LUGAL.GIR3.RA: Difference between revisions

From All Skies Encyclopaedia
LUGAL.GIR3.RA
No edit summary
 
(16 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<sup>d</sup>LUGAL.GIR<sub>3</sub>.RA is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.
{{DISPLAYTITLE:LUGAL.GIR<sub>3</sub>.RA}}
[[File:Lugalirra+Meslamtaea Stellarium Gullberg.png|thumb|Lugalirra and Meslamtaea as "Great Twins" in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (CC BY). ]]
==Dictionary==
<sup>d</sup>LUGAL.GIR<sub>3</sub>.RA (𒀭𒈗𒄊𒊏) is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Nergal, the King of the Underworld. In astronomy, the pair Lugalgirra and Meslamtaea are equated with 'The Great Twins' [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL|<sup>mul</sup>MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]]. See also BM 46518: 5-7
=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===
Var. reading: = <sup>d</sup>Lugal-GIR<sub>3</sub>-ra, <sup>d</sup>Lugal-gir<sub>3</sub>-ra, <sup>d</sup>Lugal-ir<sub>9</sub>-ra; lit. "Mighty Lord"; 1) a twin deity, paired with Meslamtaea, who formed the constellation Great Twins (= α + β Geminorum), 2) Sin, deity of the Moon, 3) Jupiter, 4) Mercury [G. 241; Lambert 1987b].
==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
Lugalirra & Meslamta’ea. A pair of netherworld gods. The second name is widely attested alone as a name of Nergal, the ruler of the netherworld. <sup>d</sup>Lugal-ir<sub>9</sub>-ra ''ù'' <sup>d</sup>''Mes-lam-ta-è-a'' (EN 5–6r).<ref>Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>


'''Var. reading:'''
⚫
For sources, deity, and astrology, see m24[[MES.LAM.TA.E3.A|<sup>d</sup>MES.LAM.TA.E<sub>3</sub>.A]].
⚫
=== Additional ===
           '''I. Symbol.'''


* = <sup>d</sup>Lugal-GIR<sub>3</sub>-ra,
⚫
         An anthropomorphic, male, bearded figure wearing a hat with horns and a long robe, carrying, according to texts of the Neo-Assyrian periods, a bow in his right hand and an arrow in his left hand [Wiggermann 1992, 10-11:101, 38; 47], see in this connection also m24, III. For a different in detail description of the twin figures in the constellation <sup>mul</sup>MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL "Great Twins" see m17, III.
* <sup>d</sup>Lugal-gir<sub>3</sub>-ra,
* <sup>d</sup>Lugal-ir<sub>9</sub>-ra;


lit. "Mighty Lord";
⚫
         '''II. Identifications.'''


'''Var. designations:'''
⚫
         (1) = twin deity in the constellation Great Twins (= α or β Geminorum), see m17, VI.


*1) a twin deity, paired with Meslamtaea, who formed the constellation Great Twins (= α + β Geminorum),
⚫
         (2) = Sin [V R, 46, 1:4; TU, 47:8-9], see m17MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, I).
* 2) Sin, deity of the Moon,
*3) Jupiter,
*4) Mercury [G. 241; Lambert 1987b].


⚫
For sources, deity, and astrology, see (Kurtik m24) [[MES.LAM.TA.E3.A|<sup>d</sup>MES.LAM.TA.E<sub>3</sub>.A]].
⚫
         (3) = Jupiter, see m17MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, VI 1.


⚫
         (4) = Mercury; <sup>d</sup>Lugal-ir<sub>9</sub>-ra u <sup>d</sup>Mes-lam-ta-[e<sub>3</sub>-a] / <sup>d</sup>GUD.UD u <sup>d</sup>Ṣal-bat-˹a˺-[nu] "Lugalirra and Meslamta[ea] = Mercury and Mars" [BPO 3, 194, K.42+:7'-8'], see also m17MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, VI 1.


