UTU: Difference between revisions

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===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim, Safford===
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim, Safford===
Var. readings and notations: 20, <sup>d</sup>20, MAN; = <sup>d</sup>''Šamaš''; the solar god Shamash, the Sun [Gossman 1950 135], see also (Kurtik d09) [[DINGIR]], (Kurtik m04) [[MAN]], (Kurtik sh03) ''[[Šamaš]]''.
Var. readings and notations: 20, <sup>d</sup>20, MAN; = <sup>d</sup>''Šamaš''; the solar god Shamash, the Sun [Gossman 1950<ref name=":0">''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 135], see also (Kurtik d09) [[DINGIR]], (Kurtik m04) [[MAN]], (Kurtik sh03) ''[[Šamaš]]''.
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|'''"Prayers to the Gods of the Night."'''
|'''"Prayers to the Gods of the Night."'''
* Neo-Assyrian prayer: <sup>mul d</sup>UTU [Oppenheim 1959, 283:19].
* Neo-Assyrian prayer: <sup>mul d</sup>UTU [Oppenheim 1959<ref>''Oppenheim A.L.'' A New Prayer to the “Gods of the Night” // Analecta biblica. 1959. Vol. 12. P. 282-301.</ref>, 283:19].
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|'''EAE.'''
|'''EAE.'''
See. [Rochberg-Halton 1988, 40, 87, 214; BPO 2, III 24b, XVIII 9; BPO 3, 287; Dietrich 1996; Gossman 1950 373, III; Largement 1957, 240:20, 22, 25b, 254:114; Verderame 2002, 249; Van Soldt 1995, 149; SpTU I, 90:11,16,17, r. 8'; 91:11; SpTU III, 101:28, 29, 37].
See. [Rochberg-Halton 1988, 40, 87, 214; BPO 2<ref>''Reiner E., Pingree D''. Enuma Anu Enlil, Tablets 50-51. Undena Publications, Malibu, 1981 (Babylonian Planetary Omens: Part Two).</ref>, III 24b, XVIII 9; BPO 3<ref>''Reiner E., Pingree D''. Babylonian Planetary Omens. Part Three. Groningen, STYX Publications. 1998.</ref>, 287; Dietrich 1996<ref>''Dietrich M.'' Altbabylonische Omina zur Sonnenfinsternis // WZKM. 1996. Bd. 86. S. 99-106.</ref>; Gossman 1950<ref name=":0" /> 373, III; Largement 1957<ref>''Largement R.'' Contribution à l’Etudes des Astres errants dans l’Astrologie chaldéenne // ZA. 1957. Bd. 18. S.235-264. Abbreviated ACh.</ref>, 240:20, 22, 25b, 254:114; Verderame 2002<ref>''Verderame L.'' Enūma Anu Enlil Tablets 1-13 // Under One Sky. Astronomy and Mathematics in the Ancient Near East. Ed. J.M.Steele – A.Imhausen. Münster, Ugarit-Verlag 2002. P. 447- 455.</ref>, 249; Van Soldt 1995<ref>''Soldt W.H. van''. Solar Omens of Enuma Anu Enlil: Tablets 23(24) – 29(30). Istanbul, 1995.</ref>, 149; SpTU I<ref name=":1">''Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk.'' Teil I / Bearb. von H.Hunger. Berlin, 1976.</ref>, 90:11,16,17, r. 8'; 91:11; SpTU III<ref>''Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk.'' Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.</ref>, 101:28, 29, 37].
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* (6) Astrological predictions:
* (6) Astrological predictions:
