MA2.GUR8: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 07:56, 15 September 2025

^mulMA₂.GUR₈ (𒀯𒈣𒋽) = makurru,'the Barge' is a Mesopotamian asterism that is shaped like a river-barge in the area of Sagittarius and Corona Australis in the southern part of the Mesopotamian sky. Its shape can be verified by depictions of such barges in artwork, which show that both the prow and the bow of the barge are pointed upwards at both ends????. The term is also used in astronomy for the gibbous Moon (CAD^[1] M_I 142 or Steinkeller from below???).

How to translate

Need examples of ancient mes pictures???

Concordance, Etymology, History

Krebernik (2023)

MÁ.GUR₈ = makurru “The Barge”. ^mulMÁ.GUR₈ u ^mulSUḪUR.MÁŠ (EA 15l)

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

Var. designations:

1) = ^mulMakurru "Barge, Ship, Vessel"; constellation or star in Sagittarius or Sacerdotal (Sagittarius or Ara) [Gössmann^[2] 254];
2) epithet of the lunar deity Nanna [Steinkeller 2016^[3], 620-621; Laursen 2021^[4]]. and cf. Laursen 2021 for sea-faring ships suggestive of the shape of the waxing Moon.

Dilmun Boat shaped votive bowls for the Moon-god Nanna?


Sources	Identifications
MUL.APIN. List of the stars of Ea (nos. 14, 15): ^mulMA₂.GUR₈ u ^mulSUḪUR. MAŠ₂^ku6 "River Barge and Goat-Fish" (I ii 34) [MA^[5], 39].
List of stars V R, 46, 1:38. ^mulma₂.gur₈ ^mulsuḫur.maš₂ = ^dNabû(pa) u ^dTaš-me-tu₄ "Ship (and) Goat-Fish = Nabû and Tashmetu" [HBA^[6], 52:38; Wee 2016^[7], 162-3].
GU text. (Q) mul [ša₂ maš]-˹a-ti˺ ˹kimin˺ murub₄ ^mulza.ba₄.ba₄ šu šumēlû(2,30) ^mulpa.bil₂.sag ša₂ ina ugu / ban u [^mulm]a₂.gur₈ gu "The Star of Gemini (ziqpu IV: β Her) or the middle of Zababa (ν Oph), the left hand of Pabilsag, which is on the bow (δ Sag), and the River-Barge (ε Sag), the rope" [Pingree-Walker 1988^[8], BM 78161:27-28; ASM^[9], 93]; according to [Koch 1992^[10], 59:27-28], mul [ša₂ maš]-˹a-ti˺ — β Her, murub₄ ^mulZa-ba₄-ba₄ — η Oph, šu šumēlû(2,30) ^mulpa.bil₂.sag ša₂ ina ugu ban — θ Oph и [^mulm]a₂.gur₈ — θ Arae. (S) ^mulpa.bil.sag ˹ša₂˺ ina ugu ma₂.˹gur₈˺ "(Asterism) Pabilsag, which is over the River-Barge" [Pingree-Walker 1988^[8], BM 78161:30-31], see also (Kurtik u31) UZ₃.

Additional

II. Deity.

The boat-deity or ship was among the sacred attributes of many gods [Salonen-Opificius 1969^[11]; Tallqvist 1938^[12], 360; Kurtik 1998, 34-35]. Festivals dedicated to them were already celebrated in the epoch of the III dynasty of Ur [Sallaberger I^[13], 216-219]. To which exact deity the River-Barge constellation refers to, from the list of MUL.APIN, remains unclear.

III. Symbol.

The River Barge. Numerous depictions of this type of vessel are present on seals, reliefs, and in pottery from the second half of the 3rd millennium BCE and later [Salonen-Opificius 1969^[14]; Kurtik 1998, 34-37; Kurtik 2023]. The outlines and the figure of the Ship constellation is not known.

IV. Identification.

= α, β Capricorni [Gössmann^[2] 254].

= ε Sagittarii [MA^[5], 138; Pingree-Walker 1988^[8], 321, Q4; ASM^[9], 271].

