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{{DISPLAYTITLE:<sup>múl giš</sup>DA}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:<sup>múl giš</sup>DA}}
[[File:Hyaden+plejaden smh2025 isle.JPG|alt=photograph-map|thumb|The Babylonian constellation "Jaw of the Bull", Sumerian DA, Akkadian is lê, typically identified with the Hyades. (Map: Susanne M Hoffmann 2025, with own photography of the star clusters and Jupiter).]]
[[File:Hyaden+plejaden smh2025 isle.JPG|alt=photograph-map|thumb|The Babylonian constellation "Jaw of the Bull", Sumerian DA, Akkadian ''is lê,'' typically identified with the Hyades. (Map: Susanne M Hoffmann 2025, with own photography of the star clusters and Jupiter).]]
A name for the ‘Bulls Jaw’ asterism in the constellation [[Taurus]]. The asterism is typically identified with the Hyades.
<sup>múl giš</sup>DA (𒋼𒄑𒁕) is a name for the ‘Bull's Jaw’ asterism in the constellation [[Taurus]]. The asterism is typically identified with the Hyades.


==Concordance, Etymology, History==
==Dictionary==
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
= ''is le''<sub>10</sub>; a pseudo-Sumerogram for the constellation <sup>mul</sup>''Is lê'' "Bull's Jaw" (= Hyades + Aldebaran).
= ''is le''<sub>10</sub>; a pseudo-Sumerogram for the constellation <sup>mul</sup>''Is lê'' "Bull's Jaw" (= Hyades + Aldebaran).


Standard meaning <sup>giš</sup>DA = <sup>giš</sup>lēʼu "tablet (for writing)". [AHw, 546-547]. The use of <sup>giš</sup>DA for ''is lê'' is explained by two coincidences: 1) ''is'' and giš are graphically the same sign, 2) lê (from lû, līʼu "bull" [AHw, 560]) is phonetically close to lēʼu "tablet" [3 Erg. 336; G. 77, 96].
Standard meaning <sup>giš</sup>DA = <sup>giš</sup>''lēʼu'' "tablet (for writing)". [AHw<ref>''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 546-547]. The use of <sup>giš</sup>DA for ''is lê'' is explained by two coincidences:

* 1) ''is'' and giš are graphically the same sign,
* 2) ''lê'' (from l''û, līʼu'' "bull" [AHw, 560]) is phonetically close to ''lēʼu'' "tablet" [3 Erg.<ref>3.Ergänzungsheft   zum   ersten  und   zweiten   Buch   von J.Schaumberger. Münster, 1935.</ref> 336; Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 77, 96].
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Sources!!Identifications
!Sources!!Identifications
|-
|-
|'''“Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts”'''
|The name was used in the '''“Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts”''' (usually without the determinative) to refer to α Tauri (= Aldebaran) as a normal star (see m39 [[MÚL.ŠID.MEŠ]]); for the earliest examples see. [ADRT I, -384 Rev. 9, -378 Obv. 6', -372 A Col. I 6, 10 and passim]. See also [LBAT, 1564 r. 7, 1567:4], in the latter case the name is given with the determinative múl. See also i15 [[Is le10|Is le<sub>10</sub>]].||Example
The name was used (usually without the determinative) to refer to α Tauri (= Aldebaran) as a normal star (see Kurtik m39) [[MUL2.ŠID.MEŠ|MUL<sub>2</sub>.ŠID.MEŠ]]; for the earliest examples see. [ADRT I<ref>''Sachs A., Hunger H''. Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts from Babylonia. Vol. I: Diaries from 652 B.C. to 262 B.C.; Vol. II: from 261 B.C. to 165 B.C.; Vol. III: Diaries from 164 B.C. to 75 B.C. Vienna, 1988, 1989, 1991.</ref>, -384 Rev. 9, -378 Obv. 6', -372 A Col. I 6, 10 and passim]. See also [LBAT<ref>''A. Sachs, T. Pinches, J. Strassmaier,'' Late Babylonian Astronomical and Related Texts, London, 1955.</ref>, 1564 r. 7, 1567:4], in the latter case the name is given with the determinative múl. See also (Kurtik i15) [[Is le10|Is le<sub>10</sub>]].
|Example
|}
|}
===Historical Dictionaries===
===Historical Dictionaries===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Kurtik (2022)!!Gössmann (1950)
!Kurtik (2022, d01)!!Gössmann (1950)
|-
|-
|= ''is'' le<sub>10</sub>; псевдошумерограмма для обозначения созвездия mulIs lê «Челюсть Быка» (= Гиады + Альдебаран).
|= ''is'' le<sub>10</sub>; псевдошумерограмма для обозначения созвездия mulIs lê «Челюсть Быка» (= Гиады + Альдебаран).