** (a) DIŠ KUR ''ina'' ŠA<sub>3</sub> ''ni-di'' KUR-''ḫa'' 3.20 ŠUR<sub>2</sub>-''ma'' <sup>giš</sup>TUKUL ''i-na-ši'' "If the Sun rises in the nīdu-clouds: The king will become angry and take up arms" (II iii 40),
** (a) DIŠ KUR ''ina'' ŠA<sub>3</sub> ''ni-di'' KUR-''ḫa'' 3.20 ŠUR<sub>2</sub>-''ma'' <sup>giš</sup>TUKUL ''i-na-ši'' "If the Sun rises in the nīdu-clouds: The king will become angry and take up arms" (II iii 40),
** (b) DIŠ <sup>d</sup>UTU ''ina'' ŠA<sub>3</sub> ''ni-di'' ŠU<sub>2</sub> LUGAL BE "If the Sun sets in the nīdu-clouds: the king will die" (II iii 41) [MA, 37, 70, 72-77, 82-84, 88-89, 114].
** (b) DIŠ <sup>d</sup>UTU ''ina'' ŠA<sub>3</sub> ''ni-di'' ŠU<sub>2</sub> LUGAL BE "If the Sun sets in the nīdu-clouds: the king will die" (II iii 41) [MA<ref>Hunger, H. and Steele, J. M. (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY</ref>, 37, 70, 72-77, 82-84, 88-89, 114].
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|'''"Letters" and "Reports."'''
|'''"Letters" and "Reports."'''
See. [SAA 10<ref>''A. Sachs, T. Pinches, J. Strassmaier,'' Late Babylonian Astronomical and Related Texts, London, 1955.</ref>, 380b; SAA 8<ref>''Hunger H.'' Astrological Reports to Assyrian Kings. Helsinki, 1992 (State Archives of Assyria, VIII).</ref>, 352a].
See. [SAA 10, 380b; SAA 8, 352a].
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* (3) list of planets: <sup>d</sup>utu comes second, see [SAA 10.380b; SAA 8]. (Kurtik u07) [[UDU.IDIM]];
* (3) list of planets: <sup>d</sup>utu comes second, see [SAA 10.380b; SAA 8]. (Kurtik u07) [[UDU.IDIM]];
* (4) <sup>d</sup>utu ''ina'' kur-''šu''<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>en.lil<sub>2</sub> "The Sun during its rising – Enlil";
* (4) <sup>d</sup>utu ''ina'' kur-''šu''<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>en.lil<sub>2</sub> "The Sun during its rising – Enlil";
* (5) <sup>d</sup>utu ''ina šu''<sub>2</sub>-''šu''<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>˹nin<sup>?</sup>.urta˺ "The Sun during its setting – Ninurta" [Mesop.Astrol., App. B: 140, 154, 241, 288, 289].
* (5) <sup>d</sup>utu ''ina šu''<sub>2</sub>-''šu''<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>˹nin<sup>?</sup>.urta˺ "The Sun during its setting – Ninurta" [Mesop.Astrol.<ref>''Koch-Westenholz U''. Mesopotamian  Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.</ref>, App. B: 140, 154, 241, 288, 289].
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|'''Star List VR 46, 1:30.'''
|'''Star List VR 46, 1:30.'''
* <sup>d</sup>''Šullat''(pa) ''u'' <sup>d</sup>''Ḫaniš''(lugal) = <sup>d</sup>utu ''u'' <sup>d</sup>im "Shullat and Hanish = Shamash and Adad" [HBA, 52:30; Wee 2016, 162-3].
* <sup>d</sup>''Šullat''(pa) ''u'' <sup>d</sup>''Ḫaniš''(lugal) = <sup>d</sup>utu ''u'' <sup>d</sup>im "Shullat and Hanish = Shamash and Adad" [HBA<ref>''Weidner E.'' Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.</ref>, 52:30; Wee 2016<ref>Wee, J. (2016). Virtual Moons over Babylonia: The Calendar Text System, Its Micro-Zodiac of 13, and the Making of Medical Zodiology. The Circulation of Astronomical Knowledge in the Ancient World, Ed. J. M. Steele, 139–229.</ref>, 162-3].
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|'''Temple ritual in Babylon.'''
|'''Temple ritual in Babylon.'''
* <sup>d</sup>utu ''nūr''(zalag<sub>2</sub>) ''kib-rat'' "the sun, light of the whole world" [RAcc. 138:314; Linssen 2004, 220, 229].
* <sup>d</sup>utu ''nūr''(zalag<sub>2</sub>) ''kib-rat'' "the sun, light of the whole world" [RAcc.<ref>''Thureau-Dansin F''. Rittuels accadiens. Paris, 1921.</ref> 138:314; Linssen 2004<ref>''Linssen, Marc J.H.'' The Cults of Uruk and Babylon : The Temple Ritual Texts as Evidence for Hellenistic Cult Practises. Vol. 25. Cuneiform Monographs. Leiden, Boston : Brill, Styx. 2004.</ref>, 220, 229].
