LU.MAŠ: Difference between revisions
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<sup>mul / d</sup>LU.MAŠ (𒀯𒇻𒈦) = ''lumāšu'', is the closest term in Sumerian-Akkadian that matches English 'constellation,' i.e. a complex asterism consisting of multiple parts and numerous stars. In the late-period it has the technical meaning of a sign of the zodiac, and possibly a zodiacal constellation. Earlier in the context of Marduk organizing the constellations in the sky in Enuma Elish V: 1-2, the term refers to the likeness of the gods in the sky that mark off the divisions of the sky and set the parameters of the stellar calendar (Lambert 2013: 98-99 with note on p. 477). The Great Star List gives a set of 7 constellations that are identified as ''lumāšu''. |
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<sup>mul / d</sup>LU.MAŠ (𒀯𒇻𒈦) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism. |
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==Dictionary== |
==Dictionary== |
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=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim === |
=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim === |
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|'''"Great Star List and Miscellenia".''' |
|'''"Great Star List and Miscellenia".''' |
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* <sup>mul</sup>šu.gi <sup>mul</sup>ud.ka.duḫ.a <sup>mul</sup>sipa.zi.an.na <sup>mul</sup>kak.si.sa<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>en.te.<na>.bar.ḫum <sup>mul</sup>ti<sub>8</sub><sup>mušen</sup> <sup>mul</sup>pa.bil.sag = 7 ''lu-ma-šu''<sub>2</sub> [Mesop.Astrol., App. B: 226–230]; |
* <sup>mul</sup>šu.gi <sup>mul</sup>ud.ka.duḫ.a <sup>mul</sup>sipa.zi.an.na <sup>mul</sup>kak.si.sa<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>en.te.<na>.bar.ḫum <sup>mul</sup>ti<sub>8</sub><sup>mušen</sup> <sup>mul</sup>pa.bil.sag = 7 ''lu-ma-šu''<sub>2</sub> [Mesop.Astrol., App. B: 226–230]; The identification in CAD L, 245 as stars whose heliacal risings mark the dates of the solstices and equinoxes can now be disregarded. |
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|'''Text BM |
|'''Text BM 78161''' |
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'''Text BM 36599+.''' |
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lu<sub>2</sub>.maš is a common designation of the signs of the zodiac, first, as far as we know, in the lunar tables of the late 5th century BC. [Aaboe-Sachs 1969, 12: col. v 1]. |
lu<sub>2</sub>.maš is a common designation of the signs of the zodiac, first, as far as we know, in the lunar tables of the late 5th century BC. [Aaboe-Sachs 1969, 12: col. v 1]. |
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Revision as of 08:57, 31 July 2025
mul / dLU.MAŠ (𒀯𒇻𒈦) = lumāšu, is the closest term in Sumerian-Akkadian that matches English 'constellation,' i.e. a complex asterism consisting of multiple parts and numerous stars. In the late-period it has the technical meaning of a sign of the zodiac, and possibly a zodiacal constellation. Earlier in the context of Marduk organizing the constellations in the sky in Enuma Elish V: 1-2, the term refers to the likeness of the gods in the sky that mark off the divisions of the sky and set the parameters of the stellar calendar (Lambert 2013: 98-99 with note on p. 477). The Great Star List gives a set of 7 constellations that are identified as lumāšu.
Dictionary
Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim
Var. entry: LU2.MAŠ; = lumāšu; designation of the signs of the zodiac and possibly of the zodiacal constellations in later astronomical and astrological texts [G. 250; AHw, 563; CAD L, 244-245], see also (Kurtik L19) Lumāšu.
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"Great Star List and Miscellenia".
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GU-text.
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Text BM 78161
Text BM 36599+. lu2.maš is a common designation of the signs of the zodiac, first, as far as we know, in the lunar tables of the late 5th century BC. [Aaboe-Sachs 1969, 12: col. v 1]. |
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Mathematical astronomy.
In the ephemerides of the Seleucid times:
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Late astrology, magic and the calendar.
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Historical Dictionaries
Kurtik (2022, L09) | Gössmann (1950) |
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вар. записи: LU2.MAŠ; = lumāšu; обозначение знаков зодиака, а также, возможно, зодиакальных созвездий в поздних астрономических и астрологических текстах [G. 250; AHw, 563; CAD L, 244–245], см. также L19Lumāšu.
I. Источники. «Большой список звезд». mulšu.gi mulud.ka.duḫ.a mulsipa.zi.an.na mulkak.si.sa2 mulen.te.<na>.bar.ḫum multi8mušen mulpa.bil.sag = 7 lu-ma-šu2 [Mesop.Astrol., App. B: 226–230]; согласно [CAD L, 245], это звезды, чьи гелиакические восходы отмечали даты солнцестояний и равноденствий, что едва ли соответствует действительности. GU-текст. (D) lu-maš mu[lk]ak.si.sa2, (E) lu-<maš> mulkak.si.sa2 «созвездие Стрела» [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:6, 8]. Текст BM 36599+. lu2.maš — общее обозначение знаков зодиака, впервые, насколько нам известно, в лунных таблицах конца V в. до н.э. [Aaboe–Sachs 1969, 12: col. v 1]. Математическая астрономия. В эфемеридах селевкидского времени: а) lu.maš = «зодиак, знак зодиака», b) lu.maš.meš = «зодиак, знаки зодиака», с) ša2 lu.maš gab-bi «для всего зодиака», d) ina murub4 lu.maš gab-bi «для середины всего зодиака» [ACT II, 481b]. Поздняя астрология, магия и календарь. lu-maš / lu-ma-šu2 gab-bi «все лумашу» [TU, 11:2, 9, 20], múllu-ma-ši, múllu-maš [TU, 20: 3, 13], lu-maš ša2 an-e gab-bi «все лумашу неба» [TU, № 20:13], 12 lu-ma-ši u2-qat-ta «12 лумашу закончились» [TU, № 20:14], mu dlu-maš ina x sag šur-ri-i ša2 dlu-ma-ši u2-šar-ru-u2 [TU, 20:14], lu-ma-šu2 ša2 iti-šu2 dib-iq-ma «лумашу (= созвездие), который месяц свой прошел» (о гелиакическом восходе не в свой месяц) [Biggs 1968, 53:5], см. также [CAD L, 245b], iti.meš ša2 dudu.idim.meš u lu-ma-šu2 «месяцы планет и лумашу» [LBAT, 1616:19], múllu.maš [Sachs 1952, 66:6–8]. |
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