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<sup>mul</sup>MUŠEN (𒀯𒄷) = <sup>mul</sup>''iṣṣuru'' (𒀯𒄑𒍮𒊒)'','' 'The Bird' is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism, or perhaps full constellation. It only occurs in rather late texts, and is likely an uninformed description of the constellation now called [[Corvus]], Babylonian [[UGA]].
<sup>mul</sup>GI.GI is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.
==Dictionary==
==Dictionary==
<sup>(mul)</sup>''Iṣṣuru,'' the Akkadian parallel to <sup>mul</sup>MUŠEN "bird" literally occurs in the Urra XXII series texts and in the dbn-text.

=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===
=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===

[G. 88, 230], the name of Saturn and Libra.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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!Identifications
!Identifications
|-
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|'''Lexic. texts.'''
|'''Lexical texts.'''
In the Urra XXII series: <sup>mul</sup>mušen = ''iṣ-ṣu-ru'' [Bloch-Horowitz 2015, 111:319ʹ] with variant ''iṣ-ṣur'' [SpTU III, 114A v 59]
(1) Series Ḫg. B VI: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-tu<sub>2</sub> u me-šar = <sup>d</sup>sag.uš <sup>d</sup>utu "Star gi.gi = Star of truth and justice = Saturn, Shamash" [MSL XI, 40:39], later parallel: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-[tu<sub>2</sub> ...] [SpTU III, 116: Rs. iii 8]. (2) mulgi.[gi...] [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 4]; according to Koch's interpretation, text K.12619 ii 4-6: <sup>mul</sup>GI-[GI...] / kakkab kit-ti [u mi-ša-ri] / MUL MI <sup>mu</sup>[<sup>l</sup>zi-ba-an-na] "Star GI.GI = Star of truth and justice = Dark star = Star of Libra" [Koch 1989, 60-61]. Planisphere K. 8538. In sector 6 the inscription: ˹<sup>mul</sup>GI-GI˺ and the figure of Libra(?) [Koch 1989, 59; Kurtik 2007, fig. 9].

* (a) <sup>mul</sup>mušen = ''iṣ-ṣu-ri'' A / ''iṣ-ṣu-ru'' B [Emar VI/4, 151:179].
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|'''Dalbanna-text.'''

* §O. MUŠEN (sign ḪU), see (Kurtik m18) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.TUR.TUR]] where the same dal.ba.an.na pattern is discussed
=== Additional ===
|dlb. §O comes in three versions. Only one of them has the phrase "head of the Snake-with-Bird". It is obviously a specifier to distinguish one snake from another one without a bird. The dlb-text does not follow the standard language of Mesopotamian mathematical astronomy. Because of this and astronomical reasons, we suggest to interpret the "Snake with Bird" as Hydra+Corvus. MUŠEN would then be identified with Corvus.
         '''II. Identification.'''
[[File:Leo+vir umzeichng4plani black.png|thumb|Leo and Virgo above the MUŠ-Dragon, two claytablet drawings from the Seleucid era (roughly 2nd century BCE), CC BY SMH based upon the drawings by E. Weidner (1967) and Thureau-Dangin (1922).]]

         (1) = Saturn;
|}       

         (2) = constellation Librae = β(γ)λα2ισ Librae + 381G. Centauri, according to [Koch 1989, 79].

         '''III. Astrology.'''

         (1) The Star of Truth has weakened; DIŠ MUL ki-tu<sub>4</sub> ŠER<sub>2</sub>.ŠER<sub>2</sub> KUR ARḪUŠ u SILIM-mu [...] "If the Star of Truth weakens: the country, of mercy and peace [...]" [ACh Ištar, 25:26].

         (2) The Star of Truth approaches the Crown of Anu; [DIŠ MUL ki-t]u<sub>4</sub> a-na <sup>mul</sup>AGA.AN.NA TE <sup>d</sup>SAG.UŠ ina ŠA<sub>3</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.AN.NA KUR-ma "[If the Star of Truth] approaches the Crown of Anu, (this means): Saturn appears in the middle of the Celestial Bull." [ACh Ištar, 30:20].


== Historical Dictionaries ==
== Historical Dictionaries ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Kurtik (2022, i16)
!
|-
|-
|аккадская параллель к <sup>mul</sup>MUŠEN «Птица»; в текстах серии Urra XXII и в dbn-тексте, см m46MUŠEN.
⚫
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" | Kurtik (2022)
|
|-
⚫
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" | Kurtik (2022, m46)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" | Gössmann (1950)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" | Gössmann (1950)
|-
|-
| вар. чтения: <sup>(mul)</sup>ḪU; = iṣṣūru «Птица».
| [G. 88, 230], название Сатурна и Весов.
I. Источники.
I. Источники.