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|'''Late astrology.'''
|'''Late astrology.'''
* (1) "Horoscopes." See. [BH, passim].
* (1) "Horoscopes." See. [BH, passim].
* (2) "Hypsoma." KI ''ni-ṣir-tu''<sub>4</sub> ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>UTU <sup>múl lú</sup>ḪUN.GA<sub>2</sub> AN-''e'' [...] "'Secret place' of the Sun: Hired Man (=Aries) celestial(?) [...]" [STC I 212; II, Pl. 69; Landsberger 1923], quoted in [Rochberg-Halton 1988a, 55:30].
* (2) "Hypsoma." KI ''ni-ṣir-tu''<sub>4</sub> ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>UTU <sup>múl lú</sup>ḪUN.GA<sub>2</sub> AN-''e'' [...] "'Secret place' of the Sun: Hired Man (=Aries) celestial(?) [...]" [STC I<ref>''King L.W.'' The Seven Tablets of Creation. Vol. I-II. London, 1902.</ref> 212; II, Pl. 69; Landsberger 1923<ref>''Landsberger B.'' Ein astralmythologischer Kommentar aus der Spätzeit babylonischer Gelehrsamkeit // AfK. 1923. Bd. 1. S. 69-82.</ref>], quoted in [Rochberg-Halton 1988a<ref>''Rochberg-Halton F.'' Elements of the Babylonian Contribution to Hellenistic Astrology // JAOS. 1988. Vol. 108. P. 51-62.</ref>, 55:30].
* (3) Prediction of grain prices by observations of the positions of the planets relative to the zodiacal constellations and other phenomena [SpTU I, 94, passim].
* (3) Prediction of grain prices by observations of the positions of the planets relative to the zodiacal constellations and other phenomena [SpTU I<ref name=":1" />, 94, passim].
* (4) Predictions according to the culminations of the stars, lunar eclipses, and the positions of the Sun relative to constellations [SpTU III, 102, passim]; see also [SpTU I, 95; SpTU IV, 161].
* (4) Predictions according to the culminations of the stars, lunar eclipses, and the positions of the Sun relative to constellations [SpTU III, 102, passim]; see also [SpTU I<ref name=":1" />, 95; SpTU IV<ref>''URUK. Špätbabylonische Texte aus dem Planquadrat U 18''. Teil IV / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Mainz am Rhein, 1993.</ref>, 161].
* (5) Predictions of eclipses of the Sun for each month, related to observations of the culminations of stars and other phenomena [Schaumberger 1955, 244-247, Sp II 202+].
* (5) Predictions of eclipses of the Sun for each month, related to observations of the culminations of stars and other phenomena [Schaumberger 1955<ref>''Schaumberger J.'' Anaphora und Aufgangskalender in neuen Ziqpu-Texten // ZA. 1955. Bd. 55 (N.F. 17). S. 237-251.</ref>, 244-247, Sp II 202+].
Namburbi's series of spells. A spell "against the evil (foreshadowed) by an eclipse of the sun" [CT 41, 23:3; Ebeling 1954, 10-11].
Namburbi's series of spells. A spell "against the evil (foreshadowed) by an eclipse of the sun" [CT<ref>''Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.''</ref> 41, 23:3; Ebeling 1954<ref>''Ebeling E.'' Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Beschwörungsserie Namburbi // RA. 1954. Vol. 48, № 1. P. 1-15.</ref>, 10-11].
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Latest revision as of 06:27, 16 December 2025

