GU.LA: Difference between revisions
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[[File:GU.LA+Cap stellarium.jpg|thumb|God Enki/ Ea, The Giant / The Great One, and his companion, the benevolent Goat-Fish; depicted in Stellarium by Jessica Gullberg (2021).]] |
[[File:GU.LA+Cap stellarium.jpg|thumb|God Enki/ Ea, The Giant / The Great One, and his companion, the benevolent Goat-Fish; depicted in Stellarium by Jessica Gullberg (2021).]] |
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<sup>mul</sup>GU.LA is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism in [[Aquarius]]. In late epochs, the abbreviation GU was used for both the constellation and the zodiac sign; this applies to later astronomical, astrological and magical texts [G. 71; Ungnad 1941-44, 257]. |
<sup>mul</sup>GU.LA (𒀯𒄖𒆷), "Great, Giant" is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism in [[Aquarius]] [G. 81]. In late epochs, the abbreviation GU was used for both the constellation and the zodiac sign; this applies to later astronomical, astrological and magical texts [G. 71; Ungnad 1941-44, 257]. |
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==Concordance, Etymology, History== |
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==Dictionary== |
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===Krebernik (2023)=== |
===Krebernik (2023)=== |
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[[File:Ea (Babilonian) - EnKi (Sumerian).jpg|thumb|Detail of The Adda Seal. The figures can be identified as gods by their pointed hats with multiple horns. The figure with streams of water and fish flowing from his shoulders is Ea (Sumerian Enki), god of subterranean waters and of wisdom. Behind him stands Usimu, his two-faced vizier (chief minister); British Museum BM 89115.]] |
[[File:Ea (Babilonian) - EnKi (Sumerian).jpg|thumb|Detail of The Adda Seal. The figures can be identified as gods by their pointed hats with multiple horns. The figure with streams of water and fish flowing from his shoulders is Ea (Sumerian Enki), god of subterranean waters and of wisdom. Behind him stands Usimu, his two-faced vizier (chief minister); British Museum BM 89115.]] |
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= ''rabû'' (?) “great (man)” (?). This constellation is identified with Hydrochoos/Aquarius. The Greek/Latin names have no obvious relationship with their cuneiform counterpart. Tentatively, a relationship could be established if we assume that the Sumerian term was segmented (by folk etymology?) phonetically as /gul/ (cf. Akk. ''gullu'' “bowl”) and /a/ “water”. Note, however, that a MB forerunner to Hh from Emar explains [<sup>mul(.d?)</sup>GU.]LA as ni-ik-ka-ra-a[k], i.e. Ninkarrak, another name of the healing goddess Gula (Msk 74155 rev. iii’ 7’, see Arnaud 1985, V I.1, 287, and Gantzert 210,1 210; II 127). <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA (EA 2l). |
= ''rabû'' (?) (𒊏𒁍𒌑) “great (man)” (?). This constellation is identified with Hydrochoos/Aquarius. The Greek/Latin names have no obvious relationship with their cuneiform counterpart. Tentatively, a relationship could be established if we assume that the Sumerian term was segmented (by folk etymology?) phonetically as /gul/ (cf. Akk. ''gullu'' “bowl”) and /a/ “water”. Note, however, that a MB forerunner to Hh from Emar explains [<sup>mul(.d?)</sup>GU.]LA as ''ni-ik-ka-ra-a''[''k''], i.e. Ninkarrak, another name of the healing goddess Gula (Msk 74155 rev. iii’ 7’, see Arnaud 1985, V I.1, 287, and Gantzert 210,1 210; II 127). <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA (EA 2l). |
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===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim=== |
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim=== |
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= ''rabû'' "Great, Giant"; a constellation in Aquarius (Aquarius) [G. 81], see also (Kurtik g25) GU. |
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* see also (Kurtik g25) GU. |
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* see also (Kurtik r01) <sup>(mul)</sup>''Rabû'' |
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Akkadian parallel in Urra XXII: |
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* [<sup>mul</sup>gu.la] = ''ra-bu-u''<sub>2</sub> [MSL XI, 49, RS Rec. A, col. iv 64]. See also: mul ''ra-be''<sub>2</sub>-''e'' [ACh Suppl., 54:18]. |
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==== Sources and Identification(s) ==== |
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* (2) Urra XXII series: |
* (2) Urra XXII series: |
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** <sup>mul</sup>gu.la = (pass) [MSL XI, 30:25a'], |
** <sup>mul</sup>gu.la = (pass) [MSL XI, 30:25a'], |
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** [<sup>mul</sup>gu.la] = ra-bu-u<sub>2</sub> [ibid., 49, RS Rec. A:64], |
** [<sup>mul</sup>gu.la] = ''ra-bu-u''<sub>2</sub> [ibid., 49, RS Rec. A:64], |
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** <sup>mul</sup>gu.la = ŠU [SpTU III, 114A v 60], a possible parallel [<sup>mul</sup>gu.la] = ŠU [MSL XI, 31, Section 11 col. v 2; Bloch-Horowitz 2015, 111:320ʹ]. |
** <sup>mul</sup>gu.la = ŠU [SpTU III, 114A v 60], a possible parallel [<sup>mul</sup>gu.la] = ŠU [MSL XI, 31, Section 11 col. v 2; Bloch-Horowitz 2015, 111:320ʹ]. |
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'''Astrolabe B.''' |
'''Astrolabe B.''' |
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* (1) List (3´12): [<sup>iti</sup>ab <sup>m</sup>]<sup>ul</sup>gu.la šu-ut <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-a "The month of Tebet: the Giant (on the way towards) Ea (rises)" (C i 10). |
* (1) List (3´12): [<sup>iti</sup>ab <sup>m</sup>]<sup>ul</sup>gu.la ''šu-ut'' <sup>d</sup>''E''<sub>2</sub>-''a'' "The month of Tebet: the Giant (on the way towards) Ea (rises)" (C i 10). |
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* (2) List (rising-setting=6m): |
* (2) List (rising-setting=6m): |
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** a) <sup>iti</sup>ab <sup>mul</sup>gu.la <sup>mul</sup>al-lu-ut-tum <sup>mul</sup>ti<sub>8</sub><sup>mušen</sup> ˹e<sub>3</sub>˺ "Tebet: Giant, Crab, Eagle rises" (C 31), |
** a) <sup>iti</sup>ab <sup>mul</sup>gu.la <sup>mul</sup>''al-lu-ut-tum'' <sup>mul</sup>ti<sub>8</sub><sup>mušen</sup> ˹e<sub>3</sub>˺ "Tebet: Giant, Crab, Eagle rises" (C 31), |
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** b) <sup>[mu]l</sup><<ur>>.gu.la <sup>mul</sup>al-lu-ut-tum <sup>mul</sup>ti<sub>8</sub><sup>mušen</sup> [šu<sub>2</sub>] "(Duuzu): the Giant, Crab, Eagle [comes in]." [KAV 218, C 20; Horowitz 2014, 37, 40]. BM 82923. Month of Tebet, stars of Ea: <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA // 2.20 // <sup>d</sup>EN BE <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-a "The Giant // 140 // Lord of sources, Ea". [Walker-Hunger 1977, 30:28]. |
** b) <sup>[mu]l</sup><<ur>>.gu.la <sup>mul</sup>''al-lu-ut-tum'' <sup>mul</sup>ti<sub>8</sub><sup>mušen</sup> [šu<sub>2</sub>] "(Duuzu): the Giant, Crab, Eagle [comes in]." [KAV 218, C 20; Horowitz 2014, 37, 40]. BM 82923. Month of Tebet, stars of Ea: <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA // 2.20 // <sup>d</sup>EN BE <sup>d</sup>''E''<sub>2</sub>-''a'' "The Giant // 140 // Lord of sources, Ea". [Walker-Hunger 1977, 30:28]. |
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|[[File:Aqr+Cap Perdok stellarium.jpg|alt=Stellarium map|thumb|The Mesopotamian god Enki/ Ea and the benevolent daemon of the Goat-Fish next to him; paintings by R. Perdok (LWL Planetarium Münster) mapped to Stellarium. ]] |
|[[File:Aqr+Cap Perdok stellarium.jpg|alt=Stellarium map|thumb|The Mesopotamian god Enki/ Ea and the benevolent daemon of the Goat-Fish next to him; paintings by R. Perdok (LWL Planetarium Münster) mapped to Stellarium. ]] |
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|BM 34713. |
|'''BM 34713.''' |
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* <sup>iti</sup>ab // 2,20 <sup>múl</sup>gu.la // 1,0 <sup>múl</sup>ud.ka.du<sub>8</sub>.a // 30 <sup>múl</sup>[uz<sub>3</sub>] |
* <sup>iti</sup>ab // 2,20 <sup>múl</sup>gu.la // 1,0 <sup>múl</sup>ud.ka.du<sub>8</sub>.a // 30 <sup>múl</sup>[uz<sub>3</sub>] |
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* "Tebet: 140 Giant, 60 Demon with the Gaping Mouth, 30 [Goat]" [LBAT, 1499:10]. |
* "Tebet: 140 Giant, 60 Demon with the Gaping Mouth, 30 [Goat]" [LBAT, 1499:10]. |
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|'''EAE.''' |
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|'''EAE.''' See. [ABCD 227, EAE 20 text k: r. 8'; 285 App. 2.4: r. 19-20; BPO 2, III 28a, 31a; BPO 3, 281; NSAM 2, 247; SpTU IV, 162 r. 18; Stev. O.T., 232:8, Pl. XVII 8]. |
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See. [ABCD 227, EAE 20 text k: r. 8'; 285 App. 2.4: r. 19-20; BPO 2, III 28a, 31a; BPO 3, 281; NSAM 2, 247; SpTU IV, 162 r. 18; Stev. O.T., 232:8, Pl. XVII 8]. |
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|'''MUL.APIN.''' |
|'''MUL.APIN.''' |
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* (1) The stars of Ea (no. 2): <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-a "Giant, Ea" (I ii 20). |
* (1) The stars of Ea (no. 2): <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA <sup>d</sup>''E''<sub>2</sub>-''a'' "Giant, Ea" (I ii 20). |
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* (2) Dates of heliacal risings: "5th of Sabbath" (I iii 10), see (Kurtik a48) [[AŠ.GAN|AŠ.GAN<sub>2</sub>]]. |
* (2) Dates of heliacal risings: "5th of Sabbath" (I iii 10), see (Kurtik a48) [[AŠ.GAN|AŠ.GAN<sub>2</sub>]]. |
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* (3) Simultaneous daily sunrises and sunsets: |
* (3) Simultaneous daily sunrises and sunsets: |
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|'''"The Great Star List and Miscellenia."''' |
|'''"The Great Star List and Miscellenia."''' |
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12 stars of Elam: <sup>mul</sup>gu.la [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:205]. |
* 12 stars of Elam: <sup>mul</sup>gu.la [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:205]. |
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|Dalbanna-text. |
|'''Dalbanna-text.''' |
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* §aa. <sup>˹mul˺</sup>gu.la <sup>mul</sup>eme ur.gi<sub>7</sub> <sup>mul</sup>SAR U<sub>5</sub> x [...] 3 mul.meš gu si.sa<sub>2</sub> dub<sub>2</sub>.ba 2 dal.ba.an.n[a dal.ba.an.na mul] x [...] "Giant (α Lyr?), tongue of the Dog (τ Her), <sup>mul</sup>SAR U<sub>5</sub> x [...] (γ Ser): 3 stars. Straight tight rope. 2 interval[a, interval. Star] x x [...]" [Walker 1995, 41; ASM, 111]; according to [Koch 1995, 51, 64], <sup>˹mul˺</sup>gu.la = <sup>˹mul˺(d)</sup>''Gu-la'' "(healer goddess) Gula" (α Lyr), <sup>mul</sup>SAR U<sub>5</sub> = <sup>mul</sup>sar.u<sub>5</sub> (βγικρ Caput Serpentis). |
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* §aa. <sup>˹mul˺</sup>gu.la <sup>mul</sup>eme ur.gi<sub>7</sub> <sup>mul</sup>SAR U<sub>5</sub> x [...] 3 mul.meš gu si.sa<sub>2</sub> dub<sub>2</sub>.ba 2 dal.ba.an.n[a dal.ba.an.na mul] x [...] "Giant (α Lyr?), tongue of the Dog (τ Her), <sup>mul</sup>SAR U<sub>5</sub> x [...] (γ Ser): 3 stars. Straight tight rope. 2 interval[a, interval. Star] x x [...]" [Walker 1995, 41; ASM, 111]; according to [Koch 1995, 51, 64], <sup>˹mul˺</sup>gu.la = <sup>˹mul˺(d)</sup>Gu-la "(healer goddess) Gula" (α Lyr), <sup>mul</sup>SAR U<sub>5</sub> = <sup>mul</sup>sar.u<sub>5</sub> (βγικρ Caput Serpentis). |
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|Text W. 22281a. |
|'''Text W. 22281a.''' |
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* ''ina'' <sup>iti</sup>GU<sub>4</sub> UD 15 KAM<sub>2</sub> KI KUR [''ša'' <sup>d</sup>Šamaš...] / u <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA ''šit-qu-lu ina'' <sup>it</sup>[<sup>i</sup>A]PIN [''ina''] ''l''[''i-l'']''a-a-tu''<sub>2</sub> KI ŠU<sub>2</sub> ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>''Š''[''amaš'' ŠU.BI. AŠ.AM<sub>3</sub>] |
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* "On the 15th of ayar, during the rising [of the Sun...] and the Giant in equilibrium (= culminate). In the (month of) arahsamnu, in the evening, during sunset, the same thing takes place". [SpTU I, 95:3'-4'; ASM, 99]. |
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* ina <sup>iti</sup>GU<sub>4</sub> UD 15 KAM<sub>2</sub> KI KUR [ša <sup>d</sup>Šamaš...] / u <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA šit-qu-lu ina <sup>it</sup>[<sup>i</sup>A]PIN [ina] l[i-l]a-a-tu<sub>2</sub> KI ŠU<sub>2</sub> ša<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>Š[amaš ŠU.BI. AŠ.AM<sub>3</sub>] |
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* "On the 15th of ayar, during the rising [of the Sun...] and the Giant in equilibrium (= culminate). In the (month of) arahsamnu, in the evening, during sunset, the same thing takes place". [SpTU I, 95:3'-4'; ASM, 99]. |
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|Late Babylonian catalog BM 46083. |
|'''Late Babylonian catalog BM 46083.''' |
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* a) ''qu''<sub>2</sub>-''up''-[''pu'' ...] "[Front] reservo[ir of the Giant ...]." |
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* qu<sub>2</sub> |
