Kinṣu

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Kinsu
Heel of the "Demon with the Gaping Mouth" in Mesopotamian astral science, typically identified with lambda Andromedae (in the first millennium). Depiction in Stellarium, painting by Jessica Gullberg 2021.

mulKinṣu (𒀯𒆥𒍮) means "knee, shin" in Akkadian and designates asterisms thar form part of a number of ancient Mesopotamian constellations.

Concordance, Etymology, History

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

= "Knee, shin"(?);

Var. designations:

  • 1) = ziqpu X, part of the constellation Demon with the Gaping Mouth (kinṣu ša2 mulUD.KA.DU8.A), a group of stars in the Lizard (Lacerta);
  • 2) part of the figure of some other constellations [AHw, 478-9; CAD K, 373-374; G. 144, 229].
Sources Identifications
MUL.APIN.

For a list of culminations and simultaneous risings, see (Kurtik i15) Is le10.

Example
Lists of ziqpu stars.
  • (1) AO 6478:
    • (a) 3⅓ MA.NA MIN(=šuqultu) | ⅔ DANNA i-na KI.MIN (= ina qaqqari) | 36 IGI DANNA i-na KI. MIN (=ina šamê) | TA mulni-bi-i ša GABA-šu2 | EN mulkin-ṣi "3⅓ mins of weight, 200 on earth, 36,000 miles in the sky / From the star with great brilliance on its (Demon with the Gaping Mouth) breast to (its) Knee",
    • (b) [3⅓] MA.NA MIN | ⅔ DANNA i-na KI.MIN | 36 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN | TA mulkin-ṣi EN mula-si-[di] "[3⅓] mins of weight, 200 on earth, 36,000 miles in the sky / From the Knee to the Heel." [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:21-24; TU, 21:21-24; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228-229]; for a parallel see. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:12-13].
  • (2) VAT 16437: ⅔ DANNA a-na mulkin-[ṣu] "200 to the Knee" [Schaumberger 1952, 224-225:5].
  • (3) VAT 16436: múlkin-ṣi // 3 // 6 IGI 7 ME 80 KUŠ3 'Knee // 3 (stars) // 6780 (cubits) [Schaumberger 1952, 226-227:2].
  • (4) BM 38369+:
    • a) TA mulni-bi-i ša mulUD.K[A.DUḪ.A] / EN dki-in-ṣi-šu ⅔! [DANNA] "From the star with the great brilliance of the Demon with the [Open] Mou[th] / To its Knee ⅔ [miles]",
    • (b) TA dki-in-ṣi-šu EN a-si-di-šu2 ˹⅔˺ [DANNA] "From its knee to its heels ⅔ [miles] (200)"  [Horowitz 1994a, 91-92:2-4].
  • (5) Sippar Planisphere: ⅔ DANNA ana mulkin-˹ṣu!˺ "⅔ miles (200) to (his) Knee" [Horowitz-al-Rawi 2001, 171-173:10].
Uranology[1]
  • MLC 1866 (obverse)
D i 17. ⌈⌉ mulUD.KA.DUH.A dU.GUR: SAG.KAL a-lik ⌈mah-ri⌉

D i 18. ⌈ṣa-lam⌉ šú-u lu-bu-uš-tu4 la-biš AGA a-pir

D i 19. ⌈2⌉ pa-ni-šú pa-ni mah-⌈ru⌉-tú pa-ni ṣa-lam

D i 20. ⌈pa⌉-ni ár-ku-⌈tu4 pa⌉-ni ⌈UR⌉.MAH ziq-nu za-qin

D i 21. pi-i pi-⌈ti kap⌉-pi ra-áš-ši kin-ṣi 15-šú

D i 22. ⌈ki-ṣal⌉-šú 3.⌈TA⌉.ÀM MUL a-si-du 15-šú KI.ÚR

D i 23. [ x x x a-si-d]u KI.⌈ÚR⌉ ṣa-lam

D i 24. [MUL šá ina ZAG-šú GUB]-⌈zu⌉ mulŠAH ⌈MUL⌉ šá ina GÙB-šú

D i 25. [GUB-zu mulANŠE.KUR.RA] x x a-n[a] x x x

D i 26. [ ] x x [ ]

i17. ¶ “The Demon with The Open Mouth,” Nergal: the leader going in front,

i18. He is a human figure, clothed, wearing a tiara.

i19. Two are his faces. The front face is the face of a human figure.

i20. The back face is that of a lion, bearded,

i21. mouth open, having wings; its right shin (and)

i22. its ankle are three fold; the star of its right heel (and) lower extremities

i23. [(are) . . . the hee]l (and) the lower extremities of a human figure.

i24. [The star which at its right stand]s is “The Pig”; the star which at its left

i25. [stands is “The Horse,”] . . fo[r] . . .14

i26. [ ] . . [ ]

Anaphora.

BM 36609+:

  • 5 UŠ ina IGI kin?-ṣa, see (Kurtik m35) MUL2.MUL2;
  • 5? UŠ ˹kin?˺-ṣa NU KUR, see (Kurtik m15) MAŠ.MAŠ.
Calendar of daily risings and settins of ziqpu stars.

See. [Schaumberger 1955, 247-251].

"Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts."
  • 4 UŠ ina IGI MUL2 kin-ṣa ziq-pi dSin A[N-KU10...] "When (the point located) ahead of (the star) 15 Lacertae culminates at 40, an  ecli[pse occurs]." [AD III, No.-149 obv. 5].