dUTU (𒀭𒌓) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.

Concordance, Etymology, History

Krebernik (2023)

Utu/Šamaš. The sun god. dUTU (EA 6–7r).

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim, Safford

Var. readings and notations: 20, d20, MAN; = dŠamaš; the solar god Shamash, the Sun [Gossman 1950[1] 135], see also (Kurtik d09) DINGIR, (Kurtik m04) MAN, (Kurtik sh03) Šamaš.

Sources Identifications
"Prayers to the Gods of the Night."
  • Neo-Assyrian prayer: mul dUTU [Oppenheim 1959[2], 283:19].
EAE.

See. [Rochberg-Halton 1988, 40, 87, 214; BPO 2[3], III 24b, XVIII 9; BPO 3[4], 287; Dietrich 1996[5]; Gossman 1950[1] 373, III; Largement 1957[6], 240:20, 22, 25b, 254:114; Verderame 2002[7], 249; Van Soldt 1995[8], 149; SpTU I[9], 90:11,16,17, r. 8'; 91:11; SpTU III[10], 101:28, 29, 37].

MUL.APIN.
  • (1) The stars of Ea (no. 7), see (Kurtik h03) Ḫanīš.
  • (2) Planets "in the path of the Moon": KASKAL dSin DU-ku dUTU DU-ak "the Sun passes (the same path) that the Moon passes" (II i 1).
  • (3) First intercalation scheme:
    • (a) dUTU ša2 ina id imSI.SA2 KI SAG.DU mulUR.GU.LA KUR-ḫa / GUR-ma ana id imU18.LU u4-mu 40 NINDA.TA.AM3 ul-ta-nap-pal / UDmeš LUGUD2.DAmeš GI6meš GID2.DAmeš "The sun, which rises towards the north together with the head of the Lion and turns and moves down towards the south at the rate of 40 NINDA per day. The days are getting shorter and the nights longer" II i 11–13),
    • (b) ina itiDU6 UD.15.KAM dUTU ina lib3-bi mulzi-ba-ni-tu4 ina dUTU.E3 KUR-ḫa / u dSin ina IGI MUL.MUL EGIR mul lúḪUN.GA2 GUB-az-ma / 3 MA.NA EN.NUN u4-mi 3 MA.NA EN.NUN GI6 "On the 15th day of Tashrit, the Sun rises in Libra in the East, and the Moon faces the Star Cluster behind the Hired Man. 3 mins – the day guard, 3 mins – the night guard" (II i 14–15),
    • (c) dUTU ša2 ina id imU18.LU KI SAG.DU mulUR.GU.LA KUR-ḫa GUR-ma ana id imSI.SA2 / UD 40 NINDA.TA.AM3 un-da-na-ḫar UDmeš GID2.DAmeš GI6 LUGUD2.DA "The sun, which rises towards the south with the head of the Lion and turns and moves towards the north at the rate of 40 NINDA per day. The days are getting longer, the nights are getting shorter" (II i 17–18),
    • (d) ina itiBAR2 UD 15 [KAM] dSin ina li-la-a-ti ina ŠA3 / mulzi-ba-ni-tu2 ina dUTU.E3 u dUTU ina dUTU.ŠU2.A / ina IGI MUL.MUL EGIR mulḪUN.GA2 GUB-ma 3 MA.NA EN.NUN u4-mi 3 MA.NA EN.NUN GI6 "On the 15th day of Nisan, the Moon is in Libra in the east and in the evening, and the Sun stands in the west, ahead of the Star Cluster (and) behind the Hired Man. 3 mins – the day guard, 3 mins – the night guard" (II i 19–21),
    • (e) ina itiBAR2 UD 15 KAM ina itiŠU UD 15 KAM ina itiDU6 UD 15 KAM ina itiAB UD 15 KAM / KURmeš ša2 dUTU NAmeš ša2 dSin IGI.DUḪ.Ameš ša2 mulKAK.SI.SA2 / ŠEŠ-ar2 UDmeš DIRImeš IGI.LA2 "On the 15th of nisan, 15th of duuzu, 15th of tashrit, and the 15th of tebet, observe the sunrises, the intervals of visibility of the Moon, the appearances of the Arrow, and find how many days are in excess" (II i 22-24), see also (Kurtik k10) KAK.SI.SA2.
  • (4) Planetary theory: KASKAL dUTU "Path of the Sun" (II i 50, 52, 53, 57), apparently the arc of the horizon within which the Sun rises.
  • (5) The Sun on the paths of Anu, Enlil, and Ea:
    • (a) TA UD 1 KAM ša2 itiŠE EN UD 30 KAM ša2 itiGU4 dUTU ina KASKAL šu-ut dA-nim / GUB-ma zi-qu u UD.D[A] "From (the 1st of adar to the 30th of ayar the Sun stands in the path of (the stars of) Anu: wind and stor[m]. "
    • (b) TA UD 1 KAM ša2 itiSIG4 EN UD 30 KAM ša2 itiIZI dUTU / ina KASKAL šu-ut dEn-lil2 GUB-ma BURU14 u u uš-šu "From the 1st of siman to the 30th of ab, the Sun stands in the way of (the stars of) Enlil: harvest and heat."
    • (c) [T]A UD 1 KAM ša2 itiKIN EN UD 30 KAM ša2 itiAPIN dUTU / ina KASKAL šu-ut dA-nim GUB-ma zi-qu u UD.DA "[O]n the 1st day of ulul to the 30th of arahsamnu, the Sun stands in the path of (the stars of) Anu: wind and storm."
    • (d) [TA UD 1 K]AM ša2 itiGAN EN UD 30 KAM ša2 itiZIZ2 dUTU ina KASKAL / šu-ut dE2-a GUB-ma EN.TE.NA "[From the 1st] day of kislim to the 30th of shabbat, the Sun stands in the path of (the stars of) Ea: cold" (II Gap A 1-7).
  • (6) Astrological predictions:
    • (a) DIŠ KUR ina ŠA3 ni-di KUR-ḫa 3.20 ŠUR2-ma gišTUKUL i-na-ši "If the Sun rises in the nīdu-clouds: The king will become angry and take up arms" (II iii 40),
    • (b) DIŠ dUTU ina ŠA3 ni-di ŠU2 LUGAL BE "If the Sun sets in the nīdu-clouds: the king will die" (II iii 41) [MA[11], 37, 70, 72-77, 82-84, 88-89, 114].
"Letters" and "Reports."