= θ Arae [Koch 1992^[10], 59].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, m01)	Gössmann (1950)
1) = ^mulMakurru «Корабль, Судно»; созвездие или звезда в Стрельце или Жертвеннике (Sagittarius или Ara) [G. 254]; 2) эпитет лунного божества Нанна [Steinkeller 2016, 620‒621]. I. Источники. MUL.APIN. Список звезд Эа (№ 14, 15): ^mulMA₂.GUR₈ u ^mulSUḪUR. MAŠ₂^ku6 «Корабль и Коза-Рыба» (I ii 34) [MA, 39]. Список звезд V R, 46, 1:38. ^mulma₂.gur₈ ^mulsuḫur.maš₂ = ^dNabû(pa) u ^dTaš-me-tu₄ «Корабль (и) Коза-рыба = Набу и Ташмету» [HBA, 52:38; Wee 2016, 162–3]. GU-текст. (Q) mul [ša₂ maš]-˹a-ti˺ ˹kimin˺ murub₄ ^mulza.ba₄.ba₄ šu šumēlû(2,30) ^mulpa.bil₂.sag ša₂ ina ugu / ban u [^mulm]a₂.gur₈ gu «Звезда Близнецов (ziqpu IV: β Her) или середина Забабы (ν Oph), левая рука Пабилсага, которая на луке (δ Sag), и Корабль (ε Sag) ― веревка» [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:27–28; ASM, 93]; согласно [Koch 1992, 59:27–28], mul [ša₂ maš]-˹a-ti˺ — β Her, murub₄ ^mulZa-ba₄-ba₄ — η Oph, šu šumēlû(2,30) ^mulpa.bil₂.sag ša₂ ina ugu ban — θ Oph и [^mulm]a₂.gur₈ — θ Arae. (S) ^mulpa.bil.sag ˹ša₂˺ ina ugu ma₂.˹gur₈˺ «(Звезда) Пабилсага, которая над Кораблем» [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:30–31], см. также u31UZ₃. II. Божество. Лодка-божество или корабль входили в число священных атрибутов многих богов [Salonen–Opificius 1969; Tallqvist 1938, 360; Куртик 1998, 34–35]. Посвященные им праздники отмечались уже в эпоху III династии Ура [Sallaberger I, 216–219]. К какому именно божеству относится созвездие Корабль из списка MUL.APIN, остается невыясненным. Возможно, это корабль Энки, название которого присутствует в старовавилонском списке (см. m02), однако никаких твердых доказательств не существует. III. Символ. Корабль или лодка. Многочисленные изображения священной лодки представлены на печатях, рельефах и в керамике второй половины III тыс. до н.э. и более поздних [Salonen–Opificius 1969; Куртик 1998, 34–37; Куртик 2023]. Неизвестно, какие очертания имела фигура созвездия Корабль. IV. Отождествление. = α, β Capricorni [G. 254]. = ε Sagittarii [MA, 138; Pingree–Walker 1988, 321, Q4; ASM, 271]. = θ Arae [Koch 1992, 59].	Example

References

Kurtik's references

↑ The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
↑ Steinkeller, P. (2010). Nanna/Suen, the Shining Bowl. Alter Orient Und Altes Testament: Veröffentlichungen Zur Kultur Und Geschichte Des Alten Orients Und Des Alten Testaments.
↑ Laursen, S. (2021). Dilmun Boat shaped votive bowls for the Moon-god Nanna? Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, 32(S1), 291-300.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Hunger, H. and Steele, J. M. (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY
↑ Weidner E. Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.
↑ Wee, J. (2016). Virtual Moons over Babylonia: The Calendar Text System, Its Micro-Zodiac of 13, and the Making of Medical Zodiology. The Circulation of Astronomical Knowledge in the Ancient World, Ed. J. M. Steele, 139–229.
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 Pingree D., Walker C. A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 Hunger H., Pingree D. Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 Koch J. Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.
↑ Salonen A, Opificius R. Götterboot // RlA. 1969. Bd. 3, Lief. 6. S. 463-466.
↑ Tallqvist K. Akkadische Götterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.
↑ Sallaberger W. Der kultische Kalender der Ur III-Zeit. Teil 1-2. Berlin-N.Y., Walter de Gruyter, 1993.
↑ Salonen A, Opificius R. Götterboot // RlA. 1969. Bd. 3, Lief. 6. S. 463-466.

[1] The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...

[:0-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).

[3] Steinkeller, P. (2010). Nanna/Suen, the Shining Bowl. Alter Orient Und Altes Testament: Veröffentlichungen Zur Kultur Und Geschichte Des Alten Orients Und Des Alten Testaments.