See also a-na kin-ṣa [LBAT, 1499 r. 31], múlkin-ṣi [LBAT 1501:9].

Late astrology.

AO 6483ː

  • [...:] múlkin-ṣi e3-a uš2 nam-šu2 "[If a child is born when...], (when) the Knee appears: its fate is death" [TU, 14 r. 33; Sachs 1952, 67, 70].

Additional

II. Identification.

         Ziqpu X

         = η Pegasi [G. 144, IV 5; Sachs 1952, 70b:33];

         = a group of stars near 15 Lacertae [Schaumberger 1952, 221, 229];

         = α Lacertae [MA, 142-3; ASM, 86];

         = α, β+ Lacertae [ASM, 88].

III. Part of the figure of the constellation.

         Kinṣu is used in describing the following constellations:

         1) mulUD.KA.DU8.A "Demon with the Gaping Mouth," see above.

         2) mulŠU.GI "Old Man," see (Kurtik sh16) ŠU.GI.

         3) mulUZ3 "Goat," see (Kurtik u31) UZ3.

         4) dZa-ba4-ba4, see (Kurtik z01) dZA.BA4.BA4.

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, K18) Gössmann (1950)
= «Колено, голень»(?); 1) = ziqpu X, часть созвездия Демон с Разинутой Пастью (kinṣu ša2 mulUD.KA.DU8.A), группа звезд в Ящерице (Lacerta); 2) часть фигуры некоторых созвездий [AHw, 478–9; CAD K, 373–374; G. 144, 229].

I. Источники.

MUL.APIN. Список кульминаций и одновременных восходов, см. i15. Списки ziqpu-звезд. (1) AO 6478: a) 3⅓ MA.NA MIN(=šuqultu) | ⅔ DANNA i-na KI.MIN (= ina qaqqari) | 36 IGI DANNA i-na KI.MIN (=ina šamê) | TA mulni-bi-i ša GABA-šu2 | EN mulkin-ṣi «3⅓ мины веса, 200 на земле, 36000 миль на небе / От звезды с большим блеском на его (Демона с Разинутой Пастью) груди до (его) Колена», b) [3⅓] MA.NA MIN | ⅔ DANNA i-na KI.MIN | 36 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN | TA mulkin-ṣi EN mula-si-[di] «[3⅓] мины веса,  200 на земле, 36000 миль на небе / От Колена до Пят[ки]» [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:21–24; TU, 21:21–24; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228–229]; параллель см. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:12–13]. (2) VAT 16437: ⅔ DANNA a-na mulkin-[ṣu]  «200 до Колена» [Schaumberger 1952, 224–225:5]. (3) VAT 16436: múlkin-ṣi  // 3 // 6 IGI 7 ME 80 KUŠ3 «Колено // 3 (звезды) // 6780 (локтей) [Schaumberger 1952, 226–227:2]. (4) BM 38369+: a) TA mulni-bi-i ša mulUD.K[A.DUḪ.A] / EN dki-in-ṣi-šu ⅔! [DANNA] «От звезды с большим блеском Демона с [Разинутой] Пас[тью] / До его Колена ⅔ [мили]», b) TA dki-in-ṣi-šu EN a-si-di-šu2 ˹⅔˺ [DANNA] «От его колена до его пятки ⅔ [мили] (200)»  [Horowitz 1994a, 91–92:2–4]. (5) Sippar Planisphere: ⅔ DANNA ana mulkin-˹ṣu!˺ «⅔ мили (200) до (его) Колена» [Horowitz–al-Rawi 2001, 171–173:10]. Анафора. BM 36609+: 5 UŠ ina IGI kin?-ṣa, см. m35MUL.MUL; 5? UŠ ˹kin?˺-ṣa NU KUR, см. m15MAŠ.MAŠ. Kалендарь ежедневных восходов и заходов ziqpu-звезд. См. [Schaumberger 1955, 247–251]. «Дневники наблюдений». 4 UŠ ina IGI MUL2 kin-ṣa ziq-pi dsin A[N-KU10…]  «Когда (точка, находящаяся) впереди (звезды) 15 Lacertae на 40, кульминировала, лунное зат[мение произошло]» [AD III, No.-149 obv. 5]. См. также a-na kin-ṣa [LBAT, 1499 r. 31], múlkin-ṣi [LBAT 1501:9]. Поздняя астрология. AO 6483: […:] múlkin-ṣi e3-a uš2 nam-šu2 «[Если ребенок родился, когда…], (когда) Колено появляется: его судьба — смерть» [TU, 14 r. 33; Sachs 1952, 67, 70].

II. Отождествление.

Ziqpu X

= η Pegasi [G. 144, IV 5; Sachs 1952, 70b:33];

= группа звезд вблизи 15 Lacertae [Schaumberger 1952, 221, 229];

= α Lacertae [MA, 142–3; ASM, 86];

= α, β+ Lacertae [ASM, 88].

III. Часть фигуры созвездия.

Kinṣu используется при описании следующих созвездий:

1) mulUD.KA.DU8.A «Демон с Разинутой Пастью», см. выше.

2) mulŠU.GI «Старик», см. sh16.

3) mulUZ3 «Коза», см. u31.

4) dZa-ba4-ba4, см. z01.

Example

References

  1. ↑ Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.
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