See. [SAA 10[12], 380b; SAA 8[13], 352a].

"Great Star List and Miscellenia."
  • (1) mulan.ta.sur.ra = dutu "Antasurra = Sun";
  • (2) muldingir.gub.ba.meš = d30 u dutu "Standing gods = Sin and Shamash";
  • (3) list of planets: dutu comes second, see [SAA 10.380b; SAA 8]. (Kurtik u07) UDU.IDIM;
  • (4) dutu ina kur-šu2 den.lil2 "The Sun during its rising – Enlil";
  • (5) dutu ina šu2-šu2 d˹nin?.urta˺ "The Sun during its setting – Ninurta" [Mesop.Astrol.[14], App. B: 140, 154, 241, 288, 289].
Star List VR 46, 1:30.
  • dŠullat(pa) u dḪaniš(lugal) = dutu u dim "Shullat and Hanish = Shamash and Adad" [HBA[15], 52:30; Wee 2016[16], 162-3].
Temple ritual in Babylon.
  • dutu nūr(zalag2) kib-rat "the sun, light of the whole world" [RAcc.[17] 138:314; Linssen 2004[18], 220, 229].
Late astrology.
  • (1) "Horoscopes." See. [BH, passim].
  • (2) "Hypsoma." KI ni-ṣir-tu4 ša2 dUTU múl lúḪUN.GA2 AN-e [...] "'Secret place' of the Sun: Hired Man (=Aries) celestial(?) [...]" [STC I[19] 212; II, Pl. 69; Landsberger 1923[20]], quoted in [Rochberg-Halton 1988a[21], 55:30].
  • (3) Prediction of grain prices by observations of the positions of the planets relative to the zodiacal constellations and other phenomena [SpTU I[9], 94, passim].
  • (4) Predictions according to the culminations of the stars, lunar eclipses, and the positions of the Sun relative to constellations [SpTU III, 102, passim]; see also [SpTU I[9], 95; SpTU IV[22], 161].
  • (5) Predictions of eclipses of the Sun for each month, related to observations of the culminations of stars and other phenomena [Schaumberger 1955[23], 244-247, Sp II 202+].

Namburbi's series of spells. A spell "against the evil (foreshadowed) by an eclipse of the sun" [CT[24] 41, 23:3; Ebeling 1954[25], 10-11].

Additional

II. Astrology.

Identifications:

      (1) = Saturn; see (Kurtik u09) UDU.IDIM.SAG.UŠ, III 1-2.