[4] Laursen, S. (2021). Dilmun Boat shaped votive bowls for the Moon-god Nanna? Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, 32(S1), 291-300.

[:1-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Hunger, H. and Steele, J. M. (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY

[6] Weidner E. Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.

[7] Wee, J. (2016). Virtual Moons over Babylonia: The Calendar Text System, Its Micro-Zodiac of 13, and the Making of Medical Zodiology. The Circulation of Astronomical Knowledge in the Ancient World, Ed. J. M. Steele, 139–229.

[:2-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 Pingree D., Walker C. A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.

[:3-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Hunger H., Pingree D. Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.

[:4-10] 10.0 ^10.1 Koch J. Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.

[11] Salonen A, Opificius R. Götterboot // RlA. 1969. Bd. 3, Lief. 6. S. 463-466.

[12] Tallqvist K. Akkadische Götterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.

[13] Sallaberger W. Der kultische Kalender der Ur III-Zeit. Teil 1-2. Berlin-N.Y., Walter de Gruyter, 1993.

[14] Salonen A, Opificius R. Götterboot // RlA. 1969. Bd. 3, Lief. 6. S. 463-466.

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+{{DISPLAYTITLE:MA<sub>2</sub>.GUR<sub>8</sub>}}
-<sup>mul</sup>MA2.GUR8 is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.
-==Dictionary==
+<sup>mul</sup>MA<sub>2</sub>.GUR<sub>8</sub> (𒀯𒈣𒋽) = ''makurru,''<nowiki/>'the Barge' is a Mesopotamian asterism that is shaped like a river-barge in the area of [[Sagittarius]] and [[Corona Australis]] in the southern part of the Mesopotamian sky.  Its shape can be verified by depictions of such barges in artwork, which show that both the prow and the bow of the barge are pointed upwards at both ends????.  The term is also used in astronomy for the gibbous Moon (CAD<ref>''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> M<sub>I</sub> 142 or '''''Steinkeller from below???).'''''
-=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===
-[G. 88, 230], the name of Saturn and Libra.
+'''''How to translate'''''
+Need examples of ancient mes pictures???
+==Concordance, Etymology, History==
+===Krebernik (2023)===
+MÁ.GUR<sub>8</sub> = ''makurru'' “The Barge”. <sup>mul</sup>MÁ.GUR<sub>8</sub> ''u'' <sup>mul</sup>SUḪUR.MÁŠ '''(EA 15l)'''
+===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
+Var. designations:
+* 1) = <sup>mul</sup>''Makurru'' "Barge, Ship, Vessel"; constellation or star in Sagittarius or Sacerdotal (Sagittarius or Ara) [Gössmann<ref name=":0">''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 254];
+* 2) epithet of the lunar deity Nanna [Steinkeller 2016<ref>Steinkeller, P. (2010). Nanna/Suen, the Shining Bowl. Alter Orient Und Altes Testament:  Veröffentlichungen Zur Kultur Und Geschichte Des Alten Orients Und Des Alten Testaments.</ref>, 620-621; Laursen 2021<ref>Laursen, S. (2021). Dilmun Boat shaped votive bowls for the Moon-god Nanna? Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, 32(S1), 291-300.</ref>]'''''.'''''  '''and cf. Laursen 2021 for sea-faring ships suggestive of the shape of the waxing Moon.'''
+== Dilmun Boat shaped votive bowls for the Moon-god Nanna? ==
 {| class="wikitable"
 |+
 !Sources
-!Identifications
+! Identifications
 |-
-|'''Lexic. texts.'''
+|'''MUL.APIN.'''
+List of the stars of Ea (nos. 14, 15):