* b) ˹''qu''<sub>2</sub><sup>?</sup>˺-[...] "[Rear] reservo[ir of the Giant]." [Roughton-Steele-Walker 2004, 564:12′-13′]. |
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* b) ˹qu<sub>2</sub><sup>?</sup>˺-[...] "[Rear] reservo[ir of the Giant]." [Roughton-Steele-Walker 2004, 564:12′-13′]. |
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** (a) Subdivision of the zodiac sign of the Hired Worker (Aries) into 12 parts, see (Kurtik g25, GU, merged here). |
** (a) Subdivision of the zodiac sign of the Hired Worker (Aries) into 12 parts, see (Kurtik g25, GU, merged here). |
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** (b) Division of the zodiac sign Leo into 12 parts: the 7th part is <sup>mul</sup>gu.la [Weidner 1967, 16-17, Taf. 6: VAT 7847]. |
** (b) Division of the zodiac sign Leo into 12 parts: the 7th part is <sup>mul</sup>gu.la [Weidner 1967, 16-17, Taf. 6: VAT 7847]. |
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* (3) Dodecatemoria. BM 34452+: |
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* (3) Dodecatemoria. BM 34452+: a) [11 10 // 3 10 // Sin ...] <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA / [....] Eri-du<sub>10</sub> "[Tebet 10 // siman 10 // Moon ...] Giant. / [...] Eridu." b) 5 24 // 3 12 // Sin ina GU<sub>2</sub>.MURGU <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA / KI <sup>múl</sup>SIPA GUB E<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>GAŠAN.EDIN "Ab 24 // siman 12 // The Moon on the spine<sup>?</sup> of the Giant. / Region of the True Shepherd of Anu (= Saturn, according to Hunger), seat of the house <sup>d</sup>GAŠAN.EDIN (= Lady Erua?)." [LBAT, 1586 + 1567; Hunger 1975, 41:19-20, rev. 3-4]. |
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** a) [11 10 // 3 10 // Sin ...] <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA / [....] ''Eri-du''<sub>10</sub> "[Tebet 10 // siman 10 // Moon ...] Giant. / [...] Eridu." |
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** b) 5 24 // 3 12 // Sin ina GU<sub>2</sub>.MURGU <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA / KI <sup>múl</sup>SIPA GUB E<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>GAŠAN.EDIN "Ab 24 // siman 12 // The Moon on the spine<sup>?</sup> of the Giant. / Region of the True Shepherd of Anu (= Saturn, according to Hunger), seat of the house <sup>d</sup>GAŠAN.EDIN (= Lady Erua?)." [LBAT, 1586 + 1567; Hunger 1975, 41:19-20, rev. 3-4]. |
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* (4) Predictions of cereal prices by the positions of the planets relative to zodiacal constellations and other phenomena: <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA [SpTU I, 94, passim]. |
* (4) Predictions of cereal prices by the positions of the planets relative to zodiacal constellations and other phenomena: <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA [SpTU I, 94, passim]. |
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* (5) Zodiacal astrology. KI <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA a-lid ... "In the region of Aquarius was born..." [LBAT, 1593 rev. 10′; Reiner 2000]. |
* (5) Zodiacal astrology. KI <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA ''a-lid'' ... "In the region of Aquarius was born..." [LBAT, 1593 rev. 10′; Reiner 2000]. |
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* (6) Predictions based on observations of eclipses of the moon and the position of the moon and planets relative to the signs of the zodiac. BM 36746+: KI <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA [Rochberg-Halton 1984, 134:17′], see s20[[Sîn]]. |
* (6) Predictions based on observations of eclipses of the moon and the position of the moon and planets relative to the signs of the zodiac. BM 36746+: KI <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA [Rochberg-Halton 1984, 134:17′], see (Kurtik s20) ''[[Sîn]]''. |
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|'''Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts.''' |
|'''Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts.''' |
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1) GU is the designation of the zodiac sign Aquarius [AD I-III, passim], first seen in the diary of the year -384 [AD I, 70, No. -384 Rev. 3ʹ]. |
* 1) GU is the designation of the zodiac sign Aquarius [AD I-III, passim], first seen in the diary of the year -384 [AD I, 70, No. -384 Rev. 3ʹ]. |
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* 2) As a designation of constellation included in the names of the 3 "normal stars", see (Kurtik m39) [[MUL2.ŠID.MEŠ|MUL<sub>2</sub>.ŠID.MEŠ]]. |
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|'''Text LBAT 1502 obv.''' |
|'''Text LBAT 1502 obv.''' |
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<sup>múl</sup>GU, the star of Antashurra, see (Kurtik sh20) [[ŠUDUN.ANŠE]]. |
* <sup>múl</sup>GU, the star of Antashurra, see (Kurtik sh20) [[ŠUDUN.ANŠE]]. |
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А 3427: |
А 3427: |
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* ina <sup>iti</sup>ab ina še-rim ud 28 <sup>múl</sup>GU ki.min(=meš-ḫa im-šuḫ ZI) |
* ''ina'' <sup>iti</sup>ab ''ina'' ''še-rim'' ud 28 <sup>múl</sup>GU ki.min(=''meš-ḫa im-šuḫ'' ZI) |
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* "In the month of Tebet, in the morning of the 28th day, the Giant emits mišḫu and rises." [Schaumberger 1955, 238:5], parallel in Sp II 202+: ina ab ina še-rim 28 <sup>múl</sup>gu.la meš-ḫu im-šuḫ ZI [ibid. 246:23]. |
* "In the month of Tebet, in the morning of the 28th day, the Giant emits mišḫu and rises." [Schaumberger 1955, 238:5], parallel in Sp II 202+: ina ab ina ''še-rim'' 28 <sup>múl</sup>gu.la ''meš-ḫu im-šuḫ'' ZI [ibid. 246:23]. |
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* (1) Horoscopes. GU — the designation of the zodiac sign Giant (= Aquarius) [BH, passim]. |
* (1) Horoscopes. GU — the designation of the zodiac sign Giant (= Aquarius) [BH, passim]. |
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* (2) "Lunaries." BRM IV, 19: GU — the designation of the zodiac sign Giant in the zodiacal scheme known as "dodecatemoria" [Ungnad 1941-44, 274-275: b, d, n, 10-13, 15, 28; Neugeb.-Sachs 1952-53]. |
* (2) "Lunaries." BRM IV, 19: GU — the designation of the zodiac sign Giant in the zodiacal scheme known as "dodecatemoria" [Ungnad 1941-44, 274-275: b, d, n, 10-13, 15, 28; Neugeb.-Sachs 1952-53]. |
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* (3) "Microzodiac. The subdivision of the zodiac sign Hired Worker(=Aries) into 12 parts: a) AO 6483: 11-i-tu<sub>4</sub> zittu(ḫa.la) <sup>múl</sup>gu šum<sub>3</sub>-šu<sub>2</sub> "11th section, its name is the Giant" [TU, 14:19; Sachs 1952, 66], (b) Sp II 202+: 11-tu<sub>2</sub> ḫa.la ša<sub>2</sub> <sup>múl</sup>lu <sup>múl</sup>gu.la ša<sub>2</sub> <sup>múl</sup>lu "11th part Hired Man - Hired Man Giant" [Schaumberger 1955, 246:24]. |
* (3) "Microzodiac. The subdivision of the zodiac sign Hired Worker(=Aries) into 12 parts: a) AO 6483: 11-i-tu<sub>4</sub> zittu(ḫa.la) <sup>múl</sup>gu ''šum''<sub>3</sub>-''šu''<sub>2</sub> "11th section, its name is the Giant" [TU, 14:19; Sachs 1952, 66], (b) Sp II 202+: 11-''tu''<sub>2</sub> ḫa.la ša<sub>2</sub> <sup>múl</sup>lu <sup>múl</sup>gu.la ša<sub>2</sub> <sup>múl</sup>lu "11th part Hired Man - Hired Man Giant" [Schaumberger 1955, 246:24]. |
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* (4) Calendar-magic texts. W 22704 (recipe for making ointment + "dodecatemoria"): |
* (4) Calendar-magic texts. W 22704 (recipe for making ointment + "dodecatemoria"): |
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** MIN(=ŠU) 6 // GU 12 // qaqqad(SAG.DU) erî(TI<sub>8</sub><sup>mušen</sup>) kappi(PA) MIN(= erî) u dām(UŠ<sub>2</sub>) MIN(= erî) MIN(= tapaššaš) |
** MIN(=ŠU) 6 // GU 12 // ''qaqqad''(SAG.DU) ''erî''(TI<sub>8</sub><sup>mušen</sup>) ''kappi''(PA) MIN(= ''erî'') ''u dām''(UŠ<sub>2</sub>) MIN(= ''erî'') MIN(= ''tapaššaš'') |
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** "Duuzu 6 // Aquarius 120 // Head of eagle, wing of eagle and blood of eagle - you smear" [SpTU III, 104:6, and also 104:19]; |
** "Duuzu 6 // Aquarius 120 // Head of eagle, wing of eagle and blood of eagle - you smear" [SpTU III, 104:6, and also 104:19]; |
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** for a parallel for the month of arahsamnu see. W 22619/9+ [SpTU III, 105:3, 16, 29]. |
** for a parallel for the month of arahsamnu see. W 22619/9+ [SpTU III, 105:3, 16, 29]. |
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* (5) Zodiacal astrology. |
* (5) Zodiacal astrology. |
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** a) KI <sup>múl</sup>GU MU DUG<sub>3</sub> DUMU<sup>meš</sup> TUK UŠ<sub>2</sub> A.MEŠ "Region of Aquarius: sons shall have a good name, death by water" [TU, 14:25; Hunger 1996; Sachs 1952, 66, 68], for parallels see. [LBAT, 1600 obv. 13'; SpTU II, 43: 27]; see also [Emelyanov 1999, 192]. |
** a) KI <sup>múl</sup>GU MU DUG<sub>3</sub> DUMU<sup>meš</sup> TUK UŠ<sub>2</sub> A.MEŠ "Region of Aquarius: sons shall have a good name, death by water" [TU, 14:25; Hunger 1996; Sachs 1952, 66, 68], for parallels see. [LBAT, 1600 obv. 13'; SpTU II, 43: 27]; see also [Emelyanov 1999, 192]. |
||
** |
** b) KI <sup>múl</sup>GU [LBAT, 1593:5'; Reiner 2000]. |
||
| |
| |
||
|} |
|} |
||
See also [SpTU I, 96:1; SpTU V, 270:3′]. |
See also [SpTU I, 96:1; SpTU V, 270:3′]. |
||
====Stars within the Constellation Area==== |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" |
|||
|+ |
|||
|- |
|||
!id |
|||
!Label |
|||
!IAU design. |
|||
!description |
|||
!Vmag |
|||
|- |
|||
|1 |
|||
|[[Enif]] |
|||
|HIP 107315 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|2.39 |
|||
|- |
|||
|2 |
|||
| [[Sadalsuud]] |
|||
|HIP 106278 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|2.89 |
|||
|- |
|||
|3 |
|||
|[[Sadalmelik]] |
|||
|HIP 109074 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|2.94 |
|||
|- |
|||
|4 |
|||
|[[Skat]] |
|||
|HIP 113136 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|3.28 |
|||
|- |
|||
|5 |
|||
| [[Biham]] |
|||
|HIP 109427 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|3.55 |
|||
|- |
|||
|6 |
|||
|[[Safina]] |
|||
|HIP 114341 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|3.64 |
|||
|- |
|||
|7 |
|||
|ζ 1 Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 110960 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|3.65 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 8 |
|||
|γ Piscium |
|||
|HIP 114971 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|3.7 |
|||
|- |
|||
|9 |
|||
|[[Shatabhisha]] |
|||
|HIP 112961 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|3.79 |
|||
|- |
|||
|10 |
|||
|[[Sadachbia]] |
|||
| HIP 110395 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|3.834 |
|||
|- |
|||
|11 |
|||
|98 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 115438 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|3.98 |
|||
|- |
|||
|12 |
|||
| τ 2 Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 112716 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|3.98 |
|||
|- |
|||
|13 |
|||
|η Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 111497 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|4.03 |
|||
|- |
|||
|14 |
|||
|ι Piscium |
|||
|HIP 116771 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|4.12 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 15 |
|||
| [[Ancha]] |
|||
|HIP 110003 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|4.16 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 16 |
|||
|ϕ Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 114724 |
|||
| within constellation lines |
|||
|4.22 |
|||
|- |
|||
|17 |
|||
|ψ 1 Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 114855 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|4.25 |
|||
|- |
|||
|18 |
|||
|ι Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 109139 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
| 4.27 |
|||
|- |
|||
|19 |
|||
|* zet02 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 110960 |
|||
| within constellation lines |
|||
|4.34 |
|||
|- |
|||
|20 |
|||
|ψ 2 Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 115033 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|4.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
|21 |
|||
|30 Psc |
|||
|HIP 154 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|4.41 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 22 |
|||
|7 Cet |
|||
|HIP 1170 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|4.46 |
|||
|- |
|||
|23 |
|||
|ω 2 Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 116971 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|4.484 |
|||
|- |
|||
|24 |
|||
| * zet01 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 110960 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|4.49 |
|||
|- |
|||
|25 |
|||
|λ Piscium |
|||
|HIP 116928 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|4.51 |
|||
|- |
|||
|26 |
|||
|[[Fumalsamakah]] |
|||
|HIP 113889 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|4.52 |
|||
|- |
|||
|27 |
|||
|[[Hydor]] |
|||
|HIP 301 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 4.536 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 28 |
|||
|π Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 110672 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
| 4.64 |
|||