      (2) = Mercury; see (Kurtik u08) UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD, IV 5.

      (3) = Libra; see (Kurtik z10) Zibānītum, VI 2.

      (4) = Shullāt; see (Kurtik h03) dḪaniš, I "List of Stars VR 46, 1:30".

Predictions:

      See the literature cited in section I (EAE, "Letters" and "Reports") as well as numerous articles in the present edition.

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022) Gössmann (1950)
вар. чтения и обозначения: 20, d20, MAN; = dŠamaš; солнечный бог Шамаш, Солнце [Gossman 1950 135], см. также d09DINGIR, m04MAN,  sh03Šamaš.

I. Источники.

«Молитвы ночным богам». Новоассирийская молитва: mul dUTU [Oppenheim 1959, 283:19]. ЕАЕ. См. [Rochberg-Halton 1988, 40, 87, 214; BPO 2, III 24b, XVIII 9; BPO 3, 287; Dietrich 1996; Gossman 1950 373, III; Largement 1957, 240:20, 22, 25b, 254:114; Verderame 2002, 249; Van Soldt 1995, 149; SpTU I, 90:11,16,17, r. 8'; 91:11; SpTU III, 101:28, 29, 37]. MUL.APIN. (1) Звезды Эа (№ 7), см. h03Ḫanīš. (2) Планеты «на пути Луны»: KASKAL dSin DU-ku dUTU DU-ak «Солнце проходит (тот же путь), что Луна проходит» (II i 1). (3) Первая интеркаляционная схема: a) dUTU ša2 ina id imSI.SA2 KI SAG.DU mulUR.GU.LA KUR-ḫa / GUR-ma ana id imU18.LU u4-mu 40 NINDA.TA.AM3 ul-ta-nap-pal / UDmeš LUGUD2.DAmeš GI6meš GID2.DAmeš «Солнце, которое взошло по направлению к северу с головой Льва, поворачивает и движется вниз по направлению к югу со скоростью 40 NINDA за день. Дни становятся короче, ночи длиннее» (II i 11–13), b) ina itiDU6 UD.15.KAM dUTU ina lib3-bi mulzi-ba-ni-tu4 ina dUTU.E3 KUR-ḫa / u dSin ina IGI MUL.MUL EGIR mul lúḪUN.GA2 GUB-az-ma / 3 MA.NA EN.NUN u4-mi 3 MA.NA EN.NUN GI6 «15-го ташриту Солнце восходит в Весах на востоке, и Луна стоит перед Звездами позади Наемника. 3 мины — дневная стража, 3 мины — ночная стража» (II i 14–15), c) dUTU ša2 ina id imU18.LU KI SAG.DU mulUR.GU.LA KUR-ḫa GUR-ma ana id imSI.SA2 / UD 40 NINDA.TA.AM3 un-da-na-ḫar UDmeš GID2.DAmeš GI6 LUGUD2.DA «Солнце, которое взошло по направлению к югу с головой Льва, поворачивает и движется по направлению к северу со скоростью 40 NINDA за день. Дни становятся длиннее, ночи становятся короче» (II i 17–18), d) ina itiBAR2 UD 15 [KAM] dSin ina li-la-a-ti ina ŠA3 / mulzi-ba-ni-tu2 ina dUTU.E3 u dUTU ina dUTU.ŠU2.A / ina IGI MUL.MUL EGIR mulḪUN.GA2 GUB-ma 3 MA.NA EN.NUN u4-mi 3 MA.NA EN.NUN GI6 «15-го нисану Луна вечером в Весах на востоке, а Солнце на западе впереди Звезд (и) позади Наемника стоит. 