-(1) Series Ḫg. B VI: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-tu<sub>2</sub> u me-šar = <sup>d</sup>sag.uš <sup>d</sup>utu "Star gi.gi = Star of truth and justice = Saturn, Shamash" [MSL XI, 40:39], later parallel: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-[tu<sub>2</sub> ...] [SpTU III, 116: Rs. iii 8]. (2) mulgi.[gi...] [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 4]; according to Koch's interpretation, text K.12619 ii 4-6: <sup>mul</sup>GI-[GI...] / kakkab kit-ti [u mi-ša-ri] / MUL MI <sup>mu</sup>[<sup>l</sup>zi-ba-an-na] "Star GI.GI = Star of truth and justice = Dark star = Star of Libra" [Koch 1989, 60-61]. Planisphere K. 8538. In sector 6 the inscription: ˹<sup>mul</sup>GI-GI˺ and the figure of Libra(?) [Koch 1989, 59; Kurtik 2007, fig. 9].
+* <sup>mul</sup>MA<sub>2</sub>.GUR<sub>8</sub> ''u'' <sup>mul</sup>SUḪUR. MAŠ<sub>2</sub><sup>ku6</sup> "River Barge and Goat-Fish" (I ii 34) [MA<ref name=":1">Hunger, H. and Steele, J. M. (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY</ref>, 39].
+|
+|-
+|'''List of stars V R, 46, 1:38.'''
+* <sup>mul</sup>ma<sub>2</sub>.gur<sub>8</sub> <sup>mul</sup>suḫur.maš<sub>2</sub> = <sup>d</sup>''Nabû''(pa) ''u'' <sup>d</sup>''Taš-me-tu''<sub>4</sub> "Ship (and) Goat-Fish = Nabû and Tashmetu" [HBA<ref>''Weidner E.'' Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.</ref>, 52:38; Wee 2016<ref>Wee, J. (2016). Virtual Moons over Babylonia: The Calendar Text System, Its Micro-Zodiac of 13, and the Making of Medical Zodiology. The Circulation of Astronomical Knowledge in the Ancient World, Ed. J. M. Steele, 139–229.</ref>, 162-3].
+|
+|-
+| '''GU text.'''
+*(Q)  mul [''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''maš'']-˹''a-ti''˺ ˹kimin˺ murub<sub>4</sub> <sup>mul</sup>za.ba<sub>4</sub>.ba<sub>4</sub> ''šu šumēlû''(2,30) <sup>mul</sup>pa.bil<sub>2</sub>.sag ša<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' ugu / ban ''u'' [<sup>mul</sup>m]a<sub>2</sub>.gur<sub>8</sub> gu "The Star of Gemini (ziqpu IV: β Her) or the middle of Zababa (ν Oph), the left hand of Pabilsag, which is on the bow (δ Sag), and the River-Barge (ε Sag), the rope" [Pingree-Walker 1988<ref name=":2">''Pingree D., Walker C.'' A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.</ref>, BM 78161:27-28; ASM<ref name=":3">''Hunger H., Pingree D.'' Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.</ref>, 93]; according to [Koch 1992<ref name=":4">''Koch J.'' Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.</ref>, 59:27-28], mul [''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''maš'']-˹''a-ti''˺ — β Her, murub<sub>4</sub> <sup>mul</sup>''Za-ba''<sub>4</sub>''-ba''<sub>4</sub> — η Oph, ''šu šumēlû''(2,30) <sup>mul</sup>pa.bil<sub>2</sub>.sag ša<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' ugu ban — θ Oph и [<sup>mul</sup>m]a<sub>2</sub>.gur<sub>8</sub> — θ Arae.
+*(S) <sup>mul</sup>pa.bil.sag ˹''ša''<sub>2</sub>˺ ''ina'' ugu ma<sub>2</sub>.˹gur<sub>8</sub>˺ "(Asterism) Pabilsag, which is over the River-Barge" [Pingree-Walker 1988<ref name=":2" />, BM 78161:30-31], see also (Kurtik u31) [[UZ3|UZ<sub>3</sub>]].
 |
 |}
-=== Additional ===
+===Additional===
-         '''II. Identification.'''
+==== II. Deity.====
-         (1) = Saturn;
+         The boat-deity or ship was among the sacred attributes of many gods [Salonen-Opificius 1969<ref>''Salonen A'', ''Opificius R.'' Götterboot // RlA. 1969. Bd. 3, Lief. 6. S. 463-466.</ref>; Tallqvist 1938<ref>''Tallqvist K''. Akkadische Götterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.</ref>, 360; Kurtik 1998, 34-35]. Festivals dedicated to them were already celebrated in the epoch of the III dynasty of Ur [Sallaberger I<ref>''Sallaberger W''. Der kultische Kalender der Ur III-Zeit. Teil 1-2. Berlin-N.Y., Walter de Gruyter, 1993.</ref>, 216-219]. To which exact deity the River-Barge constellation refers to, from the list of MUL.APIN, remains unclear.