|- |
|||
|29 |
|||
|ο Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 108874 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|4.69 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 30 |
|||
|35 Peg |
|||
| HIP 110882 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|4.8 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 31 |
|||
|σ Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 111123 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 4.81 |
|||
|- |
|||
|32 |
|||
|104 Aqr A |
|||
| HIP 116901 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|4.83 |
|||
|- |
|||
|33 |
|||
|ν Pegasi |
|||
|HIP 109068 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|4.84 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 34 |
|||
|27 Psc |
|||
|HIP 118209 |
|||
| within constellation lines |
|||
|4.886 |
|||
|- |
|||
|35 |
|||
|6 Cet |
|||
|HIP 910 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
|4.89 |
|||
|- |
|||
|36 |
|||
| 3 Cet |
|||
|HIP 355 |
|||
|within constellation lines |
|||
| 4.924 |
|||
|- |
|||
|37 |
|||
|κ Piscium |
|||
|HIP 115738 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|4.94 |
|||
|- |
|||
|38 |
|||
|ω 1 Aquarii |
|||
| HIP 116758 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|4.977 |
|||
|- |
|||
|39 |
|||
|ψ 3 Aquarii |
|||
| HIP 115115 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.003 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 40 |
|||
|[[Situla]] |
|||
|HIP 111710 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.03 |
|||
|- |
|||
|41 |
|||
| χ Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 114939 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.06 |
|||
|- |
|||
|42 |
|||
|7 Psc |
|||
|HIP 115227 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.069 |
|||
|- |
|||
|43 |
|||
|25 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 106944 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 44 |
|||
| 94 Aqr A |
|||
|HIP 115126 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.18 |
|||
|- |
|||
|45 |
|||
| 108 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 117629 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.18 |
|||
|- |
|||
|46 |
|||
|97 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 115404 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.22 |
|||
|- |
|||
|47 |
|||
| 106 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 117089 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.239 |
|||
|- |
|||
|48 |
|||
|258 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 116957 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.257 |
|||
|- |
|||
|49 |
|||
|18 G. Cet |
|||
|HIP 983 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.265 |
|||
|- |
|||
|50 |
|||
|32 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 108991 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 5.271 |
|||
|- |
|||
|51 |
|||
|7 Peg |
|||
|HIP 107151 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.301 |
|||
|- |
|||
|52 |
|||
|42 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 110000 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.333 |
|||
|- |
|||
|53 |
|||
| ρ Aquarii |
|||
|HIP 110273 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.339 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 54 |
|||
| 103 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 116889 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.344 |
|||
|- |
|||
|55 |
|||
|30 Peg |
|||
|HIP 110298 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 5.37 |
|||
|- |
|||
|56 |
|||
|38 Aqr |
|||
| HIP 109472 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.422 |
|||
|- |
|||
|57 |
|||
|2 Psc |
|||
|HIP 113521 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.426 |
|||
|- |
|||
|58 |
|||
| 5 Psc |
|||
|HIP 114273 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.43 |
|||
|- |
|||
|59 |
|||
|83 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 113996 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.47 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 60 |
|||
|20 Psc |
|||
| HIP 117375 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.49 |
|||
|- |
|||
|61 |
|||
|30 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 108868 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.543 |
|||
|- |
|||
|62 |
|||
| 217 G. Aqr |
|||
| HIP 114822 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.55 |
|||
|- |
|||
|63 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 115142 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.55 |
|||
|- |
|||
|64 |
|||
|77 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 113148 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.56 |
|||
|- |
|||
|65 |
|||
|28 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 108691 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.597 |
|||
|- |
|||
|66 |
|||
| * i02 Aqr A |
|||
|HIP 117218 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.616 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 67 |
|||
|11 Peg |
|||
|HIP 107575 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.624 |
|||
|- |
|||
|68 |
|||
|19 Peg |
|||
|HIP 108699 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.633 |
|||
|- |
|||
|69 |
|||
|26 Aqr |
|||
| HIP 107144 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.641 |
|||
|- |
|||
|70 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 116591 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.654 |
|||
|- |
|||
|71 |
|||
|16 Psc |
|||
| HIP 116495 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.68 |
|||
|- |
|||
|72 |
|||
|τ 1 Aquarii |
|||
| HIP 112542 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.681 |
|||
|- |
|||
|73 |
|||
|269 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 117567 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.691 |
|||
|- |
|||
|74 |
|||
|* 37 Peg A |
|||
| HIP 111062 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.7 |
|||
|- |
|||
|75 |
|||
|94 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 108102 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.704 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 76 |
|||
|264 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 117314 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.731 |
|||
|- |
|||
|77 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 117756 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.747 |
|||
|- |
|||
|78 |
|||
|44 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 110023 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.751 |
|||
|- |
|||
|79 |
|||
|50 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 110602 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.752 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 80 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 113184 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 5.757 |
|||
|- |
|||
|81 |
|||
|7 G. Cet |
|||
|HIP 343 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.769 |
|||
|- |
|||
|82 |
|||
|80 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 106592 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.778 |
|||
|- |
|||
|83 |
|||
|51 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 110578 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.779 |
|||
|- |
|||
|84 |
|||
|74 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 113031 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.78 |
|||
|- |
|||
|85 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 110009 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.791 |
|||
|- |
|||
|86 |
|||
|34 Peg |
|||
|HIP 110785 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.81 |
|||
|- |
|||
|87 |
|||
|11 G. Psc |
|||
|HIP 113622 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.848 |
|||
|- |
|||
|88 |
|||
|271 G. Aqr |
|||
| HIP 117722 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.848 |
|||
|- |
|||
|89 |
|||
|14 Psc |
|||
|HIP 116323 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.87 |
|||
|- |
|||
|90 |
|||
|60 Aqr |
|||
| HIP 111394 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.875 |
|||
|- |
|||
|91 |
|||
| 138 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 110532 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.907 |
|||
|- |
|||
|92 |
|||
| - |
|||
| HR 8716 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.92 |
|||
|- |
|||
|93 |
|||
|255 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 116853 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 5.92 |
|||
|- |
|||
|94 |
|||
| 202 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 113686 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.933 |
|||
|- |
|||
|95 |
|||
|268 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 117541 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.936 |
|||
|- |
|||
|96 |
|||
|225 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 115144 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.94 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 97 |
|||
|24 Psc |
|||
|HIP 117761 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.94 |
|||
|- |
|||
|98 |
|||
|246 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 116368 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.944 |
|||
|- |
|||
|99 |
|||
|45 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 110179 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.959 |
|||
|- |
|||
|100 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 109466 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|5.98 |
|||
|- |
|||
|101 |
|||
|18 Peg |
|||
| HIP 108612 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6 |
|||
|- |
|||
|102 |
|||
|39 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 109624 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.043 |
|||
|- |
|||
|103 |
|||
| - |
|||
| HIP 117420 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.069 |
|||
|- |
|||
|104 |
|||
|198 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 113531 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.1 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 105 |
|||
|1 Psc |
|||
|HIP 113167 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.11 |
|||
|- |
|||
|106 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 114750 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.12 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 107 |
|||
|CF Cet |
|||
|HIP 696 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.13 |
|||
|- |
|||
|108 |
|||
| 155 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 111171 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.139 |
|||
|- |
|||
|109 |
|||
|13 G. Peg |
|||
|HIP 108090 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.143 |
|||
|- |
|||
|110 |
|||
|128 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 109984 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.143 |
|||
|- |
|||
|111 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 113998 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.143 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 112 |
|||
| - |
|||
| HIP 111170 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.16 |
|||
|- |
|||
|113 |
|||
|31 G. Peg |
|||
|HIP 110341 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.163 |
|||
|- |
|||
|114 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 113421 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.163 |
|||
|- |
|||
|115 |
|||
|89 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 107596 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.168 |
|||
|- |
|||
|116 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 115257 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.172 |
|||
|- |
|||
|117 |
|||
|70 Aqr |
|||
| HIP 112615 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.18 |
|||
|- |
|||
|118 |
|||
|78 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 113127 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.181 |
|||
|- |
|||
|119 |
|||
|234 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 115528 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.186 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 120 |
|||
|238 G. Aqr |
|||
| HIP 115906 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.191 |
|||
|- |
|||
|121 |
|||
|29 G. Peg |
|||
|HIP 109939 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.192 |
|||
|- |
|||
|122 |
|||
|82 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 113781 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.2 |
|||
|- |
|||
|123 |
|||
| 10 G. Cet |
|||
|HIP 602 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.203 |
|||
|- |
|||
|124 |
|||
|266 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 117494 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.213 |
|||
|- |
|||
|125 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 106758 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.214 |
|||
|- |
|||
|126 |
|||
|81 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 113674 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.215 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 127 |
|||
|98 G. Aqr |
|||
| HIP 108506 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.22 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 128 |
|||
|3 Psc |
|||
| HIP 113610 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.224 |
|||
|- |
|||
|129 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 108144 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.23 |