3 мины — дневная стража, 3 мины — ночная стража» (II i 19–21), e) ina itiBAR2 UD 15 KAM ina itiŠU UD 15 KAM ina itiDU6 UD 15 KAM ina itiAB UD 15 KAM / KURmeš ša2 dUTU NAmeš ša2 dSin IGI.DUḪ.Ameš ša2 mulKAK.SI.SA2 / ŠEŠ-ar2 UDmeš DIRImeš IGI.LA2 «15-го нисану, 15-го дуузу, 15-го ташриту, 15-го тебету, ты наблюдаешь восходы Солнца, промежутки видимости Луны, появления Стрелы и ты находишь, сколько дней в избытке» (II i 22–24), см. также k10KAK.SI.SA2. (4) Планетная теория: KASKAL dUTU «Путь Солнца» (II i 50, 52, 53, 57), по-видимому, дуга горизонта, в пределах которой восходит Солнце. (5) Солнце на путях Ану, Энлиля и Эа: a) TA UD 1 KAM ša2 itiŠE EN UD 30 KAM ša2 itiGU4 dUTU ina KASKAL šu-ut dA-nim / GUB-ma zi-qu u UD.D[A]  «От 1-го аддару до 30-го айяру Солнце стоит на пути (звезд) Ану: ветер и бур[я].» b) TA UD 1 KAM ša2 itiSIG4 EN UD 30 KAM ša2 itiIZI dUTU / ina KASKAL šu-ut dEn-lil2 GUB-ma BURU14 u uš-šu «От 1-го симану до 30-го абу Солнце стоит на пути (звезд) Энлиля: жатва и жара.» с) [T]A UD 1 KAM ša2 itiKIN EN UD 30 KAM ša2 itiAPIN dUTU / ina KASKAL šu-ut dA-nim GUB-ma zi-qu u UD.DA «[О]т 1-го улулу до 30-го арахсамну Солнце стоит на пути (звезд) Ану: ветер и буря.» d) [TA UD 1 K]AM ša2 itiGAN EN UD 30 KAM ša2 itiZIZ2 dUTU ina KASKAL / šu-ut dE2-a GUB-ma EN.TE.NA «[От 1-го] кислиму до 30-го шабату Солнце стоит на пути (звезд) Эа: холод» (II  Gap A 1–7). (6) Астрологические предсказания: a) DIŠ KUR ina ŠA3 ni-di KUR-ḫa 3,20 ŠUR2-ma gišTUKUL i-na-ši «Если Солнце восходит в nīdu-облаке: царь разгневается и возьмется за оружие» (II iii 40), b) DIŠ dUTU ina ŠA3 ni-di ŠU2 LUGAL BE «Если Солнце садится в nīdu-облаке: царь умрет» (II iii 41) [MA, 37, 70, 72–77, 82–84, 88–89, 114]. «Письма» и «Рапорты». См. [SAA 10, 380b; SAA 8, 352а]. «Большой список звезд». (1) mulan.ta.sur.ra = dutu «Антасурра = Солнце»; (2) muldingir.gub.ba.meš = d30 u dutu «Стоящие боги = Син и Шамаш»; (3) список планет: на втором месте dutu, см. u07UDU.IDIM; (4) dutu ina kur-šu2 den.lil2 «Солнце при своем восходе — Энлиль»; (5) dutu ina šu2-šu2 d˹nin?.urta˺ «Солнце при своем заходе — Нинурта» [Mesop.Astrol., App. B: 140, 154, 241, 288, 289]. Список звезд VR 46, 1:30. dŠullat(pa) u dḪaniš(lugal) = dutu u dim «Шуллат и Ханиш = Шамаш и Адад» [HBA, 52:30; Wee 2016, 162–3]. Храмовый ритуал в Вавилоне. dutu nūr(zalag2) kib-rat «Солнце, свет мировых регионов» [RАcc. 138:314; Linssen 2004, 220, 229]. Поздняя астрология. (1) «Гороскопы». См. [BH, passim]. (2) «Гипсома». KI ni-ṣir-tu4 ša2 dUTU múl lúḪUN.GA2 AN-e […] «“Секретное место” Солнца: Наемник (=Овен) небесный(?) […]» [STC I 212; II, Pl. 69; Landsberger 1923], цит. по [Rochberg-Halton 1988a, 55:30]. (3)  Предсказание цен на злаки по наблюдениям положений планет относительно зодиакальных созвездий и другим явлениям [SpTU I, 94, passim]. (4) Предсказания по кульминациям звезд, лунным затмениям  и положениям Солнца относительно созвездий [SpTU III, 102, passim]; см. также [SpTU I, 95; SpTU IV, 161]. (5) Предсказания затмений Солнца на каждый месяц, связанные с наблюдениями кульминаций звезд и других явлений [Schaumberger 1955, 244–247, Sp II 202+]. Серия заклинаний Намбурби. Заклинание «против зла (предвещаемого) затмением Солнца» [CT 41, 23:3; Ebeling 1954, 10–11].