+====III. Symbol.====
-         (2) = constellation Librae = β(γ)λα2ισ Librae + 381G. Centauri, according to [Koch 1989, 79].
+         The River Barge.  Numerous depictions of this type of vessel are present on seals, reliefs, and in pottery from the second half of the 3rd millennium BCE and later [Salonen-Opificius 1969<ref>''Salonen A'', ''Opificius R.'' Götterboot // RlA. 1969. Bd. 3, Lief. 6. S. 463-466.</ref>; Kurtik 1998, 34-37; Kurtik 2023]. ''<u>'''The outlines and the figure of the Ship constellation is not known.'''</u>''
+==== IV. Identification.====
-         '''III. Astrology.'''
+         = α, β Capricorni [Gössmann<ref name=":0" /> 254].
+         = ε Sagittarii [MA<ref name=":1" />, 138; Pingree-Walker 1988<ref name=":2" />, 321, Q4; ASM<ref name=":3" />, 271].
-         (1) The Star of Truth has weakened; DIŠ MUL ki-tu<sub>4</sub> ŠER<sub>2</sub>.ŠER<sub>2</sub> KUR ARḪUŠ u SILIM-mu [...] "If the Star of Truth weakens: the country, of mercy and peace [...]" [ACh Ištar, 25:26].
+         = θ Arae [Koch 1992<ref name=":4" />, 59].
-         (2) The Star of Truth approaches the Crown of Anu; [DIŠ MUL ki-t]u<sub>4</sub> a-na <sup>mul</sup>AGA.AN.NA TE <sup>d</sup>SAG.UŠ ina ŠA<sub>3</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.AN.NA KUR-ma "[If the Star of Truth] approaches the Crown of Anu, (this means): Saturn appears in the middle of the Celestial Bull." [ACh Ištar, 30:20].
-== Historical Dictionaries ==
+==Historical Dictionaries==
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
-! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" | Kurtik (2022)
+! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, m01)
-! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" | Gössmann (1950)
+! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
 |-
+|1) = <sup>mul</sup>Makurru «Корабль, Судно»; созвездие или звезда в Стрельце или Жертвеннике (Sagittarius или Ara) [G. 254]; 2) эпитет лунного божества Нанна [Steinkeller 2016, 620‒621].
-| [G. 88, 230], название Сатурна и Весов.
 I. Источники.
+MUL.APIN. Список звезд Эа (№ 14, 15): <sup>mul</sup>MA<sub>2</sub>.GUR<sub>8</sub> u <sup>mul</sup>SUḪUR. MAŠ<sub>2</sub><sup>ku6</sup> «Корабль и Коза-Рыба» (I ii 34) [MA, 39]. Список звезд V R, 46, 1:38. <sup>mul</sup>ma<sub>2</sub>.gur<sub>8</sub> <sup>mul</sup>suḫur.maš<sub>2</sub> = <sup>d</sup>Nabû(pa) u <sup>d</sup>Taš-me-tu<sub>4</sub> «Корабль (и) Коза-рыба = Набу и Ташмету» [HBA, 52:38; Wee 2016, 162–3]. GU-текст. (Q) mul [ša<sub>2</sub> maš]-˹a-ti˺ ˹kimin˺ murub<sub>4</sub> <sup>mul</sup>za.ba<sub>4</sub>.ba<sub>4</sub> šu šumēlû(2,30) <sup>mul</sup>pa.bil<sub>2</sub>.sag ša<sub>2</sub> ina ugu / ban u [<sup>mul</sup>m]a<sub>2</sub>.gur<sub>8</sub> gu «Звезда Близнецов (ziqpu IV:  β Her) или середина Забабы (ν Oph), левая рука Пабилсага, которая на луке (δ Sag), и Корабль (ε Sag) ― веревка» [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:27–28; ASM, 93]; согласно [Koch 1992, 59:27–28], mul [ša<sub>2</sub> maš]-˹a-ti˺ — β Her, murub<sub>4</sub> <sup>mul</sup>Za-ba<sub>4</sub>-ba<sub>4</sub> — η Oph, šu šumēlû(2,30) <sup>mul</sup>pa.bil<sub>2</sub>.sag ša<sub>2</sub> ina ugu ban — θ Oph и [<sup>mul</sup>m]a<sub>2</sub>.gur<sub>8</sub> — θ Arae. (S) <sup>mul</sup>pa.bil.sag ˹ša<sub>2</sub>˺ ina ugu ma<sub>2</sub>.˹gur<sub>8</sub>˺ «(Звезда) Пабилсага, которая над Кораблем» [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:30–31], см. также u31UZ<sub>3</sub>.
-Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Ḫg. B VI: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-tu<sub>2</sub> u me-šar = <sup>d</sup>sag.uš <sup>d</sup>utu «Звезда gi.gi = Звезда правды и справедливости = Сатурн, Шамаш» [MSL XI, 40:39],  поздняя параллель: <sup>mul</sup>gi.gi = mul kit-[tu<sub>2</sub> …] [SpTU III, 116: Rs. iii 8]. (2) <sup>mul</sup>gi.[gi…] [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 4]; согласно интерпретации Коха, текст K.12619 ii 4-6: <sup>mul</sup>GI-[GI…] / kakkab kit-ti [u mi-ša-ri] / MUL MI <sup>mu</sup>[<sup>l</sup>zi-ba-an-na] «Звезда GI.GI = Звезда правды и справедливости = Темная звезда = Звезда Весы» [Koch 1989, 60–61]. Планисферa K. 8538. В секторе 6 надпись: ˹<sup>mul</sup>GI-GI˺ и изображение фигуры Весов(?) [Koch 1989, 59; Куртик 2007, рис. 9].
+II. Божество.
-II. Отождествление.
+Лодка-божество или корабль входили в число священных атрибутов многих богов [Salonen–Opificius 1969; Tallqvist 1938, 360; Куртик 1998, 34–35]. Посвященные им праздники отмечались уже в эпоху III династии Ура [Sallaberger I, 216–219]. К какому именно божеству относится созвездие Корабль из списка MUL.APIN, остается невыясненным. Возможно, это корабль Энки, название которого присутствует в старовавилонском списке (см. m02), однако никаких твердых доказательств не существует.
-(1)  = Сатурн;
+III. Символ.
-(2)  = созвездие Весы = β(γ)λα2ισ Librae + 381G. Centauri, согласно [Koch 1989, 79].
+Корабль или лодка. Многочисленные изображения священной лодки представлены на печатях, рельефах и в керамике второй половины III тыс. до н.э. и более поздних [Salonen–Opificius 1969; Куртик 1998, 34–37; Куртик 2023]. Неизвестно, какие очертания имела фигура созвездия Корабль.
-III. Астрология.
+IV. Отождествление.
-(1) Звезда Правды ослабела; DIŠ MUL ki-tu<sub>4</sub> ŠER<sub>2</sub>.ŠER<sub>2</sub> KUR ARḪUŠ u SILIM-mu […] «Если Звезда Правды ослабела: странa милосердие и мир […]» [ACh Ištar, 25:26].
+= α, β Capricorni [G. 254].
-(2) Звезда Правды приближается к Короне Ану; [DIŠ MUL ki-t]u<sub>4</sub> a-na <sup>mul</sup>AGA.AN.NA TE <sup>d</sup>SAG.UŠ ina ŠA<sub>3</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.AN.NA KUR-ma «[Если Звезда Прав]ды к Короне Ану приближается, (это означает): Сатурн в середине Небесного Быка появляется» [ACh Ištar, 30:20].
-| Example
+= ε Sagittarii [MA, 138; Pingree–Walker 1988, 321, Q4; ASM, 271].
+= θ Arae [Koch 1992, 59].
+|Example
 |}
-== References ==
+==References==
-* [[References (Babylonian)|Kurtik's references]]
+*[[References (Babylonian)|Kurtik's references]]
 [[Category:Mesopotamian]]
@@ Line 60: / Line 91: @@
 [[Category:Cuneiform]]
 [[Category:Constellation]]
+[[Category:4workWayne]]

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Concordance, Etymology, History

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Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

Dilmun Boat shaped votive bowls for the Moon-god Nanna?

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MA2.GUR8: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 07:56, 15 September 2025

Concordance, Etymology, History

Krebernik (2023)

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

Dilmun Boat shaped votive bowls for the Moon-god Nanna?

Additional

II. Deity.

III. Symbol.

IV. Identification.

Historical Dictionaries

References

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