|||
|- |
|||
|130 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 111761 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.244 |
|||
|- |
|||
|131 |
|||
|9 Psc |
|||
|HIP 115768 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.25 |
|||
|- |
|||
|132 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 115953 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.25 |
|||
|- |
|||
|133 |
|||
|1 Cet |
|||
| HIP 118178 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.276 |
|||
|- |
|||
|134 |
|||
|115 G. Aqr |
|||
| HIP 109442 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.282 |
|||
|- |
|||
|135 |
|||
|5 G. Psc |
|||
|HIP 113360 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.282 |
|||
|- |
|||
|136 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 111965 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.31 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 137 |
|||
|197 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 113345 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.313 |
|||
|- |
|||
|138 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 115015 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.327 |
|||
|- |
|||
|139 |
|||
|96 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 108453 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.331 |
|||
|- |
|||
|140 |
|||
|24 G. Psc |
|||
| HIP 115476 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.34 |
|||
|- |
|||
|141 |
|||
|30 G. Psc |
|||
| HIP 115945 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.34 |
|||
|- |
|||
|142 |
|||
| 56 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 111086 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.347 |
|||
|- |
|||
|143 |
|||
|7 G. Psc |
|||
|HIP 113433 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.374 |
|||
|- |
|||
|144 |
|||
|237 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 115839 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.375 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 145 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 110091 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.379 |
|||
|- |
|||
|146 |
|||
|189 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 113080 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.38 |
|||
|- |
|||
|147 |
|||
|251 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 116624 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.38 |
|||
|- |
|||
|148 |
|||
|58 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 111200 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.381 |
|||
|- |
|||
|149 |
|||
|13 Psc |
|||
| HIP 116146 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.384 |
|||
|- |
|||
|150 |
|||
|16 G. Psc |
|||
|HIP 114005 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.388 |
|||
|- |
|||
|151 |
|||
|240 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 116060 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.391 |
|||
|- |
|||
|152 |
|||
|121 G. Aqr |
|||
| HIP 109647 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
|153 |
|||
|152 G. Aqr |
|||
| HIP 111066 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.4 |
|||
|- |
|||
|154 |
|||
| 67 Aqr |
|||
|HIP 112179 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.405 |
|||
|- |
|||
|155 |
|||
|248 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 116428 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.407 |
|||
|- |
|||
|156 |
|||
|15 G. Psc |
|||
|HIP 113904 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.417 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 157 |
|||
| * i02 Aqr B |
|||
| HIP 117218 |
|||
| Inside the Hull |
|||
| 6.42 |
|||
|- |
|||
|158 |
|||
| 213 G. Aqr |
|||
|HIP 114371 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.43 |
|||
|- |
|||
|159 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 112168 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.45 |
|||
|- |
|||
|160 |
|||
|13 G. Psc |
|||
|HIP 113705 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.45 |
|||
|- |
|||
|161 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HR 8629 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.46 |
|||
|- |
|||
|162 |
|||
|15 Psc |
|||
|HIP 116422 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.463 |
|||
|- |
|||
|163 |
|||
|10 G. Peg |
|||
|HIP 107271 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.47 |
|||
|- |
|||
|164 |
|||
| - |
|||
|HIP 116106 |
|||
|Inside the Hull |
|||
|6.49 |
|||
|} |
|||
===Additional=== |
===Additional=== |
||
'''II. Deity.''' |
|||
==== II. Deity. ==== |
|||
A mythological character from the entourage of Enki/Ea (later Marduk), possibly one of the sons of Enki (= <sup>d</sup>Laḫmu, lit. "Covered with hair, hairy"). A male nude figure with a beard and six locks, depicted in full-face. For arguments in favor of identifying "<sup>d</sup>Laḫmu = Hairy One, Naked Hero, Sechslockiger Held" see [Green 1983; Wiggermer 1983; Wiggermer 1983]. See [Green 1983; Wiggermann 1981-82; 1992 XI, 164-166]; for a detailed analysis of the difficulties associated with this identification, see [Ellis 1995]. This appears on the seals from the epoch of the First Dynasty of Ur. Initially he was correlated with the river spirit, who tamed wild animals and protected livestock. His name is mentioned in the list of 50 servants of Enki. He is also either depicted with a jug, from which pours out water, or simply together with two streams of water. He also was associated with the gatekeeper and or the guardian of the gate. After being included as one of Marduk's entourage, he was attributed with a shovel [Amiet 1963, Pl. 81, 98; Porada 1987; Kononenko 1997, 95; Wiggermann 1981-82; 1992 165-166]. Prayers and rituals. (1) The ritual of the "washing of the mouth" (mīs pî) or the "revival" of the statue-deity, see k2[[KU6]]. |
|||
A mythological character from the entourage of Enki/Ea (later Marduk), possibly one of the sons of Enki (= <sup>d</sup>''Laḫmu'', lit. "Covered with hair, hairy"). A male nude figure with a beard and six locks, depicted in full-face. For arguments in favor of identifying "<sup>d</sup>Laḫmu = Hairy One, Naked Hero, Sechslockiger Held" see [Green 1983; Wiggermer 1983; Wiggermer 1983]. See [Green 1983; Wiggermann 1981-82; 1992 XI, 164-166]; for a detailed analysis of the difficulties associated with this identification, see [Ellis 1995]. This appears on the seals from the epoch of the First Dynasty of Ur. Initially he was correlated with the river spirit, who tamed wild animals and protected livestock. His name is mentioned in the list of 50 servants of Enki. He is also either depicted with a jug, from which pours out water, or simply together with two streams of water. He also was associated with the gatekeeper and or the guardian of the gate. After being included as one of Marduk's entourage, he was attributed with a shovel [Amiet 1963, Pl. 81, 98; Porada 1987; Kononenko 1997, 95; Wiggermann 1981-82; 1992 165-166]. |
|||
Prayers and rituals. |
|||
* (1) The ritual of the "washing of the mouth" (''mīs pî'') or the "revival" of the statue-deity, see (Kurtik k24) [[KU6|KU<sub>6</sub>]]. |
|||
A male standing or sitting on a throne, from whose shoulders (or from a jug pressed unto his chest) flows two streams of water (in which fish are sometimes depicted). This symbol is known from Old Akkadian times and in most cases represents the god Enki/Ea or the naked hairy hero Lahmu who was also depicted with two streams of water [Van Buren 1945, 124-133; Seidl 1968, 130-131; Braun-Holzinger 1996, 328-332; Wiggermann 1992, 156, 188 fig. 1]. E. Porada considers the figure of the naked hero as a prototype of the zodiacal constellation <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA. Its relatively huge size on the seals of the 3rd millennium BC justifies the name GU.LA "Giant". Originally the figure was a standing nude, or horizontally positioned figure, during the 1st millennium B.C. — dressed figure. Some depictions, during the Old Babylonian period, undoubtedly have astral significance, as they show the month and stars on both sides of the head [Porada 1987, Fig. 1, 12-16; Kurtik 2007, Fig. 39, 40], see also [Kurtik 1998, 33; AUWE 19, 31, 155]. Two streams of water end sometimes in two jugs; hence, apparently, is derived the name, "front and back vessels of the Giant." For images on kudurru and Hellenistic seals see. [AUWE 19, no. 126-141; Seidl 1968, 41, Abb. 10; Kurtik 2007, figs. 41-43]. It is difficult to explain the mention of the Giant's spine in BM 34452+ (see above). |
|||
==== III. Symbol. ==== |
|||
'''IV. Identification.''' |
|||
A male standing or sitting on a throne, from whose shoulders (or from a jug pressed unto his chest) flows two streams of water (in which fish are sometimes depicted). This symbol is known from Old Akkadian times and in most cases represents the god Enki/Ea or the naked hairy hero Lahmu who was also depicted with two streams of water [Van Buren 1945, 124-133; Seidl 1968, 130-131; Braun-Holzinger 1996, 328-332; Wiggermann 1992, 156, 188 fig. 1]. E. Porada considers the figure of the naked hero as a prototype of the zodiacal constellation <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA. Its relatively huge size on the seals of the 3rd millennium BC justifies the name GU.LA "Giant". Originally the figure was a standing nude, or horizontally positioned figure, during the 1st millennium B.C. — dressed figure. Some depictions, during the Old Babylonian period, undoubtedly have astral significance, as they show the month and stars on both sides of the head [Porada 1987, Fig. 1, 12-16; Kurtik 2007, Fig. 39, 40], see also [Kurtik 1998, 33; AUWE 19, 31, 155]. Two streams of water end sometimes in two jugs; hence, apparently, is derived the name, "front and back vessels of the Giant." For images on kudurru and Hellenistic seals see. [AUWE 19, no. 126-141; Seidl 1968, 41, Abb. 10; Kurtik 2007, figs. 41-43]. It is difficult to explain the mention of the Giant's spine in BM 34452+ (see above). |
|||
==== IV. Identification. ==== |
|||
= Aquarius [Waerden 1949, 13; 1952-53, 219; 1974, 70; Weidner 1957-59, 73a; BPO 2, 12; MA, 138; Mesop.Astrol., 207, App. C; ASM, 273; Horowitz 2014, 246]. |
= Aquarius [Waerden 1949, 13; 1952-53, 219; 1974, 70; Weidner 1957-59, 73a; BPO 2, 12; MA, 138; Mesop.Astrol., 207, App. C; ASM, 273; Horowitz 2014, 246]. |
||
==== V. Constellation parts and individual stars. ==== |
|||
(1) ''qup-pu'' IGI ''ša''<sub>2</sub> GU "Anterior reservoir of the Giant" (probably ψ1 + ψ2 + ψ3 Aquarii), |
|||
( |
(2) ''qup-pu ar''<sub>2</sub> ''ša''<sub>2</sub> GU "Hind reservoir of the Giant" (identification unknown), |
||
Asterisms (1) and (2) were among the "normal stars" and used in the “Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts,” see (Kurtik m39) [[MUL2.ŠID.MEŠ|MUL<sub>2</sub>.ŠID.MEŠ]]. |
|||
(2) qup-pu ar<sub>2</sub> ša<sub>2</sub> GU "Hind reservoir of the Giant" (identification unknown), |
|||
Asterisms (1) and (2) were among the "normal stars" and used in the “Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts,” see m39[[MUL2.ŠID.MEŠ]]. |
|||
(3) GU<sub>2</sub>.MURGU <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA "Spine of the Giant", see BM 34452+ "Dodecatemoria". |
(3) GU<sub>2</sub>.MURGU <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA "Spine of the Giant", see BM 34452+ "Dodecatemoria". |
||
| Line 152: | Line 1,155: | ||
(4) "Mouth of the Giant," see below (9). |
(4) "Mouth of the Giant," see below (9). |
||
==== VI. Astrology. ==== |
|||
Identifications: |
|||
(1) = Venus; <sup>ul</sup>gu.la is the name of Venus in the month of kislimu [ACh Ištar, 8:2], see d06[[Dilb]], "Tablet of Dilbat". |
|||
===== Identifications: ===== |
|||
(2) = Jupiter; DIŠ UD.28.KAM<sub>2</sub> u<sub>3</sub> 29.KAM<sub>2</sub> KA´MI-ma <sup>mul</sup>GAL : <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA ina [A<sub>2</sub>-šu<sub>2</sub> GUB] "If on the 28th and 29th day (of the month of adar, the Sun) darkens (and) the Great Star (i.e. Jupiter?) = the Giant on [stands on its side]" [ACh Šamaš, 11:72]. |
|||
(1) = Venus; <sup>ul</sup>gu.la is the name of Venus in the month of kislimu [ACh Ištar, 8:2], see (Kurtik d06) ''[[Dilbat]]'', "Tablet of Dilbat". |
|||
(2) = Jupiter; DIŠ UD.28.KAM<sub>2</sub> ''u''<sub>3</sub> 29.KAM<sub>2</sub> KA´MI-''ma'' <sup>mul</sup>GAL: <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA ''ina'' [A<sub>2</sub>-''šu''<sub>2</sub> GUB] "If on the 28th and 29th day (of the month of adar, the Sun) darkens (and) the Great Star (i.e. Jupiter?) = the Giant on [stands on its side]" [ACh Šamaš, 11:72]. |
|||
(3) = Yoke; <sup>mul</sup>ŠUDUN = <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA, see s24[[SUḪUR.MAŠ2]], VI 3. |
|||
(3) = Yoke; <sup>mul</sup>ŠUDUN = <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA, see (Kurtik s24) [[SUḪUR.MAŠ2|SUḪUR.MAŠ<sub>2</sub>]], VI 3. |
|||
Predictions: |
|||
===== Predictions: ===== |
|||
(4) Eclipse of the Moon in the Giant; AN.MI ina <sup>mulx</sup>GU.LA GAR-ma "An eclipse occured in the Giant." [ABCD, 227, text k:8′], DIŠ ina iti˹x UD.14.KAM˺ AN.MI 30 GAR-ma KA´MI-su TU [...] ina <sup>mulx</sup>GU.LA AN.MI GAR-ma "If on the 14th [x] the Moon eclipses, (and) it darkens, [...], (this means): the eclipse occurred in the Giant" [ABCD, 285, BM 47447 r. 18-19], see also [SpTU IV, 162 r. 18]. DIŠ ina KI <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA u<sub>2</sub>-lu <sup>mul</sup>SUḪUR.MAŠ2<sup>ku6</sup> a-dir EŠ.BAR NUN<sup>ki</sup> u<sub>2</sub>-lu uru <sup>d</sup>ID<sub>2</sub> "If (the Moon) eclipses within the Giant or Goat-Fish: solution for Eridu or the city <sup>d</sup>ID<sub>2</sub>" [Weidner 1963, 118, MNB 1849:44 + Anm. 44], see also [NSAM 2, 54, IIa:1′]. |
