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[[File:Balance stellarium.jpg|thumb|Babylonian constellation of the Balance, Libra]] |
[[File:Balance stellarium.jpg|thumb|Babylonian constellation of the Balance, Libra]] |
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<sup>mul</sup>GI.GI (𒀯𒄀𒄀) = ''kakkab kittu u mēšaru,'' 'The Star of Truth and Justice'. A Sumerian and Akkadian hendiadys taking the first Sumerian GI for Akkadian ''kittu'', 'truth' and the second for ''mēšaru'', 'justice.' This term is used in reference to three asterisms: Saturn, the Sun-god Shamash, and constellation [[Libra]], all of whom are associated with justice and truth in cuneiform sources. Saturn's ''bīt niṣirti'', 'secret place' is in Libra. |
<sup>mul</sup>GI.GI (𒀯𒄀𒄀) = ''kakkab kittu u mēšaru,'' 'The Star of Truth and Justice'. A Sumerian and Akkadian hendiadys taking the first Sumerian GI for Akkadian ''kittu'', 'truth' and the second for ''mēšaru'', 'justice.' This term is used in reference to three asterisms: Saturn, the Sun-god Shamash, and constellation [[Libra]], all of whom are associated with justice and truth in cuneiform sources. Saturn's ''bīt niṣirti'', 'secret place' is in Libra. |
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==Concordance, Etymology, History== |
==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>== |
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=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim === |
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[Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 88, 230], the name of Saturn and [[Libra]]. |
[Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 88, 230], the name of Saturn and [[Libra]]. |
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Latest revision as of 19:55, 15 December 2025
mulGI.GI (𒀯𒄀𒄀) = kakkab kittu u mēšaru, 'The Star of Truth and Justice'. A Sumerian and Akkadian hendiadys taking the first Sumerian GI for Akkadian kittu, 'truth' and the second for mēšaru, 'justice.' This term is used in reference to three asterisms: Saturn, the Sun-god Shamash, and constellation Libra, all of whom are associated with justice and truth in cuneiform sources. Saturn's bīt niṣirti, 'secret place' is in Libra.
Concordance, Etymology, History[1]
[Gössmann[2] 88, 230], the name of Saturn and Libra.
- (MUL) Kittu (𒀯𒆤𒌓)
- = "Star of truth (and justice)"; an epithet of Saturn.
| Sources | Identifications |
|---|---|
Lexic. texts.
|
|
| Planisphere K. 8538.
In sector 6 the inscription: |
Additional
II. Identification.
(1) = Saturn;
(2) = constellation Librae = β(γ)λα2ισ Librae + 381G. Centauri, according to [Koch 1989[6], 79].
III. Astrology.
(1) The Star of Truth has weakened; DIŠ MUL ki-tu4 ŠER2.ŠER2 KUR ARḪUŠ u SILIM-mu [...] "If the Star of Truth weakens: the country, of mercy and peace [...]" [ACh Ištar[8], 25:26].
(2) The Star of Truth approaches the Crown of Anu; [DIŠ MUL ki-t]u4 a-na mulAGA.AN.NA TE dSAG.UŠ ina ŠA3 mulGU4.AN.NA KUR-ma "[If the Star of Truth] approaches the Crown of Anu, (this means): Saturn appears in the middle of the Celestial Bull." [ACh Ištar[8], 30:20].
Historical Dictionaries
| Kurtik (2022, g11) | Gössmann (1950) |
|---|---|
| [G. 88, 230], название Сатурна и Весов.
I. Источники. Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Ḫg. B VI: mulgi.gi = mul kit-tu2 u me-šar = dsag.uš dutu «Звезда gi.gi = Звезда правды и справедливости = Сатурн, Шамаш» [MSL XI, 40:39], поздняя параллель: mulgi.gi = mul kit-[tu2 …] [SpTU III, 116: Rs. iii 8]. (2) mulgi.[gi…] [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 4]; согласно интерпретации Коха, текст K.12619 ii 4-6: mulGI-[GI…] / kakkab kit-ti [u mi-ša-ri] / MUL MI mu[lzi-ba-an-na] «Звезда GI.GI = Звезда правды и справедливости = Темная звезда = Звезда Весы» [Koch 1989, 60–61]. Планисферa K. 8538. В секторе 6 надпись: ˹mulGI-GI˺ и изображение фигуры Весов(?) [Koch 1989, 59; Куртик 2007, рис. 9]. II. Отождествление. (1) = Сатурн; (2) = созвездие Весы = β(γ)λα2ισ Librae + 381G. Centauri, согласно [Koch 1989, 79]. III. Астрология. (1) Звезда Правды ослабела; DIŠ MUL ki-tu4 ŠER2.ŠER2 KUR ARḪUŠ u SILIM-mu […] «Если Звезда Правды ослабела: странa милосердие и мир […]» [ACh Ištar, 25:26]. (2) Звезда Правды приближается к Короне Ану; [DIŠ MUL ki-t]u4 a-na mulAGA.AN.NA TE dSAG.UŠ ina ŠA3 mulGU4.AN.NA KUR-ma «[Если Звезда Прав]ды к Короне Ану приближается, (это означает): Сатурн в середине Небесного Быка появляется» [ACh Ištar, 30:20]. |
Example |
| Kurtik (2022, k22) | Gössmann (1950) |
| = «Звезда правды (и справедливости)»; эпитет Сатурна [G. 230], см. g11GI.GI. |
References
- ↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
- ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
- ↑ Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = hubullu. Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.
- ↑ Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk. Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.
- ↑ Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Koch J. Neue Untersuchungen zur Topographie des babylonischen Fixsternhimmels. Wiesbaden, 1989.
- ↑ Kurtik, G. (2007): Звездное небо Древней Месопотамии. Шумеро-аккадские названия созвездий и других светил [The Star Heaven of Ancient Mesopotamia: Sumero-Akkadian Names of Constellations and Other Heavenly Bodies], Aletejja, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Ch. Virolleaud, L'astrologie chaldéenne S(in); Shamasz; Isht(ar); Adad; S/Supp. = Supplément; SS / 2.Supp. = Second Supplément (Paris 1905 - 1912)