II. Астрология.

Отождествления:

(1) = Сатурн; см. u09UDU.IDIM.SAG.UŠ, III 1–2.

(2) = Меркурий; см. u08UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD, IV 5.

(3) = Весы; см. z10Zibānītum, VI 2.

(4) = Шуллат; см. h03dḪaniš, I «Список звезд VR 46, 1:30».

Предсказания:

См. литературу, указанную в разделе I (EAE, «Письма» и «Рапорты»), а также многочисленные статьи настоящего издания.

Example

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
  2. ↑ Oppenheim A.L. A New Prayer to the “Gods of the Night” // Analecta biblica. 1959. Vol. 12. P. 282-301.
  3. ↑ Reiner E., Pingree D. Enuma Anu Enlil, Tablets 50-51. Undena Publications, Malibu, 1981 (Babylonian Planetary Omens: Part Two).
  4. ↑ Reiner E., Pingree D. Babylonian Planetary Omens. Part Three. Groningen, STYX Publications. 1998.
  5. ↑ Dietrich M. Altbabylonische Omina zur Sonnenfinsternis // WZKM. 1996. Bd. 86. S. 99-106.
  6. ↑ Largement R. Contribution à l’Etudes des Astres errants dans l’Astrologie chaldéenne // ZA. 1957. Bd. 18. S.235-264. Abbreviated ACh.
  7. ↑ Verderame L. Enūma Anu Enlil Tablets 1-13 // Under One Sky. Astronomy and Mathematics in the Ancient Near East. Ed. J.M.Steele – A.Imhausen. Münster, Ugarit-Verlag 2002. P. 447- 455.
  8. ↑ Soldt W.H. van. Solar Omens of Enuma Anu Enlil: Tablets 23(24) – 29(30). Istanbul, 1995.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk. Teil I / Bearb. von H.Hunger. Berlin, 1976.
  10. ↑ Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk. Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.
  11. ↑ Hunger, H. and Steele, J. M. (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY
  12. ↑ A. Sachs, T. Pinches, J. Strassmaier, Late Babylonian Astronomical and Related Texts, London, 1955.
  13. ↑ Hunger H. Astrological Reports to Assyrian Kings. Helsinki, 1992 (State Archives of Assyria, VIII).
  14. ↑ Koch-Westenholz U. Mesopotamian  Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.
  15. ↑ Weidner E. Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.
  16. ↑ Wee, J. (2016). Virtual Moons over Babylonia: The Calendar Text System, Its Micro-Zodiac of 13, and the Making of Medical Zodiology. The Circulation of Astronomical Knowledge in the Ancient World, Ed. J. M. Steele, 139–229.
  17. ↑ Thureau-Dansin F. Rittuels accadiens. Paris, 1921.
  18. ↑ Linssen, Marc J.H. The Cults of Uruk and Babylon : The Temple Ritual Texts as Evidence for Hellenistic Cult Practises. Vol. 25. Cuneiform Monographs. Leiden, Boston : Brill, Styx. 2004.
  19. ↑ King L.W. The Seven Tablets of Creation. Vol. I-II. London, 1902.
  20. ↑ Landsberger B. Ein astralmythologischer Kommentar aus der Spätzeit babylonischer Gelehrsamkeit // AfK. 1923. Bd. 1. S. 69-82.
  21. ↑ Rochberg-Halton F. Elements of the Babylonian Contribution to Hellenistic Astrology // JAOS. 1988. Vol. 108. P. 51-62.
  22. ↑ URUK. Špätbabylonische Texte aus dem Planquadrat U 18. Teil IV / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Mainz am Rhein, 1993.
  23. ↑ Schaumberger J. Anaphora und Aufgangskalender in neuen Ziqpu-Texten // ZA. 1955. Bd. 55 (N.F. 17). S. 237-251.
  24. ↑ Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.
  25. ↑ Ebeling E. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Beschwörungsserie Namburbi // RA. 1954. Vol. 48, № 1. P. 1-15.
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