Latest revision as of 19:01, 3 September 2025

photograph-map
The Babylonian constellation "Jaw of the Bull", Sumerian DA, Akkadian is lê, typically identified with the Hyades. (Map: Susanne M Hoffmann 2025, with own photography of the star clusters and Jupiter).

múl gišDA (𒋼𒄑𒁕) is a name for the ‘Bull's Jaw’ asterism in the constellation Taurus. The asterism is typically identified with the Hyades.

Concordance, Etymology, History

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

= is le10; a pseudo-Sumerogram for the constellation mulIs lê "Bull's Jaw" (= Hyades + Aldebaran).

Standard meaning gišDA = gišlēʼu "tablet (for writing)". [AHw[1], 546-547]. The use of gišDA for is lê is explained by two coincidences:

  • 1) is and giš are graphically the same sign,
  • 2) lê (from lû, līʼu "bull" [AHw, 560]) is phonetically close to lēʼu "tablet" [3 Erg.[2] 336; Gössmann[3] 77, 96].
Sources Identifications
“Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts”

The name was used (usually without the determinative) to refer to α Tauri (= Aldebaran) as a normal star (see Kurtik m39) MUL2.ŠID.MEŠ; for the earliest examples see. [ADRT I[4], -384 Rev. 9, -378 Obv. 6', -372 A Col. I 6, 10 and passim]. See also [LBAT[5], 1564 r. 7, 1567:4], in the latter case the name is given with the determinative múl. See also (Kurtik i15) Is le10.

Example

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, d01) Gössmann (1950)
= is le10; псевдошумерограмма для обозначения созвездия mulIs lê «Челюсть Быка» (= Гиады + Альдебаран).

Стандартное значение gišDA = gišlēʼu «табличка (для письма)» [AHw, 546–547]. Использование gišDA для обозначения is lê объясняется двумя совпадениями: 1) is и giš графически один и тот же знак, 2) lê (от lû, līʼu «бык» [AHw, 560]) фонетически близко lēʼu «табличка» [3 Erg. 336; G. 77, 96].

Название использовалось в «Дневниках наблюдений» (как правило, без детерминатива) для обозначения α Tauri (= Альдебаран) как нормальной звезды (см. m39 MÚL.ŠID.MEŠ); самые ранние примеры см. [ADRT I, -384 Rev. 9, -378 Obv. 6', -372 A Col. I 6, 10 and passim]. См. также [LBAT, 1564 r. 7, 1567:4], в последнем случае название дано с детерминативом múl. См. также i15Is lê.

Example

References

  1. ↑ Soden von W. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.
  2. ↑ 3.Ergänzungsheft   zum   ersten  und   zweiten   Buch   von J.Schaumberger. Münster, 1935.
  3. ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
  4. ↑ Sachs A., Hunger H. Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts from Babylonia. Vol. I: Diaries from 652 B.C. to 262 B.C.; Vol. II: from 261 B.C. to 165 B.C.; Vol. III: Diaries from 164 B.C. to 75 B.C. Vienna, 1988, 1989, 1991.
  5. ↑ A. Sachs, T. Pinches, J. Strassmaier, Late Babylonian Astronomical and Related Texts, London, 1955.
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