See also BM 46518: 5-7
⚫
== Historical Dictionaries ==
⚫
===Additional===

====Symbol.====
⚫
         An anthropomorphic, male, bearded figure wearing a hat with horns and a long robe, carrying, according to texts of the Neo-Assyrian periods, a bow in his right hand and an arrow in his left hand [Wiggermann 1992, 10-11:101, 38; 47], see in this connection also (Kurtik m24) [[MES.LAM.TA.E3.A|<sup>d</sup>MES.LAM.TA.E<sub>3</sub>.A]], III. For a different in detail description of the twin figures in the constellation [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL|<sup>mul</sup>MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]] "Great Twins" see Kurtk m17, III.

⚫
====Previous Identifications.====
⚫
         (1) = twin deity in the constellation Great Twins (= α or β Geminorum), see (Kurtik m17) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], VI.

⚫
         (2) = ''Sin'' [V R, 46, 1:4; TU, 47:8-9], see (Kurtik m17) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], I).

⚫
         (3) = Jupiter, see (Kurtik m17) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], VI 1.

⚫
         (4) = Mercury; <sup>d</sup>Lugal-ir<sub>9</sub>-ra ''u'' <sup>d</sup>''Mes-lam-ta-''[''e''<sub>3</sub>-''a''] / <sup>d</sup>GUD.UD ''u'' <sup>d</sup>''Ṣal-bat''-˹''a''˺-[''nu''] "Lugalirra and Meslamta[ea] = Mercury and Mars" [BPO 3, 194, K.42+:7'-8'], see also (Kurtik m17) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], VI 1.

⚫
==Historical Dictionaries ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" | Kurtik (2022)
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, L16)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" | Gössmann (1950)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
|-
|-
| вар. чтения: = <sup>d</sup>Lugal-GIR<sub>3</sub>-ra, <sup>d</sup>Lugal-gir<sub>3</sub>-ra, <sup>d</sup>Lugal-ir<sub>9</sub>-ra;  букв. «Могущественный Владыка»; 1) божество-близнец, в паре с Месламтаэа составлявшее созвездие Большие Близнецы (= α + β Geminorum), 2) Син, божество Луны, 3) Юпитер, 4) Меркурий [G. 241; Lambert 1987b].
|вар. чтения: = <sup>d</sup>Lugal-GIR<sub>3</sub>-ra, <sup>d</sup>Lugal-gir<sub>3</sub>-ra, <sup>d</sup>Lugal-ir<sub>9</sub>-ra;  букв. «Могущественный Владыка»; 1) божество-близнец, в паре с Месламтаэа составлявшее созвездие Большие Близнецы (= α + β Geminorum), 2) Син, божество Луны, 3) Юпитер, 4) Меркурий [G. 241; Lambert 1987b].
Источники, божество и астрология см. m24<sup>d</sup>MES.LAM.TA.E3.A.
Источники, божество и астрология см. m24<sup>d</sup>MES.LAM.TA.E3.A.


Line 42: Line 61:


(4) = Меркурий; <sup>d</sup>Lugal-ir<sub>9</sub>-ra u <sup>d</sup>Mes-lam-ta-[e<sub>3</sub>-a] / <sup>d</sup>GUD.UD u <sup>d</sup>Ṣal-bat-˹a˺-[nu] «Лугальирра и Месламта[эа] = Меркурий и Марс» [BPO 3, 194, K.42+:7'-8'], см. также  m17MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, VI 1.
(4) = Меркурий; <sup>d</sup>Lugal-ir<sub>9</sub>-ra u <sup>d</sup>Mes-lam-ta-[e<sub>3</sub>-a] / <sup>d</sup>GUD.UD u <sup>d</sup>Ṣal-bat-˹a˺-[nu] «Лугальирра и Месламта[эа] = Меркурий и Марс» [BPO 3, 194, K.42+:7'-8'], см. также  m17MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, VI 1.
| Example
|Example
|}
|}


== References ==
==References==
* [[References (Babylonian)|Kurtik's references]]
*[[References (Babylonian)|Kurtik's references]]


[[Category:Mesopotamian]]
[[Category:Mesopotamian]]
Line 53: Line 72:
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]
[[Category:Solar System]]
[[Category:Planet]]
[[Category:Moon]]
[[Category:Jupiter]]
[[Category:Mercury]]

