SA.GAZ: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "<sup>mul lú</sup>SA.GAZ is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism. ==Dictionary== === Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim === [G. 88, 230], the name of Saturn and Libra. {| class="wikitable" |+ !Sources !Identifications |- |'''Lexic. texts.''' (1) Series Ḫg. B VI: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-tu<sub>2</sub> u me-šar = <sup>d</sup>sag.uš <sup>d</sup>utu "Star gi.gi = Star of truth and justice = Saturn, Shamash" [MSL XI, 40:39], later parallel: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi...")
 
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<sup>mul lú</sup>SA.GAZ (𒀯𒇽𒌑𒄤),"Bandit/Outlaw", is an ancient Mesopotamian name of Mars [AHw<ref name=":0">''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 304; CAD<ref name=":1">''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> Ḫ 13; Reynolds 1998<ref name=":2">''Reynolds F.'' Unpropitious Titles of Mars in Mesopotamian Scholarly Tradition // RAI. 1998. Vol. 41. P. 347-358.</ref>].
<sup>mul lú</sup>SA.GAZ is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.
==Concordance, Etymology, History==
==Dictionary==
=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===
=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===
= <sup>mul</sup>''ḫabbātu(m)'' (𒆸𒁀𒌈), "Bandit"; the name of Mars [AHw<ref name=":0" />, 304; CAD<ref name=":1" /> Ḫ, 13; Reynolds 1998<ref name=":2" />]. The syllabic notation occurs only in the lexical lists of the stars.  
[G. 88, 230], the name of Saturn and Libra.
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!Identifications
!Identifications
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|'''Lexic. texts.'''
|'''Lexical texts.'''
(1) Urra XXII series:
(1) Series Ḫg. B VI: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-tu<sub>2</sub> u me-šar = <sup>d</sup>sag.uš <sup>d</sup>utu "Star gi.gi = Star of truth and justice = Saturn, Shamash" [MSL XI, 40:39], later parallel: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-[tu<sub>2</sub> ...] [SpTU III, 116: Rs. iii 8]. (2) mulgi.[gi...] [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 4]; according to Koch's interpretation, text K.12619 ii 4-6: <sup>mul</sup>GI-[GI...] / kakkab kit-ti [u mi-ša-ri] / MUL MI <sup>mu</sup>[<sup>l</sup>zi-ba-an-na] "Star GI.GI = Star of truth and justice = Dark star = Star of Libra" [Koch 1989, 60-61]. Planisphere K. 8538. In sector 6 the inscription: ˹<sup>mul</sup>GI-GI˺ and the figure of Libra(?) [Koch 1989, 59; Kurtik 2007, fig. 9].
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* <sup>mul lú</sup>sa<sup>!</sup>.gaz = <sup>mul</sup>''ḫa-am-ba-t''[''a''] A / <sup>mul</sup>''ḫa-am-ba-t''[''i''] B [Emar VI/4<ref>''D. Arnaud''. Texte de la bibliothèque, transcriptions et traductions, 1987. (= Emar 6/4).</ref>, 151:181], [<sup>mul lú</sup>sa. gaz] = ''ḫab-ba-tum'' [Cavigneaux 1979<ref>''Cavigneaux A.'' // Baghdader Mitteilungen. 1979. Bd. X. S. 132-134.</ref>, 134, 17:22],
=== Additional ===
* <sup>mul lú</sup>sa.gaz = ''ḫab-ba-tum'' (var.: ''-ba-a-'') [SpTU III<ref>''Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk.'' Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.</ref>, 114A v 56; Bloch-Horowitz 2015<ref>Bloch Y. and W. Horowitz (2015):  “Urra = hubullu XXII: The Standard Recension,” with Y. Bloch, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 67: 71-125.</ref>, 110:315ʹ].
         '''II. Identification.'''