|||
(4) Eclipse of the Moon in the Giant; AN.MI ''ina'' <sup>mulx</sup>GU.LA GAR-''ma'' "An eclipse occured in the Giant." [ABCD, 227, text k:8′], DIŠ ''ina'' iti˹x UD.14.KAM˺ AN.MI 30 GAR-''ma'' KA´MI-''su'' TU [...] ''ina'' <sup>mulx</sup>GU.LA AN.MI GAR-''ma'' "If on the 14th [x] the Moon eclipses, (and) it darkens, [...], (this means): the eclipse occurred in the Giant" [ABCD, 285, BM 47447 r. 18-19], see also [SpTU IV, 162 r. 18]. DIŠ ''ina'' KI <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA ''u''<sub>2</sub>''-lu'' <sup>mul</sup>SUḪUR.MAŠ<sub>2</sub><sup>ku6</sup> ''a-dir'' EŠ.BAR NUN<sup>ki</sup> ''u''<sub>2</sub>-''lu'' uru <sup>d</sup>ID<sub>2</sub> "If (the Moon) eclipses within the Giant or Goat-Fish: solution for Eridu or the city <sup>d</sup>ID<sub>2</sub>" [Weidner 1963, 118, MNB 1849:44 + Anm. 44], see also [NSAM 2, 54, IIa:1′]. |
|||
(5) The Giant and the eclipse of the moon; (DIŠ) <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA a-dir 30 ina EN.NUN U<sub>4</sub>.ZAL.LA AN.MI GAR-ma "(If) the Giant is dark: the lunar eclipse will occur in the morning watch" [TU, 11:2]. |
(5) The Giant and the eclipse of the moon; (DIŠ) <sup>múl</sup>GU.LA ''a-dir'' 30 ''ina'' EN.NUN U<sub>4</sub>.ZAL.LA AN.MI GAR-''ma'' "(If) the Giant is dark: the lunar eclipse will occur in the morning watch" [TU, 11:2]. |
||
(6) Heliacal rising(?); <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA <sup>mul</sup>AL.LUL <sup>mul</sup>[TI<sub>8</sub>]<sup>mušen</sup> <sup>d</sup>UD.AL.TAR <sup>d</sup>SAG.ME.GAR ina UD ŠU<sub>2</sub> EN MUL LU KUR-ma "The Giant, Crab, [Eagle], Heroic, (i.e.) Jupiter in a cloudy day .... heliacally rises" [BPO 2, III 28a]. |
(6) Heliacal rising(?); <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA <sup>mul</sup>AL.LUL <sup>mul</sup>[TI<sub>8</sub>]<sup>mušen</sup> <sup>d</sup>UD.AL.TAR <sup>d</sup>SAG.ME.GAR ''ina'' UD ŠU<sub>2</sub> EN MUL LU KUR-''ma'' "The Giant, Crab, [Eagle], Heroic, (i.e.) Jupiter in a cloudy day .... heliacally rises" [BPO 2, III 28a]. |
||
(7) Venus or Jupiter becomeds weak; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA ŠUB-ut [<sup>d</sup>Dil]-bat <sup>mul</sup>SAG.ME.GAR u<sub>2</sub>-tan-na-at<sub>2</sub>-ma KI.MIN ina AN-e uḫ-ḫar-ma NU IGI "If the Giant (Great Star?) falls, (this means): [Ve]nus (or) Jupiter becomes faint, variant: are behind the sky and not visible" [BPO 3, 248, K.2346+: r. 52]. |
(7) Venus or Jupiter becomeds weak; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA ŠUB-''ut'' [<sup>d</sup>''Dil'']-''bat'' <sup>mul</sup>SAG.ME.GAR ''u''<sub>2</sub>''-tan-na-at''<sub>2</sub>-''ma'' KI.MIN ''ina'' AN-''e uḫ-ḫar-ma'' NU IGI "If the Giant (Great Star?) falls, (this means): [Ve]nus (or) Jupiter becomes faint, variant: are behind the sky and not visible" [BPO 3, 248, K.2346+: r. 52]. |
||
(8) The Moon and the Giant; [DIŠ 30 ina] IGI.LA<sub>2</sub>-šu<sub>2</sub> ina SI ZAG-šu<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA GUB ina ITI BI [...] "[If the Moon], during its appearance, (and) the Giant stands on the moon’s right horn: during this month [...]", [DIŠ 30 ina IGI.L]A<sub>2</sub>-šu<sub>2</sub> ina SI GUB<sub>3</sub>-šu<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA GUB SAL.KUR<sub>2</sub>. KUR<sub>2</sub> [...] "[If the Moon during its appearance] (and) the Giant stands on the moon’s left horn: war [...]", [DIŠ 30 ina IGI.LA<sub>2</sub>-š]u<sub>2</sub> ina ŠA<sub>3</sub>-bi-šu<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA GUB LUGAL ŠU<sub>2</sub> GIŠ.GU.Z[A...] "[If the Moon during its appearance] (and) the Giant stands in the moon’s middle: the king of all thrones [...]". [NSAM 2, 162, Text Vu: r. 16′-18′]. |
(8) The Moon and the Giant; [DIŠ 30 ''ina''] IGI.LA<sub>2</sub>-''šu''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' SI ZAG-''šu''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA GUB ''ina'' ITI BI [...] "[If the Moon], during its appearance, (and) the Giant stands on the moon’s right horn: during this month [...]", [DIŠ 30 ''ina'' IGI.L]A<sub>2</sub>-''šu''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' SI GUB<sub>3</sub>-''šu''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA GUB SAL.KUR<sub>2</sub>. KUR<sub>2</sub> [...] "[If the Moon during its appearance] (and) the Giant stands on the moon’s left horn: war [...]", [DIŠ 30 ''ina'' IGI.LA<sub>2</sub>-''š'']''u''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' ŠA<sub>3</sub>-''bi-šu''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA GUB LUGAL ŠU<sub>2</sub> GIŠ.GU.Z[A...] "[If the Moon during its appearance] (and) the Giant stands in the moon’s middle: the king of all thrones [...]". [NSAM 2, 162, Text Vu: r. 16′-18′]. |
||
(9) Heliacal rising of the Giant and Jupiter; DIŠ <sup>ul</sup>GU.LA ina IGI.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-šu<sub>2</sub> <sup>ul</sup>ME.GAR bi-it KA-šu<sub>2</sub> it-ta-na-an-bi-tu UR.MAḪ<sup>me</sup> IDIM<sup>me</sup> "If Jupiter shines within the Giant’s mouth during the Giant’s appearance: lions will rage" [Stev. O.T., 232:8, Pl. XVII:9-10]. |
(9) Heliacal rising of the Giant and Jupiter; DIŠ <sup>ul</sup>GU.LA ''ina'' IGI.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-šu<sub>2</sub> <sup>ul</sup>ME.GAR ''bi-it'' KA''-šu''<sub>2</sub> ''it-ta-na-an-bi-tu'' UR.MAḪ<sup>me</sup> IDIM<sup>me</sup> "If Jupiter shines within the Giant’s mouth during the Giant’s appearance: lions will rage" [Stev. O.T., 232:8, Pl. XVII:9-10]. |
||
==Historical Dictionaries== |
==Historical Dictionaries== |
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| Line 185: | Line 1,186: | ||
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, g27) |
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, g27) |
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! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950) |
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950) |
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|- |
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| |
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=== GU.LA === |
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| |
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|- |
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|= rabû «Великий, Великан»; созвездие в Водолее (Aquarius) [G. 81], см. также g25GU. |
|= rabû «Великий, Великан»; созвездие в Водолее (Aquarius) [G. 81], см. также g25GU. |
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!Kurtik 2022, g25 (GU) |
!Kurtik 2022, g25 (GU) |
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=== GU === |
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|сокращение от mulGU.LA «Великан» (см. g27); созвездие и знак зодиака, соответствующий Водолею (Aquarius), в поздних астрономических, астрологических и магических текстах [G. 71; Ungnad 1941–44, 257]. |
|сокращение от mulGU.LA «Великан» (см. g27); созвездие и знак зодиака, соответствующий Водолею (Aquarius), в поздних астрономических, астрологических и магических текстах [G. 71; Ungnad 1941–44, 257]. |
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Дневники наблюдений. 1) GU — обозначение знака зодиака Водолей [AD I–III, passim], впервые в дневнике за –384 год [AD I, 70, No. -384 Rev. 3ʹ]. 2) Как обозначение созвездия входило в названия 3 «нормальных звезд», см. m39MUL2.ŠID.MEŠ. Математическая астрономия. См. [ACT I–III; LBAT, passim]. Текст LBAT 1502 obv. múlGU — звезда Анташурра, см. sh20ŠUDUN.ANŠE. Анафора. А 3427: ina itiab ina še-rim ud 28 múlGU ki.min(=meš-ḫa im-šuḫ ZI) «В месяце тебету утром 28-го дня Великан испускает mišḫu и восходит» [Schaumberger 1955, 238:5], параллель в Sp II 202+: ina ab ina še-rim 28 múlgu.la meš-ḫu im-šuḫ ZI [ibid. 246:23]. Поздняя астрология, магия и календарь. (1) «Гороскопы». GU — обозначение знака зодиака Великан (= Водолей) [BH, passim]. (2) «Лунарии». BRM IV, 19: GU — обозначение знака зодиака Великан в зодиакальной схеме, известной под названием «додекатемория» [Ungnad 1941–44, 274–275: b, d, n, 10–13, 15, 28; Neugeb.–Sachs 1952–53]. (3) «Микрозодиак». Подразделение знака зодиака Наемный Работник(=Овен) на 12 частей: а) АО 6483: 11-i-tu4 zittu(ḫa.la) múlgu šum3-šu2 «11-я часть, ее имя Великан» [TU, 14:19; Sachs 1952, 66], b) Sp II 202+: 11-tu2 ḫa.la ša2 múllu múlgu.la ša2 múllu «11-я часть Наемника — Великан Наемника» [Schaumberger 1955, 246:24]. (4) Календарно-магические тексты. W 22704 (рецепт изготовления мази + «додекатемория»): MIN(=ŠU) 6 // GU 12 // qaqqad(SAG.DU) erî(TI8mušen) kappi(PA) MIN(= erî) u dām(UŠ2) MIN(= erî) MIN(= tapaššaš) «Дуузу 6 // Водолей 120 // Голова орла, крыло орла и кровь орла — ты намазываешь» [SpTU III, 104:6, а также 104:19]; параллель для месяца арахсамну см. W 22619/9+ [SpTU III, 105:3, 16, 29]. (5) Зодиакальная астрология. a) KI múlGU MU DUG3 DUMUmeš TUK UŠ2 A.MEŠ «Область Водолея: имя доброе, сыновей будет иметь, смерть от воды» [TU, 14:25; Hunger 1996; Sachs 1952, 66, 68], параллели см. [LBAT, 1600 obv. 13'; SpTU II, 43: 27]; см. также [Емельянов 1999, 192]. b) KI múlGU [LBAT, 1593:5'; Reiner 2000]. |
Дневники наблюдений. 1) GU — обозначение знака зодиака Водолей [AD I–III, passim], впервые в дневнике за –384 год [AD I, 70, No. -384 Rev. 3ʹ]. 2) Как обозначение созвездия входило в названия 3 «нормальных звезд», см. m39MUL2.ŠID.MEŠ. Математическая астрономия. См. [ACT I–III; LBAT, passim]. Текст LBAT 1502 obv. múlGU — звезда Анташурра, см. sh20ŠUDUN.ANŠE. Анафора. А 3427: ina itiab ina še-rim ud 28 múlGU ki.min(=meš-ḫa im-šuḫ ZI) «В месяце тебету утром 28-го дня Великан испускает mišḫu и восходит» [Schaumberger 1955, 238:5], параллель в Sp II 202+: ina ab ina še-rim 28 múlgu.la meš-ḫu im-šuḫ ZI [ibid. 246:23]. Поздняя астрология, магия и календарь. (1) «Гороскопы». GU — обозначение знака зодиака Великан (= Водолей) [BH, passim]. (2) «Лунарии». BRM IV, 19: GU — обозначение знака зодиака Великан в зодиакальной схеме, известной под названием «додекатемория» [Ungnad 1941–44, 274–275: b, d, n, 10–13, 15, 28; Neugeb.–Sachs 1952–53]. (3) «Микрозодиак». Подразделение знака зодиака Наемный Работник(=Овен) на 12 частей: а) АО 6483: 11-i-tu4 zittu(ḫa.la) múlgu šum3-šu2 «11-я часть, ее имя Великан» [TU, 14:19; Sachs 1952, 66], b) Sp II 202+: 11-tu2 ḫa.la ša2 múllu múlgu.la ša2 múllu «11-я часть Наемника — Великан Наемника» [Schaumberger 1955, 246:24]. (4) Календарно-магические тексты. W 22704 (рецепт изготовления мази + «додекатемория»): MIN(=ŠU) 6 // GU 12 // qaqqad(SAG.DU) erî(TI8mušen) kappi(PA) MIN(= erî) u dām(UŠ2) MIN(= erî) MIN(= tapaššaš) «Дуузу 6 // Водолей 120 // Голова орла, крыло орла и кровь орла — ты намазываешь» [SpTU III, 104:6, а также 104:19]; параллель для месяца арахсамну см. W 22619/9+ [SpTU III, 105:3, 16, 29]. (5) Зодиакальная астрология. a) KI múlGU MU DUG3 DUMUmeš TUK UŠ2 A.MEŠ «Область Водолея: имя доброе, сыновей будет иметь, смерть от воды» [TU, 14:25; Hunger 1996; Sachs 1952, 66, 68], параллели см. [LBAT, 1600 obv. 13'; SpTU II, 43: 27]; см. также [Емельянов 1999, 192]. b) KI múlGU [LBAT, 1593:5'; Reiner 2000]. |
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=== <sup>(mul)</sup>''Rabû'' === |
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|аккадская параллель к <sup>mul</sup>GU.LA «Великан» в Urra XXII: [<sup>mul</sup>gu.la] = ra-bu-u<sub>2</sub> [MSL XI, 49, RS Rec. A, col. iv 64], см. g27GU.LA. |
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См. также: mul ra-be<sub>2</sub>-e [ACh Suppl., 54:18]. |
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Latest revision as of 15:44, 21 November 2025
mulGU.LA (𒀯𒄖𒆷), "Great, Giant" is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism in Aquarius [G. 81]. In late epochs, the abbreviation GU was used for both the constellation and the zodiac sign; this applies to later astronomical, astrological and magical texts [G. 71; Ungnad 1941-44, 257].
Concordance, Etymology, History
Krebernik (2023)
= rabû (?) (𒊏𒁍𒌑) “great (man)” (?). This constellation is identified with Hydrochoos/Aquarius. The Greek/Latin names have no obvious relationship with their cuneiform counterpart. Tentatively, a relationship could be established if we assume that the Sumerian term was segmented (by folk etymology?) phonetically as /gul/ (cf. Akk. gullu “bowl”) and /a/ “water”. Note, however, that a MB forerunner to Hh from Emar explains [mul(.d?)GU.]LA as ni-ik-ka-ra-a[k], i.e. Ninkarrak, another name of the healing goddess Gula (Msk 74155 rev. iii’ 7’, see Arnaud 1985, V I.1, 287, and Gantzert 210,1 210; II 127). mulGU.LA (EA 2l).
Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim
- see also (Kurtik g25) GU.
- see also (Kurtik r01) (mul)Rabû
Akkadian parallel in Urra XXII:
- [mulgu.la] = ra-bu-u2 [MSL XI, 49, RS Rec. A, col. iv 64]. See also: mul ra-be2-e [ACh Suppl., 54:18].
Sources and Identification(s)
| Sources | Identifications |
|---|---|
Lexic. texts.
|
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| "Three Stars Each (Astroabes)."
Astrolabe P.
Astrolabe B.
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BM 34713.
|
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| EAE.
