e.) like a flash of stars";
  • (2) ṣal-lum-mu-u2 = meš-ḫu ša2 mul ki-šu2 ia-aʼ-nu "Ṣallummû = shining without a star";
  • (3) ṣal-lum-mu-u2 = mi-šiḫ mul.meš "Ṣallummû = the shining of the stars";
  • (4) ṣal-lum-mu-mu-u2 = ṣa-ra-ar2 mul.meš "Ṣallummû = (strong) brilliance of the stars";
  • (5) ṣal-lum-mu-mu-u2 = zi-im mul "Ṣallummû = radiance of the star";
  • (6) ṣal-lum-mu-u2 = ša2-lum-ma-tum "Ṣallummû = radiance";
  • (7) ṣal-lum-mu-u2 = me-lam-mu "Ṣallummû = radiance (of a deity)" [Mesop.Astrol.[8], App. B:174-182]. See also: mul ṣal-lum-mu-u2 ina AN.MI dSin [Rochberg-Halton 1984[9], 135: rev. 18].

Namburbi ritual.

  • ina lumun MUL x-li mi-iš-ḫi ṣal-lum-mu-u2 ša ina ḫarrān šūt dAnim innamru ana ḫarrān šūt dEnlil i[ll]ikuma irbû "Against the evil (foreshadowed by) the star x-li. mišḫu comet, which became visible in the path of Anu, mo[v]ed into the path of Enlil and went in," quoted. from [CAD[3] Ṣ, 75a], see also [CT[10] 41, 23:10-12; Ebeling 1954[11], 12-13; Chadwick 1993[12], 180].
"Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts.
  • ITU BI ṣal-lum-mu-u2 ša2 ina ERIN2 SU2 ... "This month, the comet that set in Libra ..." [Sachs-Hunger Diaries III[13], No.-137 obv. 15]. See also [HCH[14]].

Additional

Astrology.

         (1) ṣallummu and the planet; DIŠ ṣal-lum-mu-u2 ša2 mulUDU.IDIM IGI ina KUR DU3.A.BI ina MU BI KUR2 ZI-ma KUR DU3.A.BI / i-da-aš TUR-ar2 KUR2 BI ina DUGUD-šu2 ZAḪ2-ma a-na KI.GUB-šu2 NU GUR "If the ṣallummû of the planet becomes visible: the enemy will be attacking all over the country, (however) the whole country will reduce the enemy’s strength, (and) the enemy will lose its might, and will not return to its place" [ACh Ištar[6], 20:79-80; AAT[15], 42 r. 17; TU[16], 16 r. 8; Largement 1957[17], 248:69].

         (2) Comet and Field; see (Kurtik a48) AŠ.GAN2, VI 8.

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, ts03) Gössmann (1950)
стандартный термин для обозначения комет, болидов, метеоров, падающих звезд, сияние неясной природы [AHw, 1077b; CAD Ṣ, 74ff.; Chadwick 1993, 170ff.].