(2) Series Ḫg. B VI:
         (1) = Saturn;


* <sup>mul lú</sup>sa.gaz = ''ḫab-ba-tum'' = min(= <sup>d</sup>''ṣal-''[''bat-a-nu'']) [MSL XI<ref>''Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon''. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = ''hubullu.'' Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.</ref>, 40:32].
         (2) = constellation Librae = β(γ)λα2ισ Librae + 381G. Centauri, according to [Koch 1989, 79].
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|'''"Great Star List and Miscellenia."'''
List of names for Mars:


* <sup>mul lú</sup>sa.gaz = <sup>d</sup>min(= <sup>d</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'') "Bandit = Mars" [Mesop.Astrol.<ref>''Koch-Westenholz U''. Mesopotamian  Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.</ref>, App. B:95].
         '''III. Astrology.'''
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         (1) The Star of Truth has weakened; DIŠ MUL ki-tu<sub>4</sub> ŠER<sub>2</sub>.ŠER<sub>2</sub> KUR ARḪUŠ u SILIM-mu [...] "If the Star of Truth weakens: the country, of mercy and peace [...]" [ACh Ištar, 25:26].

         (2) The Star of Truth approaches the Crown of Anu; [DIŠ MUL ki-t]u<sub>4</sub> a-na <sup>mul</sup>AGA.AN.NA TE <sup>d</sup>SAG.UŠ ina ŠA<sub>3</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.AN.NA KUR-ma "[If the Star of Truth] approaches the Crown of Anu, (this means): Saturn appears in the middle of the Celestial Bull." [ACh Ištar, 30:20].


== Historical Dictionaries ==
== Historical Dictionaries ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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=== Kurtik (2007) ===
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=== Gössmann (1950) ===
|-
!Kurtik (2022, h02)
!
|-
|-
|аккадская параллель к <sup>mul lú</sup>SA.GAZ «Разбойник»; название Марса [AHw, 304; CAD Ḫ 13; Reynolds 1998]. Силлабическая запись встречается только в лексических списках звезд, см. s01<sup>lú</sup>SA.GAZ.
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! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" | Kurtik (2022)
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|-
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! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" | Kurtik (2022, s01)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" | Gössmann (1950)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" | Gössmann (1950)
|-
|-
| = <sup>mul</sup>ḫabbātu(m) «Разбойник»; название Марса [AHw, 304; CAD Ḫ, 13; Reynolds 1998].
| [G. 88, 230], название Сатурна и Весов.
I. Источники.
I. Источники.


Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Ḫg. B VI: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-tu<sub>2</sub> u me-šar = <sup>d</sup>sag.uš <sup>d</sup>utu «Звезда gi.gi = Звезда правды и справедливости = Сатурн, Шамаш» [MSL XI, 40:39],  поздняя параллель: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-[tu<sub>2</sub> …] [SpTU III, 116: Rs. iii 8]. (2) <sup>mul</sup>gi.[gi…] [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 4]; согласно интерпретации Коха, текст K.12619 ii 4-6: <sup>mul</sup>GI-[GI…] / kakkab kit-ti [u mi-ša-ri] / MUL MI <sup>mu</sup>[<sup>l</sup>zi-ba-an-na] «Звезда GI.GI = Звезда правды и справедливости = Темная звезда = Звезда Весы» [Koch 1989, 60–61]. Планисферa K. 8538. В секторе 6 надпись: ˹<sup>mul</sup>GI-GI˺ и изображение фигуры Весов(?) [Koch 1989, 59; Куртик 2007, рис. 9].
Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Urra XXII: <sup>mul lú</sup>sa<sup>!</sup>.gaz = <sup>mul</sup>ḫa-am-ba-t[a] A / <sup>mul</sup>ḫa-am-ba-t[i] B [Emar VI/4, 151:181], [<sup>mul lú</sup>sa.gaz] = ḫab-ba-tum [Cavigneaux 1979, 134, 17:22], <sup>mul lú</sup>sa.gaz = ḫab-ba-tum (вар.: -ba-a-) [SpTU III, 114A v 56; Bloch–Horowitz 2015, 110:315ʹ]. (2) Серия Ḫg. B VI: <sup>mul lú</sup>sa.gaz = ḫab-ba-tum = min(= <sup>d</sup>ṣal-[bat-a-nu]) [MSL XI, 40:32]. «Большой список звезд». Список имен Марса: <sup>mul lú</sup>sa.gaz = <sup>d</sup>min(= <sup>d</sup>ṣal-bat-a-nu) «Разбойник = Марс» [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:95].

II. Отождествление.

(1)  = Сатурн;

(2)  = созвездие Весы = β(γ)λα2ισ Librae + 381G. Centauri, согласно [Koch 1989, 79].