Лексич. тексты. В серии Urra XXII: (a) <sup>mul</sup>mušen = iṣ-ṣu-ri A / iṣ-ṣu-ru  B [Emar VI/4, 151:179], (b) <sup>mul</sup>mušen = iṣ-ṣur [SpTU III, 114A v 59], (c) <sup>mul</sup>mušen = iṣ-ṣu-ru [Bloch–Horowitz 2015, 111:319ʹ]. Dalbanna-текст. §O. ḪU, см. m18MAŠ.TAB.BA.TUR.TUR.
Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Ḫg. B VI: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-tu<sub>2</sub> u me-šar = <sup>d</sup>sag.uš <sup>d</sup>utu «Звезда gi.gi = Звезда правды и справедливости = Сатурн, Шамаш» [MSL XI, 40:39],  поздняя параллель: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-[tu<sub>2</sub> …] [SpTU III, 116: Rs. iii 8]. (2) <sup>mul</sup>gi.[gi…] [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 4]; согласно интерпретации Коха, текст K.12619 ii 4-6: <sup>mul</sup>GI-[GI…] / kakkab kit-ti [u mi-ša-ri] / MUL MI <sup>mu</sup>[<sup>l</sup>zi-ba-an-na] «Звезда GI.GI = Звезда правды и справедливости = Темная звезда = Звезда Весы» [Koch 1989, 60–61]. Планисферa K. 8538. В секторе 6 надпись: ˹<sup>mul</sup>GI-GI˺ и изображение фигуры Весов(?) [Koch 1989, 59; Куртик 2007, рис. 9].

II. Отождествление.

(1)  = Сатурн;

(2)  = созвездие Весы = β(γ)λα2ισ Librae + 381G. Centauri, согласно [Koch 1989, 79].

III. Астрология.

(1) Звезда Правды ослабела; DIŠ MUL ki-tu<sub>4</sub> ŠER<sub>2</sub>.ŠER<sub>2</sub> KUR ARḪUŠ u SILIM-mu […] «Если Звезда Правды ослабела: странa милосердие и мир […]» [ACh Ištar, 25:26].


Остается неизвестным местоположение на небе этого созвездия/звезды.
(2) Звезда Правды приближается к Короне Ану; [DIŠ MUL ki-t]u<sub>4</sub> a-na <sup>mul</sup>AGA.AN.NA TE <sup>d</sup>SAG.UŠ ina ŠA<sub>3</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.AN.NA KUR-ma «[Если Звезда Прав]ды к Короне Ану приближается, (это означает): Сатурн в середине Небесного Быка появляется» [ACh Ištar, 30:20].
| Example
| Example
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Latest revision as of 08:39, 27 July 2025

mulMUŠEN (𒀯𒄷) = muliṣṣuru (𒀯𒄑𒍮𒊒), 'The Bird' is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism, or perhaps full constellation. It only occurs in rather late texts, and is likely an uninformed description of the constellation now called Corvus, Babylonian UGA.

Dictionary

(mul)Iṣṣuru, the Akkadian parallel to mulMUŠEN "bird" literally occurs in the Urra XXII series texts and in the dbn-text.

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

Sources Identifications
Lexical texts.

In the Urra XXII series: mulmušen = iṣ-ṣu-ru [Bloch-Horowitz 2015, 111:319ʹ] with variant iṣ-ṣur [SpTU III, 114A v 59]

  • (a) mulmušen = iṣ-ṣu-ri A / iṣ-ṣu-ru B [Emar VI/4, 151:179].
Dalbanna-text.
  • §O. MUŠEN (sign ḪU), see (Kurtik m18) MAŠ.TAB.BA.TUR.TUR where the same dal.ba.an.na pattern is discussed
 dlb. §O comes in three versions. Only one of them has the phrase "head of the Snake-with-Bird". It is obviously a specifier to distinguish one snake from another one without a bird. The dlb-text does not follow the standard language of Mesopotamian mathematical astronomy. Because of this and astronomical reasons, we suggest to interpret the "Snake with Bird" as Hydra+Corvus. MUŠEN would then be identified with Corvus.
Leo and Virgo above the MUŠ-Dragon, two claytablet drawings from the Seleucid era (roughly 2nd century BCE), CC BY SMH based upon the drawings by E. Weidner (1967) and Thureau-Dangin (1922).

       

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, i16)
аккадская параллель к mulMUŠEN «Птица»; в текстах серии Urra XXII и в dbn-тексте, см m46MUŠEN.
Kurtik (2022, m46) Gössmann (1950)
вар. чтения: (mul)ḪU; = iṣṣūru «Птица».

I. Источники.

Лексич. тексты. В серии Urra XXII: (a) mulmušen = iṣ-ṣu-ri A / iṣ-ṣu-ru  B [Emar VI/4, 151:179], (b) mulmušen = iṣ-ṣur [SpTU III, 114A v 59], (c) mulmušen = iṣ-ṣu-ru [Bloch–Horowitz 2015, 111:319ʹ]. Dalbanna-текст. §O. ḪU, см. m18MAŠ.TAB.BA.TUR.TUR.

Остается неизвестным местоположение на небе этого созвездия/звезды.

Example

References

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