I. Источники.

ЕАЕ. См. [AAT, 42 r. 17; ACh Ištar, 20:79; Largement 1957, 248:69]. «Большой список звезд». (1) diš ul ša2 ina igi-šu2 ṣip-ru ina egir-šu2 kun gar-nu / igi-ma an-e zalag2-ir ki-ma ṣal-lum-mu-u2 / ki-ma me-šiḫ mul.meš «Если звезда, у которой впереди грива и позади хвост, появляется и освещает небо подобно метеору, (т.е.) подобно вспышке звезд»; (2) ṣal-lum-mu-u2 = meš-ḫu ša2 mul ki-šu2 ia-aʼ-nu «Ṣallummû = сияние без звезды»; (3) ṣal-lum-mu-u2 = mi-šiḫ mul.meš «Ṣallummû = сияние звезд»; (4) ṣal-lum-mu-u2 = ṣa-ra-ar2 mul.meš «Ṣallummû =  (сильный) блеск звезд»; (5) ṣal-lum-mu-u2 = zi-im mul «Ṣallummû = сияние звезды»; (6) ṣal-lum-mu-u2 = ša2-lum-ma-tum «Ṣallummû = излучение»; (7) ṣal-lum-mu-u2 = me-lam-mu «Ṣallummû = сияние (божества)» [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:174–182]. См. также: mul ṣal-lum-mu-u2 ina AN.MI dSin [Rochberg-Halton 1984, 135: rev. 18]. Ритуал намбурби. ina lumun MUL x-li mi-iš-ḫi ṣal-lum-mu-u2 ša ina ḫarrān šūt dAnim innamru ana ḫarrān šūt dEnlil i[ll]ikuma irbû «Против зла, (предвещаемого) звездой x-li, mišḫu кометы, которая стала видна на пути Ану, пе[ре]местилась на путь Энлиля и зашла», цит. по [CAD Ṣ, 75a], см. также [CT 41, 23:10–12; Ebeling 1954, 12–13; Chadwick 1993, 180]. «Дневники наблюдений». ITU BI ṣal-lum-mu-u2 ša2 ina ERIN2 SU2 … «В этом месяце комета, которая в Весах зашла …» [Sachs-Hunger Diaries III, No.-137 obv. 15]. См. также [HCH].

II. Астрология.

(1) Цаллумму и планета; DIŠ ṣal-lum-mu-u2 ša2 mulUDU.IDIM IGI ina KUR DU3.A.BI ina MU BI KUR2 ZI-ma KUR DU3.A.BI / i-da-aš TUR-ar2 KUR2 BI ina DUGUD-šu2 ZAḪ2-ma a-na KI.GUB-šu2 NU GUR «Если ṣallummû планеты становится видно: по всей стране в этом году враг атакует, (однако) вся страна силу его уменьшит, (и) враг этот в могуществе своем исчезнет, на место свое не вернется» [ACh Ištar, 20:79–80; AAT, 42 r. 17; TU, 16 r. 8; Largement 1957, 248:69].

(2) Комета и Поле; см. a48AŠ.GAN2, VI 8.

Example

References

  1. ↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
  2. ↑ von Soden, W. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago and Glückstadt, 1956 - 2010
  4. ↑ Chadwick R. Identifying Comets and Meteors in Celestial Observation Literature / Die Rolle der Astronomie in der Kulturen Mesopotamiens. Graz, 1993.
  5. ↑ Craig J.A. Astrological-astronomical Texts. Leipzig, 1899.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Ch. Virolleaud, L'astrologie chaldéenne S(in); Shamasz; Isht(ar); Adad; S/Supp. = Supplément; SS / 2.Supp. = Second Supplément (Paris 1905 - 1912)
  7. ↑ Largement R. Contribution à l’Etude des Astres errants dans l’Astrologie chaldéenne // ZA 18, 235-264.
  8. ↑ Koch-Westenholz U. Mesopotamian Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.
  9. ↑ Rochberg-Halton F. New Evidence for the History of Astrology // JNES. 1984. Vol. 43, № 2. P. 115-140.
  10. ↑ Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.
  11. ↑ Ebeling E. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Beschwörungsserie Namburbi // RA 48, № 1, 1-15.
  12. ↑ Chadwick R. Identifying Comets and Meteors in Celestial Observation Literature / Die Rolle der Astronomie in der Kulturen Mesopotamiens. Graz, 1993.
  13. ↑ Sachs A., Hunger H. Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts from Babylonia. Vol. I: Diaries from 652 B.C. to 262 B.C.; Vol. II: from 261 B.C. to 165 B.C.; Vol. III: Diaries from 164 B.C. to 75 B.C. Vienna, 1988, 1989, 1991.
  14. ↑ Hunger H., Stephenson F.R., Walker C.B.F., Yau K.K.C. Halley's Comet in History / Ed. by F.R.Stephenson and C.B.F.Walker. L.: British Museum Publ., 1985.
  15. ↑ Craig J.A. Astrological-astronomical Texts. Leipzig, 1899.
  16. ↑ Thureau-Dangin F. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).
  17. ↑ Largement R. Contribution à l’Etude des Astres errants dans l’Astrologie chaldéenne // ZA 18, 235-264.
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