See. [ABCD 227, EAE 20 text k: r. 8'; 285 App. 2.4: r. 19-20; BPO 2, III 28a, 31a; BPO 3, 281; NSAM 2, 247; SpTU IV, 162 r. 18; Stev. O.T., 232:8, Pl. XVII 8]. |
|
MUL.APIN.
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"The Great Star List and Miscellenia."
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Dalbanna-text.
|
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Text W. 22281a.
|
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Late Babylonian catalog BM 46083.
|
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Late astrology, magic, and the calendar.
|
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| Kurtik (g25) GU (abbreviation) | |
Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts.
|
|
| Mathematical Astronomy.
See. [ACT I-III; LBAT, passim]. |
|
Text LBAT 1502 obv.
|
|
| Anaphora.
А 3427:
|
|
Late astrology, magic, and the calendar.
|
See also [SpTU I, 96:1; SpTU V, 270:3′].
Stars within the Constellation Area
| id | Label | IAU design. | description | Vmag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Enif | HIP 107315 | within constellation lines | 2.39 |
| 2 | Sadalsuud | HIP 106278 | within constellation lines | 2.89 |
| 3 | Sadalmelik | HIP 109074 | within constellation lines | 2.94 |
| 4 | Skat | HIP 113136 | within constellation lines | 3.28 |
| 5 | Biham | HIP 109427 | Inside the Hull | 3.55 |
| 6 | Safina | HIP 114341 | within constellation lines | 3.64 |
| 7 | ζ 1 Aquarii | HIP 110960 | Inside the Hull | 3.65 |
| 8 | γ Piscium | HIP 114971 | within constellation lines | 3.7 |
| 9 | Śatabhiṣa (शतभिषक्) | HIP 112961 | within constellation lines | 3.79 |
| 10 | Sadachbia | HIP 110395 | within constellation lines | 3.834 |
| 11 | 98 Aqr | HIP 115438 | within constellation lines | 3.98 |
| 12 | τ 2 Aquarii | HIP 112716 | within constellation lines | 3.98 |
| 13 | η Aquarii | HIP 111497 | within constellation lines | 4.03 |
| 14 | ι Piscium | HIP 116771 | within constellation lines | 4.12 |
| 15 | Ancha | HIP 110003 | within constellation lines | 4.16 |
| 16 | ϕ Aquarii | HIP 114724 | within constellation lines | 4.22 |
| 17 | ψ 1 Aquarii | HIP 114855 | within constellation lines | 4.25 |
| 18 | ι Aquarii | HIP 109139 | within constellation lines | 4.27 |
| 19 | * zet02 Aqr | HIP 110960 | within constellation lines | 4.34 |
| 20 | ψ 2 Aquarii | HIP 115033 | within constellation lines | 4.4 |
| 21 | 30 Psc | HIP 154 | within constellation lines | 4.41 |
| 22 | 7 Cet | HIP 1170 | within constellation lines | 4.46 |
| 23 | ω 2 Aquarii | HIP 116971 | within constellation lines | 4.484 |
| 24 | * zet01 Aqr | HIP 110960 | Inside the Hull | 4.49 |
| 25 | λ Piscium | HIP 116928 | Inside the Hull | 4.51 |
| 26 | Fumalsamakah | HIP 113889 | Inside the Hull | 4.52 |
| 27 | Hydor (ὕδωρ) | HIP 301 | Inside the Hull | 4.536 |
| 28 | π Aquarii | HIP 110672 | within constellation lines | 4.64 |
| 29 | ο Aquarii | HIP 108874 | Inside the Hull | 4.69 |
| 30 | 35 Peg | HIP 110882 | Inside the Hull | 4.8 |
| 31 | σ Aquarii | HIP 111123 | Inside the Hull | 4.81 |
| 32 | 104 Aqr A | HIP 116901 | within constellation lines | 4.83 |
| 33 | ν Pegasi | HIP 109068 | Inside the Hull | 4.84 |
| 34 | 27 Psc | HIP 118209 | within constellation lines | 4.886 |
| 35 | 6 Cet | HIP 910 | within constellation lines | 4.89 |
| 36 | 3 Cet | HIP 355 | within constellation lines | 4.924 |
| 37 | κ Piscium | HIP 115738 | Inside the Hull | 4.94 |
| 38 | ω 1 Aquarii | HIP 116758 | Inside the Hull | 4.977 |
| 39 | ψ 3 Aquarii | HIP 115115 | Inside the Hull | 5.003 |
| 40 | Situla | HIP 111710 | Inside the Hull | 5.03 |
| 41 | χ Aquarii | HIP 114939 | Inside the Hull | 5.06 |
| 42 | 7 Psc | HIP 115227 | Inside the Hull | 5.069 |
| 43 | 25 Aqr | HIP 106944 | Inside the Hull | 5.1 |
| 44 | 94 Aqr A | HIP 115126 | Inside the Hull | 5.18 |
| 45 | 108 Aqr | HIP 117629 | Inside the Hull | 5.18 |
| 46 | 97 Aqr | HIP 115404 | Inside the Hull | 5.22 |
| 47 | 106 Aqr | HIP 117089 | Inside the Hull | 5.239 |
| 48 | 258 G. Aqr | HIP 116957 | Inside the Hull | 5.257 |
| 49 | 18 G. Cet | HIP 983 | Inside the Hull | 5.265 |
| 50 | 32 Aqr | HIP 108991 | Inside the Hull | 5.271 |
| 51 | 7 Peg | HIP 107151 | Inside the Hull | 5.301 |
| 52 | 42 Aqr | HIP 110000 | Inside the Hull | 5.333 |
| 53 | ρ Aquarii | HIP 110273 | Inside the Hull | 5.339 |
| 54 | 103 Aqr | HIP 116889 | Inside the Hull | 5.344 |
| 55 | 30 Peg | HIP 110298 | Inside the Hull | 5.37 |
| 56 | 38 Aqr | HIP 109472 | Inside the Hull | 5.422 |
| 57 | 2 Psc | HIP 113521 | Inside the Hull | 5.426 |
| 58 | 5 Psc | HIP 114273 | Inside the Hull | 5.43 |
| 59 | 83 Aqr | HIP 113996 | Inside the Hull | 5.47 |
| 60 | 20 Psc | HIP 117375 | Inside the Hull | 5.49 |
| 61 | 30 Aqr | HIP 108868 | Inside the Hull | 5.543 |
| 62 | 217 G. Aqr | HIP 114822 | Inside the Hull | 5.55 |
| 63 | - | HIP 115142 | Inside the Hull | 5.55 |
| 64 | 77 Aqr | HIP 113148 | Inside the Hull | 5.56 |
| 65 | 28 Aqr | HIP 108691 | Inside the Hull | 5.597 |
| 66 | * i02 Aqr A | HIP 117218 | Inside the Hull | 5.616 |
| 67 | 11 Peg | HIP 107575 | Inside the Hull | 5.624 |
| 68 | 19 Peg | HIP 108699 | Inside the Hull | 5.633 |
| 69 | 26 Aqr | HIP 107144 | Inside the Hull | 5.641 |
| 70 | - | HIP 116591 | Inside the Hull | 5.654 |
| 71 | 16 Psc | HIP 116495 | Inside the Hull | 5.68 |
| 72 | τ 1 Aquarii | HIP 112542 | Inside the Hull | 5.681 |
| 73 | 269 G. Aqr | HIP 117567 | Inside the Hull | 5.691 |
| 74 | * 37 Peg A | HIP 111062 | Inside the Hull | 5.7 |
| 75 | 94 G. Aqr | HIP 108102 | Inside the Hull | 5.704 |
| 76 | 264 G. Aqr | HIP 117314 | Inside the Hull | 5.731 |
| 77 | - | HIP 117756 | Inside the Hull | 5.747 |
| 78 | 44 Aqr | HIP 110023 | Inside the Hull | 5.751 |
| 79 | 50 Aqr | HIP 110602 | Inside the Hull | 5.752 |
| 80 | - | HIP 113184 | Inside the Hull | 5.757 |
| 81 | 7 G. Cet | HIP 343 | Inside the Hull | 5.769 |
| 82 | 80 G. Aqr | HIP 106592 | Inside the Hull | 5.778 |
| 83 | 51 Aqr | HIP 110578 | Inside the Hull | 5.779 |
| 84 | 74 Aqr | HIP 113031 | Inside the Hull | 5.78 |
| 85 | - | HIP 110009 | Inside the Hull | 5.791 |
| 86 | 34 Peg | HIP 110785 | Inside the Hull | 5.81 |
| 87 | 11 G. Psc | HIP 113622 | Inside the Hull | 5.848 |
| 88 | 271 G. Aqr | HIP 117722 | Inside the Hull | 5.848 |
| 89 | 14 Psc | HIP 116323 | Inside the Hull | 5.87 |
| 90 | 60 Aqr | HIP 111394 | Inside the Hull | 5.875 |
| 91 | 138 G. Aqr | HIP 110532 | Inside the Hull | 5.907 |
| 92 | - | HR 8716 | Inside the Hull | 5.92 |
| 93 | 255 G. Aqr | HIP 116853 | Inside the Hull | 5.92 |
| 94 | 202 G. Aqr | HIP 113686 | Inside the Hull | 5.933 |
| 95 | 268 G. Aqr | HIP 117541 | Inside the Hull | 5.936 |
| 96 | 225 G. Aqr | HIP 115144 | Inside the Hull | 5.94 |
| 97 | 24 Psc | HIP 117761 | Inside the Hull | 5.94 |
| 98 | 246 G. Aqr | HIP 116368 | Inside the Hull | 5.944 |
| 99 | 45 Aqr | HIP 110179 | Inside the Hull | 5.959 |
| 100 | - | HIP 109466 | Inside the Hull | 5.98 |
| 101 | 18 Peg | HIP 108612 | Inside the Hull | 6 |
| 102 | 39 Aqr | HIP 109624 | Inside the Hull | 6.043 |
| 103 | - | HIP 117420 | Inside the Hull | 6.069 |
| 104 | 198 G. Aqr | HIP 113531 | Inside the Hull | 6.1 |
| 105 | 1 Psc | HIP 113167 | Inside the Hull | 6.11 |
| 106 | - | HIP 114750 | Inside the Hull | 6.12 |
| 107 | CF Cet | HIP 696 | Inside the Hull | 6.13 |
| 108 | 155 G. Aqr | HIP 111171 | Inside the Hull | 6.139 |
| 109 | 13 G. Peg | HIP 108090 | Inside the Hull | 6.143 |
| 110 | 128 G. Aqr | HIP 109984 | Inside the Hull | 6.143 |
| 111 | - | HIP 113998 | Inside the Hull | 6.143 |
| 112 | - | HIP 111170 | Inside the Hull | 6.16 |
| 113 | 31 G. Peg | HIP 110341 | Inside the Hull | 6.163 |
| 114 | - | HIP 113421 | Inside the Hull | 6.163 |
| 115 | 89 G. Aqr | HIP 107596 | Inside the Hull | 6.168 |
| 116 | - | HIP 115257 | Inside the Hull | 6.172 |
| 117 | 70 Aqr | HIP 112615 | Inside the Hull | 6.18 |
| 118 | 78 Aqr | HIP 113127 | Inside the Hull | 6.181 |
| 119 | 234 G. Aqr | HIP 115528 | Inside the Hull | 6.186 |
| 120 | 238 G. Aqr | HIP 115906 | Inside the Hull | 6.191 |
| 121 | 29 G. Peg | HIP 109939 | Inside the Hull | 6.192 |
| 122 | 82 Aqr | HIP 113781 | Inside the Hull | 6.2 |
| 123 | 10 G. Cet | HIP 602 | Inside the Hull | 6.203 |
| 124 | 266 G. Aqr | HIP 117494 | Inside the Hull | 6.213 |
| 125 | - | HIP 106758 | Inside the Hull | 6.214 |
| 126 | 81 Aqr | HIP 113674 | Inside the Hull | 6.215 |