III. Астрология.

(1) Звезда Правды ослабела; DIŠ MUL ki-tu<sub>4</sub> ŠER<sub>2</sub>.ŠER<sub>2</sub> KUR ARḪUŠ u SILIM-mu […] «Если Звезда Правды ослабела: странa милосердие и мир […]» [ACh Ištar, 25:26].

(2) Звезда Правды приближается к Короне Ану; [DIŠ MUL ki-t]u<sub>4</sub> a-na <sup>mul</sup>AGA.AN.NA TE <sup>d</sup>SAG.UŠ ina ŠA<sub>3</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.AN.NA KUR-ma «[Если Звезда Прав]ды к Короне Ану приближается, (это означает): Сатурн в середине Небесного Быка появляется» [ACh Ištar, 30:20].
| Example
| Example
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[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]
[[Category:Solar System]]
[[Category:Planet]]
[[Category:Mars]]

Latest revision as of 10:26, 20 September 2025

mul lúSA.GAZ (𒀯𒇽𒌑𒄤),"Bandit/Outlaw", is an ancient Mesopotamian name of Mars [AHw[1], 304; CAD[2] Ḫ 13; Reynolds 1998[3]].

Concordance, Etymology, History

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

= mulḫabbātu(m) (𒆸𒁀𒌈), "Bandit"; the name of Mars [AHw[1], 304; CAD[2] Ḫ, 13; Reynolds 1998[3]]. The syllabic notation occurs only in the lexical lists of the stars.  

Sources Identifications
Lexical texts.

(1) Urra XXII series:

  • mul lúsa!.gaz = mulḫa-am-ba-t[a] A / mulḫa-am-ba-t[i] B [Emar VI/4[4], 151:181], [mul lúsa. gaz] = ḫab-ba-tum [Cavigneaux 1979[5], 134, 17:22],
  • mul lúsa.gaz = ḫab-ba-tum (var.: -ba-a-) [SpTU III[6], 114A v 56; Bloch-Horowitz 2015[7], 110:315ʹ].

(2) Series Ḫg. B VI:

  • mul lúsa.gaz = ḫab-ba-tum = min(= dṣal-[bat-a-nu]) [MSL XI[8], 40:32].
"Great Star List and Miscellenia."

List of names for Mars:

  • mul lúsa.gaz = dmin(= dṣal-bat-a-nu) "Bandit = Mars" [Mesop.Astrol.[9], App. B:95].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2007)

Gössmann (1950)

Kurtik (2022, h02)
аккадская параллель к mul lúSA.GAZ «Разбойник»; название Марса [AHw, 304; CAD Ḫ 13; Reynolds 1998]. Силлабическая запись встречается только в лексических списках звезд, см. s01lúSA.GAZ.
Kurtik (2022, s01) Gössmann (1950)
= mulḫabbātu(m) «Разбойник»; название Марса [AHw, 304; CAD Ḫ, 13; Reynolds 1998].

I. Источники.

Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Urra XXII: mul lúsa!.gaz = mulḫa-am-ba-t[a] A / mulḫa-am-ba-t[i] B [Emar VI/4, 151:181], [mul lúsa.gaz] = ḫab-ba-tum [Cavigneaux 1979, 134, 17:22], mul lúsa.gaz = ḫab-ba-tum (вар.: -ba-a-) [SpTU III, 114A v 56; Bloch–Horowitz 2015, 110:315ʹ]. (2) Серия Ḫg. B VI: mul lúsa.gaz = ḫab-ba-tum = min(= dṣal-[bat-a-nu]) [MSL XI, 40:32]. «Большой список звезд». Список имен Марса: mul lúsa.gaz = dmin(= dṣal-bat-a-nu) «Разбойник = Марс» [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:95].

Example

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Soden von W. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Reynolds F. Unpropitious Titles of Mars in Mesopotamian Scholarly Tradition // RAI. 1998. Vol. 41. P. 347-358.
  4. ↑ D. Arnaud. Texte de la bibliothèque, transcriptions et traductions, 1987. (= Emar 6/4).
  5. ↑ Cavigneaux A. // Baghdader Mitteilungen. 1979. Bd. X. S. 132-134.
  6. ↑ Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk. Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.
  7. ↑ Bloch Y. and W. Horowitz (2015):  “Urra = hubullu XXII: The Standard Recension,” with Y. Bloch, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 67: 71-125.
  8. ↑ Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = hubullu. Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.
  9. ↑ Koch-Westenholz U. Mesopotamian  Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.
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