Latest revision as of 11:35, 18 December 2025

Lugalirra and Meslamtaea as "Great Twins" in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (CC BY).

dLUGAL.GIR3.RA (𒀭𒈗𒄊𒊏) is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Nergal, the King of the Underworld. In astronomy, the pair Lugalgirra and Meslamtaea are equated with 'The Great Twins' mulMAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL. See also BM 46518: 5-7

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

Lugalirra & Meslamta’ea. A pair of netherworld gods. The second name is widely attested alone as a name of Nergal, the ruler of the netherworld. dLugal-ir9-ra ù dMes-lam-ta-è-a (EN 5–6r).[2]

Var. reading:

  • = dLugal-GIR3-ra,
  • dLugal-gir3-ra,
  • dLugal-ir9-ra;

lit. "Mighty Lord";

Var. designations:

  • 1) a twin deity, paired with Meslamtaea, who formed the constellation Great Twins (= α + β Geminorum),
  • 2) Sin, deity of the Moon,
  • 3) Jupiter,
  • 4) Mercury [G. 241; Lambert 1987b].

For sources, deity, and astrology, see (Kurtik m24) dMES.LAM.TA.E3.A.


See also BM 46518: 5-7

Additional

Symbol.

         An anthropomorphic, male, bearded figure wearing a hat with horns and a long robe, carrying, according to texts of the Neo-Assyrian periods, a bow in his right hand and an arrow in his left hand [Wiggermann 1992, 10-11:101, 38; 47], see in this connection also (Kurtik m24) dMES.LAM.TA.E3.A, III. For a different in detail description of the twin figures in the constellation mulMAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL "Great Twins" see Kurtk m17, III.

Previous Identifications.

         (1) = twin deity in the constellation Great Twins (= α or β Geminorum), see (Kurtik m17) MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, VI.

         (2) = Sin [V R, 46, 1:4; TU, 47:8-9], see (Kurtik m17) MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, I).

         (3) = Jupiter, see (Kurtik m17) MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, VI 1.

         (4) = Mercury; dLugal-ir9-ra u dMes-lam-ta-[e3-a] / dGUD.UD u dṢal-bat-˹a˺-[nu] "Lugalirra and Meslamta[ea] = Mercury and Mars" [BPO 3, 194, K.42+:7'-8'], see also (Kurtik m17) MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, VI 1.

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, L16) Gössmann (1950)
вар. чтения: = dLugal-GIR3-ra, dLugal-gir3-ra, dLugal-ir9-ra;  букв. «Могущественный Владыка»; 1) божество-близнец, в паре с Месламтаэа составлявшее созвездие Большие Близнецы (= α + β Geminorum), 2) Син, божество Луны, 3) Юпитер, 4) Меркурий [G. 241; Lambert 1987b].

Источники, божество и астрология см. m24dMES.LAM.TA.E3.A.

I. Символ.

Антропоморфная мужская бородатая фигура в шапке с рогами и длинном одеянии, несущая, согласно текстам новоассирийского времени, в правой руке лук, в левой руке стрелу [Wiggermann 1992, 10–11:101, 38; 47], см. в связи c этим также m24, III. Отличающееся в деталях описание фигур близнецов в составе созвездия mulMAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL «Большие Близнецы»  см. m17, III.

II. Отождествления.

(1) = божество-близнец в созвездии Большие Близнецы (= α или β Geminorum), см. m17, VI.

(2) = Син [V R, 46, 1:4; TU, 47:8–9], см.  m17MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, I).

(3) = Юпитер, см.  m17MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, VI 1.

(4) = Меркурий; dLugal-ir9-ra u dMes-lam-ta-[e3-a] / dGUD.UD u dṢal-bat-˹a˺-[nu] «Лугальирра и Месламта[эа] = Меркурий и Марс» [BPO 3, 194, K.42+:7'-8'], см. также  m17MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL, VI 1.

Example

References

  1. ↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
  2. ↑ Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579
Retrieved from "https://xing.fmi.uni-jena.de/mediawiki/index.php?title=LUGAL.GIR3.RA&oldid=35821"