| 127 | 98 G. Aqr | HIP 108506 | Inside the Hull | 6.22 |
| 128 | 3 Psc | HIP 113610 | Inside the Hull | 6.224 |
| 129 | - | HIP 108144 | Inside the Hull | 6.23 |
| 130 | - | HIP 111761 | Inside the Hull | 6.244 |
| 131 | 9 Psc | HIP 115768 | Inside the Hull | 6.25 |
| 132 | - | HIP 115953 | Inside the Hull | 6.25 |
| 133 | 1 Cet | HIP 118178 | Inside the Hull | 6.276 |
| 134 | 115 G. Aqr | HIP 109442 | Inside the Hull | 6.282 |
| 135 | 5 G. Psc | HIP 113360 | Inside the Hull | 6.282 |
| 136 | - | HIP 111965 | Inside the Hull | 6.31 |
| 137 | 197 G. Aqr | HIP 113345 | Inside the Hull | 6.313 |
| 138 | - | HIP 115015 | Inside the Hull | 6.327 |
| 139 | 96 G. Aqr | HIP 108453 | Inside the Hull | 6.331 |
| 140 | 24 G. Psc | HIP 115476 | Inside the Hull | 6.34 |
| 141 | 30 G. Psc | HIP 115945 | Inside the Hull | 6.34 |
| 142 | 56 Aqr | HIP 111086 | Inside the Hull | 6.347 |
| 143 | 7 G. Psc | HIP 113433 | Inside the Hull | 6.374 |
| 144 | 237 G. Aqr | HIP 115839 | Inside the Hull | 6.375 |
| 145 | - | HIP 110091 | Inside the Hull | 6.379 |
| 146 | 189 G. Aqr | HIP 113080 | Inside the Hull | 6.38 |
| 147 | 251 G. Aqr | HIP 116624 | Inside the Hull | 6.38 |
| 148 | 58 Aqr | HIP 111200 | Inside the Hull | 6.381 |
| 149 | 13 Psc | HIP 116146 | Inside the Hull | 6.384 |
| 150 | 16 G. Psc | HIP 114005 | Inside the Hull | 6.388 |
| 151 | 240 G. Aqr | HIP 116060 | Inside the Hull | 6.391 |
| 152 | 121 G. Aqr | HIP 109647 | Inside the Hull | 6.4 |
| 153 | 152 G. Aqr | HIP 111066 | Inside the Hull | 6.4 |
| 154 | 67 Aqr | HIP 112179 | Inside the Hull | 6.405 |
| 155 | 248 G. Aqr | HIP 116428 | Inside the Hull | 6.407 |
| 156 | 15 G. Psc | HIP 113904 | Inside the Hull | 6.417 |
| 157 | * i02 Aqr B | HIP 117218 | Inside the Hull | 6.42 |
| 158 | 213 G. Aqr | HIP 114371 | Inside the Hull | 6.43 |
| 159 | - | HIP 112168 | Inside the Hull | 6.45 |
| 160 | 13 G. Psc | HIP 113705 | Inside the Hull | 6.45 |
| 161 | - | HR 8629 | Inside the Hull | 6.46 |
| 162 | 15 Psc | HIP 116422 | Inside the Hull | 6.463 |
| 163 | 10 G. Peg | HIP 107271 | Inside the Hull | 6.47 |
| 164 | - | HIP 116106 | Inside the Hull | 6.49 |
Additional
II. Deity.
A mythological character from the entourage of Enki/Ea (later Marduk), possibly one of the sons of Enki (= dLaḫmu, lit. "Covered with hair, hairy"). A male nude figure with a beard and six locks, depicted in full-face. For arguments in favor of identifying "dLaḫmu = Hairy One, Naked Hero, Sechslockiger Held" see [Green 1983; Wiggermer 1983; Wiggermer 1983]. See [Green 1983; Wiggermann 1981-82; 1992 XI, 164-166]; for a detailed analysis of the difficulties associated with this identification, see [Ellis 1995]. This appears on the seals from the epoch of the First Dynasty of Ur. Initially he was correlated with the river spirit, who tamed wild animals and protected livestock. His name is mentioned in the list of 50 servants of Enki. He is also either depicted with a jug, from which pours out water, or simply together with two streams of water. He also was associated with the gatekeeper and or the guardian of the gate. After being included as one of Marduk's entourage, he was attributed with a shovel [Amiet 1963, Pl. 81, 98; Porada 1987; Kononenko 1997, 95; Wiggermann 1981-82; 1992 165-166].
Prayers and rituals.
- (1) The ritual of the "washing of the mouth" (mīs pî) or the "revival" of the statue-deity, see (Kurtik k24) KU6.
III. Symbol.
A male standing or sitting on a throne, from whose shoulders (or from a jug pressed unto his chest) flows two streams of water (in which fish are sometimes depicted). This symbol is known from Old Akkadian times and in most cases represents the god Enki/Ea or the naked hairy hero Lahmu who was also depicted with two streams of water [Van Buren 1945, 124-133; Seidl 1968, 130-131; Braun-Holzinger 1996, 328-332; Wiggermann 1992, 156, 188 fig. 1]. E. Porada considers the figure of the naked hero as a prototype of the zodiacal constellation mulGU.LA. Its relatively huge size on the seals of the 3rd millennium BC justifies the name GU.LA "Giant". Originally the figure was a standing nude, or horizontally positioned figure, during the 1st millennium B.C. — dressed figure. Some depictions, during the Old Babylonian period, undoubtedly have astral significance, as they show the month and stars on both sides of the head [Porada 1987, Fig. 1, 12-16; Kurtik 2007, Fig. 39, 40], see also [Kurtik 1998, 33; AUWE 19, 31, 155]. Two streams of water end sometimes in two jugs; hence, apparently, is derived the name, "front and back vessels of the Giant." For images on kudurru and Hellenistic seals see. [AUWE 19, no. 126-141; Seidl 1968, 41, Abb. 10; Kurtik 2007, figs. 41-43]. It is difficult to explain the mention of the Giant's spine in BM 34452+ (see above).
IV. Identification.
= Aquarius [Waerden 1949, 13; 1952-53, 219; 1974, 70; Weidner 1957-59, 73a; BPO 2, 12; MA, 138; Mesop.Astrol., 207, App. C; ASM, 273; Horowitz 2014, 246].
V. Constellation parts and individual stars.
(1) qup-pu IGI ša2 GU "Anterior reservoir of the Giant" (probably ψ1 + ψ2 + ψ3 Aquarii),
(2) qup-pu ar2 ša2 GU "Hind reservoir of the Giant" (identification unknown),
Asterisms (1) and (2) were among the "normal stars" and used in the “Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts,” see (Kurtik m39) MUL2.ŠID.MEŠ.
(3) GU2.MURGU múlGU.LA "Spine of the Giant", see BM 34452+ "Dodecatemoria".
(4) "Mouth of the Giant," see below (9).
VI. Astrology.
Identifications:
(1) = Venus; ulgu.la is the name of Venus in the month of kislimu [ACh Ištar, 8:2], see (Kurtik d06) Dilbat, "Tablet of Dilbat".
(2) = Jupiter; DIŠ UD.28.KAM2 u3 29.KAM2 KA´MI-ma mulGAL: mulGU.LA ina [A2-šu2 GUB] "If on the 28th and 29th day (of the month of adar, the Sun) darkens (and) the Great Star (i.e. Jupiter?) = the Giant on [stands on its side]" [ACh Šamaš, 11:72].
(3) = Yoke; mulŠUDUN = mulGU.LA, see (Kurtik s24) SUḪUR.MAŠ2, VI 3.
Predictions:
(4) Eclipse of the Moon in the Giant; AN.MI ina mulxGU.LA GAR-ma "An eclipse occured in the Giant." [ABCD, 227, text k:8′], DIŠ ina iti˹x UD.14.KAM˺ AN.MI 30 GAR-ma KA´MI-su TU [...] ina mulxGU.LA AN.MI GAR-ma "If on the 14th [x] the Moon eclipses, (and) it darkens, [...], (this means): the eclipse occurred in the Giant" [ABCD, 285, BM 47447 r. 18-19], see also [SpTU IV, 162 r. 18]. DIŠ ina KI mulGU.LA u2-lu mulSUḪUR.MAŠ2ku6 a-dir EŠ.BAR NUNki u2-lu uru dID2 "If (the Moon) eclipses within the Giant or Goat-Fish: solution for Eridu or the city dID2" [Weidner 1963, 118, MNB 1849:44 + Anm. 44], see also [NSAM 2, 54, IIa:1′].
(5) The Giant and the eclipse of the moon; (DIŠ) múlGU.LA a-dir 30 ina EN.NUN U4.ZAL.LA AN.MI GAR-ma "(If) the Giant is dark: the lunar eclipse will occur in the morning watch" [TU, 11:2].
(6) Heliacal rising(?); mulGU.LA mulAL.LUL mul[TI8]mušen dUD.AL.TAR dSAG.ME.GAR ina UD ŠU2 EN MUL LU KUR-ma "The Giant, Crab, [Eagle], Heroic, (i.e.) Jupiter in a cloudy day .... heliacally rises" [BPO 2, III 28a].
(7) Venus or Jupiter becomeds weak; DIŠ mulGU.LA ŠUB-ut [dDil]-bat mulSAG.ME.GAR u2-tan-na-at2-ma KI.MIN ina AN-e uḫ-ḫar-ma NU IGI "If the Giant (Great Star?) falls, (this means): [Ve]nus (or) Jupiter becomes faint, variant: are behind the sky and not visible" [BPO 3, 248, K.2346+: r. 52].
(8) The Moon and the Giant; [DIŠ 30 ina] IGI.LA2-šu2 ina SI ZAG-šu2 mulGU.LA GUB ina ITI BI [...] "[If the Moon], during its appearance, (and) the Giant stands on the moon’s right horn: during this month [...]", [DIŠ 30 ina IGI.L]A2-šu2 ina SI GUB3-šu2 mulGU.LA GUB SAL.KUR2. KUR2 [...] "[If the Moon during its appearance] (and) the Giant stands on the moon’s left horn: war [...]", [DIŠ 30 ina IGI.LA2-š]u2 ina ŠA3-bi-šu2 mulGU.LA GUB LUGAL ŠU2 GIŠ.GU.Z[A...] "[If the Moon during its appearance] (and) the Giant stands in the moon’s middle: the king of all thrones [...]". [NSAM 2, 162, Text Vu: r. 16′-18′].
(9) Heliacal rising of the Giant and Jupiter; DIŠ ulGU.LA ina IGI.DU8.A-šu2 ulME.GAR bi-it KA-šu2 it-ta-na-an-bi-tu UR.MAḪme IDIMme "If Jupiter shines within the Giant’s mouth during the Giant’s appearance: lions will rage" [Stev. O.T., 232:8, Pl. XVII:9-10].
Historical Dictionaries
Kurtik (2007) |
Gössmann (1950) |
| Kurtik (2022, g27) | Gössmann (1950) |
|---|---|
GU.LA |
|
| = rabû «Великий, Великан»; созвездие в Водолее (Aquarius) [G. 81], см. также g25GU.
I. Источники. Лексич. тексты. (1) Шумерский список из Ниппура: mulgu.la [MSL XI, 107:389]. (2) Cерия Urra XXII: mulgu.la = (пропуск) [MSL XI, 30:25a'], [mulgu.la] = ra-bu-u2 [ibid., 49, RS Rec. A:64], mulgu.la = ŠU [SpTU III, 114A v 60], возможная параллель [mulgu.la] = ŠU [MSL XI, 31, Section 11 col. v 2; Bloch–Horowitz 2015, 111:320ʹ]. «Астролябии». Astrolabe P. Месяц тебету, звезды Эа, 140 [Pinches 1900, 575]. Astrolabe B. (1) Cписок (3´12): [itiab m]ulgu.la šu-ut dE2-a «Месяц тебету: Великан (на пути) Эа (восходит)» (C i 10). (2) Список (восход–заход=6m): a) itiab mulgu.la mulal-lu-ut-tum multi8mušen ˹e3˺ «Тебету: Великан, Краб, Орел восходят» (С 31), b) [mu]l<<ur>>.gu.la mulal-lu-ut-tum multi8mušen [šu2] «(Дуузу): Великан, Краб, Орел [заходят]» [KAV 218, C 20; Horowitz 2014, 37, 40]. BM 82923. Месяц тебету, звезды Эа: mulGU.LA // 2,20 // dEN BE dE2-a «Великан // 140 // Господин источников, Эа» [Walker–Hunger 1977, 30:28]. BM 34713. itiab // 2,20 múlgu.la // 1,0 múlud.ka.du8.a // 30 múl[uz3] «Тебету: 140 Великан, 60 Демон с Разинутой Пастью, 30 [Коза]» [LBAT, 1499:10]. Звезды Эа, Ану и Энлиля. 12 звезд Эа (№ 1): mulgu.la [CT 33, 9 r. 15; MCG 176]. EAE. См. [ABCD 227, EAE 20 text k: r. 8'; 285 App. 2.4: r. 19–20; BPO 2, III 28a, 31a; BPO 3, 281; NSAM 2, 247; SpTU IV, 162 r. 18; Stev. O.T., 232:8, Pl. XVII 8]. MUL.APIN. (1) Звезды Эа (№ 2): mulGU.LA dE2-a «Великан, Эа» (I ii 20). (2) Даты гелиакических восходов: «5-го шабату» (I iii 10), см. a48AŠ.GAN2. (3) Одновременные суточные восходы и заходы: а) (I iii 18), см. a04A2mušen, b) (I iii 31), см. a48AŠ.GAN2. (4) Звезды «на пути Луны»: mulGU.LA, после mulSUḪUR.MAŠ2, перед KUNmeš (I iv 36), см. s20Sîn [MA, 35, 46, 48, 52, 68]. «Большой список звезд». 12 звезд Элама: mulgu.la [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:205]. Dalbanna-текст. §aa. ˹mul˺gu.la muleme ur.gi7 mulSAR U5 x […] 3 mul.meš gu si.sa2 dub2.ba 2 dal.ba.an.n[a dal.ba.an.na mul] x x […] «Великан (α Lyr?), язык Пса (τ Her), mulSAR U5 x […] (γ Ser): 3 звезды. Прямая туго натянутая веревка. 2 интервал[а, интервал. Звезда] x x […]» [Walker 1995, 41; ASM, 111]; согласно [Koch 1995, 51, 64], ˹mul˺gu.la = ˹mul˺(d)Gu-la «(богиня целительница) Гула» (α Lyr), mulSAR U5 = mulsar.u5 (βγικρ Caput Serpentis). Текст W. 22281a. ina itiGU4 UD 15 KAM2 KI KUR [ša dŠamaš…] / u mulGU.LA šit-qu-lu ina it[iA]PIN [ina] l[i-l]a-a-tu2 KI ŠU2 ša2 dŠ[amaš ŠU.BI.AŠ.AM3] «15-го айяру при восходе [Солнца…] и Великан в равновесии (= кульминируют). В (месяце) арахсамну вечером при заходе Сол[нца имеет место то же самое]» [SpTU I, 95:3'–4'; ASM, 99]. Поздневавилонский каталог BM 46083. qu2–up–[pu …] «[Передняя] емко[сть Великана …]». b) ˹qu2?˺–[…] «[Задняя] ем[кость Великана]» [Roughton–Steele–Walker 2004, 564:12′–13′]. Поздняя астрология, магия и календарь. (1) «Лунарии». а) BRM IV, 20: ki mulgu.la «Область Великана (=Водолея)» [Ungnad 1941–44, 258–259: 2, 4, 13, 23, 24, 25, 35]. b) BRM IV, 19, см. g25GU. (2) «Микрозодиак». a) Подразделение знака зодиака Наемный Работник (Овен) на 12 частей, см. g25GU. b) Подразделение знака зодиака Лев на 12 частей: 7–я часть — mulgu.la [Weidner 1967, 16–17, Taf. 6: VAT 7847]. (3) «Додекатемория». BM 34452+: a) [11 10 // 3 10 // Sin …] múlGU.LA / [….] Eri–du10 «[Тебету 10 // симану 10 // Луна …] Великан. / […] Эриду». b) 5 24 // 3 12 // Sin ina GU2.MURGU múlGU.LA / KI múlSIPA GUB E2 dGAŠAN.EDIN «Абу 24 // симану 12 // Луна на позвоночнике? Великана. / Область Праведного Пастуха Ану (= Сатурн, согласно Хунгеру), место дома dGAŠAN.EDIN (= Госпожа Эруа?)» [LBAT, 1586 + 1567; Hunger 1975, 41:19–20, rev. 3–4]. (4) Предсказания цен на злаки по положениям планет относительно зодиакальных созвездий и другим явлениям: múlGU.LA [SpTU I, 94, passim]. (5) Зодиакальная астрология. KI múlGU.LA a–lid … «В области Водолея родился…» [LBAT, 1593 rev. 10′; Reiner 2000]. (6) Предсказания, основанные на наблюдениях затмений Луны и положений Луны и планет относительно знаков зодиака. BM 36746+: KI mulGU.LA [Rochberg-Halton 1984, 134:17′], см. s20Sîn. См. также [SpTU I, 96:1; SpTU V, 270:3']. II. Божество. Мифологический персонаж из окружения Энки/Эа (позднее — Мардука), возможно, один из сыновей Энки (= dLaḫmu, букв. «Покрытый волосами, волосатый»). Мужская обнаженная фигура с бородой и шестью локонами, изображавшаяся в фас. Аргументы в пользу отождествления «dLaḫmu = Покрытый волосами обнаженный герой (Hairy One, Naked Hero, Sechslockiger Held)» см. [Green 1983; Wiggermann 1981–82; 1992 XI, 164–166]; подробный анализ трудностей, связанных с этим отождествлением, см. [Ellis 1995]. На печатях появляется с эпохи I династии Ура. Первоначально имел значение речного духа, приручающего диких зверей и оберегающего домашний скот. Его имя упоминается в списке 50 слуг Энки. Изображался также с кувшином, из которого изливается вода, или просто с двумя потоками воды. Имел значение привратника и охранителя ворот. После включения в свиту Мардука, его атрибутом становится лопата [Amiet 1963, Pl. 81, 98; Porada 1987; Кононенко 1997, 95; Wiggermann 1981–82; 1992 165–166]. Молитвы и ритуалы. (1) Ритуал «омовения рта» (mīs pî) или «оживления» статуи–божества, см. k24KU6. III. Символ. Мужская стоящая или сидящая на троне фигура, из плеч которой (или из кувшина, прижатого к груди) изливаются два потока воды (в которых иногда изображаются рыбы). Символ известен со староаккадского времени и в большинстве случаев представляет бога Энки/Эа, либо обнаженного волосатого героя Лахму, который изображался также с двумя потоками воды [Van Buren 1945, 124–133; Seidl 1968, 130–131; Braun–Holzinger 1996, 328–332; Wiggermann 1992, 156, 188 fig. 1]. Э.Порада рассматривает фигуру обнаженного героя как прообраз зодиакального созвездия mulGU.LA. Его относительно огромные размеры на печатях III тыс. до н.э. оправдывают название GU.LA «Великан». Первоначально это была обнаженная стоящая или расположенная горизонтально фигура, в I тыс. до н.э. — одетая фигура. Некоторые изображения старовавилонского времени имеют несомненно астральное значение, так как по обе стороны головы на них изображены месяц и звезды [Porada 1987, Fig. 1, 12–16; Куртик 2007, рис. 39, 40], см. также [Куртик 1998, 33; AUWE 19, 31, 155]. Два потока воды заканчиваются иногда в двух кувшинах; отсюда происходит, по–видимому, название «передняя и задняя емкости Великана». Изображения на кудурру и эллинистических печатях см. [AUWE 19, No. 126–141; Seidl 1968, 41, Abb. 10; Куртик 2007, рис. 41–43]. Труднообъяснимо упоминание позвоночника Великана в BM 34452+ (см. выше). IV. Отождествление. = Aquarius [Waerden 1949, 13; 1952–53, 219; 1974, 70; Weidner 1957–59, 73a; BPO 2, 12; MA, 138; Mesop.Astrol., 207, App. C; ASM, 273; Horowitz 2014, 246]. V. Части созвездия и отдельные звезды. (1) qup–pu IGI ša2 GU «Передняя емкость Великана» (вероятно, ψ1 + ψ2 + ψ3 Aquarii), (2) qup–pu ar2 ša2 GU «Задняя емкость Великана» (отождествление неизвестно), Астеризмы (1) и (2) входили в число «нормальных звезд» и использовались в «Дневниках наблюдений», см. m39MUL2.ŠID.MEŠ. (3) GU2.MURGU múlGU.LA «Позвоночник Великана», см. BM 34452+ «Додекатемория». (4) «Рот Великана», см. ниже (9). VI. Астрология. Отождествления: (1) = Венера; ulgu.la — название Венеры в месяце кислиму [ACh Ištar, 8:2], см. d06Dilbat, «Таблица Дилбат». (2) = Юпитер; DIŠ UD.28.KAM2 u3 29.KAM2 KA´MI-ma mulGAL: mulGU.LA ina [A2-šu2 GUB] «Если в 28–й и 29–й день (месяца аддару Солнце) затмилось (и) Большая звезда (т.е. Юпитер?) = Великан с [его стороны стоит]» [ACh Šamaš, 11:72]. (3) = Ярмо; mulŠUDUN = mulGU.LA, см. s24SUḪUR.MAŠ2, VI 3. Предсказания: (4) Затмение Луны в Великане; AN.MI ina mulxGU.LA GAR-ma «Затмение в Великане произошло» [ABCD, 227, text k:8′], DIŠ ina iti˹x UD.14.KAM˺ AN.MI 30 GAR-ma KA´MI-su TU […] ina mulxGU.LA AN.MI GAR-ma «Если 14-го [x] произошло затмение Луны, (и) она затмившейся зашла […], (это означает): затмение произошло в Великане» [ABCD, 285, BM 47447 r. 18–19], см. также [SpTU IV, 162 r. 18]. DIŠ ina KI mulGU.LA u2-lu mulSUḪUR.MAŠ2ku6 a-dir EŠ.BAR NUNki u2-lu uru dID2 «Если (Луна) в пределах Великана или Козы–Рыбы затмилась: решение для Эриду или города dID2» [Weidner 1963, 118, MNB 1849:44 + Anm. 44], см. также [NSAM 2, 54, IIa:1′]. (5) Великан и затмение Луны; (DIŠ) múlGU.LA a-dir 30 ina EN.NUN U4.ZAL.LA AN.MI GAR-ma «(Если) Великан темный: лунное затмение произойдет в утреннюю стражу» [TU, 11:2]. (6) Гелиакический восход(?); mulGU.LA mulAL.LUL mul[TI8]mušen dUD.AL.TAR dSAG.ME.GAR ina UD ŠU2 EN MUL LU KUR-ma «Великан, Краб, [Орел], Героический, (т.е.) Юпитер в облачный день …. восходят гелиакически» [BPO 2, III 28a]. (7) Венера или Юпитер становятся слабыми; DIŠ mulGU.LA ŠUB-ut [dDil]-bat mulSAG.ME.GAR u2-tan-na-at2-ma KI.MIN ina AN-e uḫ-ḫar-ma NU IGI «Если Великан (Великая звезда?) падает, (это означает): [Ве]нера (или) Юпитер становятся слабыми, вариант: находятся на небе позади и не видны» [BPO 3, 248, K.2346+: r. 52]. (8) Луна и Великан; [DIŠ 30 ina] IGI.LA2-šu2 ina SI ZAG-šu2 mulGU.LA GUB ina ITI BI […] «[Если Луна] при своем появлении (и) Великан на ее правом роге стоит: в этом месяце […]», [DIŠ 30 ina IGI.L]A2-šu2 ina SI GUB3-šu2 mulGU.LA GUB SAL.KUR2.KUR2 […] «[Если Луна при своем появле]нии (и) Великан на ее левом роге стоит: война […]», [DIŠ 30 ina IGI.LA2-š]u2 ina ŠA3-bi-šu2 mulGU.LA GUB LUGAL ŠU2 GIŠ.GU.Z[A…] «[Если Луна при своем появлении] (и) Великан в ее середине стоит: царь всего трон […]» [NSAM 2, 162, Text Vu: r. 16′–18′]. (9) Гелиакический восход Великана и Юпитер; DIŠ ulGU.LA ina IGI.DU8.A-šu2 ulME.GAR bi-it KA-šu2 it-ta-na-an-bi-tu UR.MAḪme IDIMme «Если при появлении Великана Юпитер сияет в области его рта: львы будут неистовствовать» [Stev. O.T., 232:8, Pl. XVII:9–10]. |
Example |
| Kurtik 2022, g25 (GU) | |
GU |
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| сокращение от mulGU.LA «Великан» (см. g27); созвездие и знак зодиака, соответствующий Водолею (Aquarius), в поздних астрономических, астрологических и магических текстах [G. 71; Ungnad 1941–44, 257].
I. Источники. Дневники наблюдений. 1) GU — обозначение знака зодиака Водолей [AD I–III, passim], впервые в дневнике за –384 год [AD I, 70, No. -384 Rev. 3ʹ]. 2) Как обозначение созвездия входило в названия 3 «нормальных звезд», см. m39MUL2.ŠID.MEŠ. Математическая астрономия. См. [ACT I–III; LBAT, passim]. Текст LBAT 1502 obv. múlGU — звезда Анташурра, см. sh20ŠUDUN.ANŠE. Анафора. А 3427: ina itiab ina še-rim ud 28 múlGU ki.min(=meš-ḫa im-šuḫ ZI) «В месяце тебету утром 28-го дня Великан испускает mišḫu и восходит» [Schaumberger 1955, 238:5], параллель в Sp II 202+: ina ab ina še-rim 28 múlgu.la meš-ḫu im-šuḫ ZI [ibid. 246:23]. Поздняя астрология, магия и календарь. (1) «Гороскопы». GU — обозначение знака зодиака Великан (= Водолей) [BH, passim]. (2) «Лунарии». BRM IV, 19: GU — обозначение знака зодиака Великан в зодиакальной схеме, известной под названием «додекатемория» [Ungnad 1941–44, 274–275: b, d, n, 10–13, 15, 28; Neugeb.–Sachs 1952–53]. (3) «Микрозодиак». Подразделение знака зодиака Наемный Работник(=Овен) на 12 частей: а) АО 6483: 11-i-tu4 zittu(ḫa.la) múlgu šum3-šu2 «11-я часть, ее имя Великан» [TU, 14:19; Sachs 1952, 66], b) Sp II 202+: 11-tu2 ḫa.la ša2 múllu múlgu.la ša2 múllu «11-я часть Наемника — Великан Наемника» [Schaumberger 1955, 246:24]. (4) Календарно-магические тексты. W 22704 (рецепт изготовления мази + «додекатемория»): MIN(=ŠU) 6 // GU 12 // qaqqad(SAG.DU) erî(TI8mušen) kappi(PA) MIN(= erî) u dām(UŠ2) MIN(= erî) MIN(= tapaššaš) «Дуузу 6 // Водолей 120 // Голова орла, крыло орла и кровь орла — ты намазываешь» [SpTU III, 104:6, а также 104:19]; параллель для месяца арахсамну см. W 22619/9+ [SpTU III, 105:3, 16, 29]. (5) Зодиакальная астрология. a) KI múlGU MU DUG3 DUMUmeš TUK UŠ2 A.MEŠ «Область Водолея: имя доброе, сыновей будет иметь, смерть от воды» [TU, 14:25; Hunger 1996; Sachs 1952, 66, 68], параллели см. [LBAT, 1600 obv. 13'; SpTU II, 43: 27]; см. также [Емельянов 1999, 192]. b) KI múlGU [LBAT, 1593:5'; Reiner 2000]. |
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| Kurtik (2022, r01) | |
(mul)Rabû |
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| аккадская параллель к mulGU.LA «Великан» в Urra XXII: [mulgu.la] = ra-bu-u2 [MSL XI, 49, RS Rec. A, col. iv 64], см. g27GU.LA.
См. также: mul ra-be2-e [ACh Suppl., 54:18]. |




