KUR2.RA: Difference between revisions

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{{DISPLAYTITLE:KUR<sub>2</sub>.RA}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:KUR<sub>2</sub>.RA}}


<sup>mul lú</sup>KUR<sub>2</sub>.RA (𒀯𒇽𒉽𒊏) is a Sumerian name for Mars with two Akkadian explanations: ''nakru''/nakaru, 'Enemy-star,' and ''šanū???mma, '''Alien-star.'
<sup>mul lú</sup>KUR<sub>2</sub>.RA (𒀯𒇽𒉽𒊏) is a Sumerian name for Mars with two Akkadian equivalents given in the source material: ''nakru'', ''nakaru'' "Enemy, Stranger, Alien-star"; ''šanûmma,'' "Strange, Evil-star." Note kur<sub>2</sub> = both ''nakru'' and ''šanûmma'' in the sign-list Proto-Aa (CAD<ref>''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> Š/1 397).
== Concordance, Etymology, History==
== Concordance, Etymology, History==
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===


* = ''nakru'', ''nakaru'' "Enemy, Stranger, Alien";
*= ''nakru'', ''nakaru'' "Enemy, Stranger, Alien"; epithet of Mars, in lexical and astrological texts [G. 245; Reynolds 1998; AHw, 718b]. [G. 293], '''''šanū???mma'' ''<nowiki/>'stranger, other, alien.' ((check nakru references to see what we need for shanumma??))'''''
* = ''šanûmma'' "Strange, Inimical, Evil-star,"
* <sup>d</sup>''Šanûmma'' (𒀭𒃻𒉡𒌝𒈠) is the Akkadian equivalent   

A Sumerian name for Mars with both Akkadian equivalents in lexical lists, the Great Star List [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 245; Reynolds 1998<ref>Reynolds</ref>: 350].

For ''nakaru'' see the example from Enuma Anu Enlil below.


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!Sources
!Sources
!Identifications
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Series Ḫg. B VI:
Series Ḫg. B VI:


*(a) <sup>mul lú</sup>KUR<sub>2</sub>.RA = ''na-kar'' = MIN (= <sup>d</sup>''ṣal''-[''bat-a-nu'']) "Enemy = enemy = Mars",
*(a) <sup>mul lú</sup>KUR<sub>2</sub>.RA = ''n'''<nowiki/>'''a-kar'' = MIN (= <sup>d</sup>''ṣal''-[''bat-a-nu'']) "Enemy = enemy = Mars",
*(b) <sup>mul lú</sup>KUR<sub>2</sub>.RA = ''ša''<sub>2</sub>-''nu-um-ma'' = MIN "Stranger = other (alien) = Mars" [MSL XI, 40:34-35], for a parallel see. [SpTU III, 116 Rs. iii 4].
*(b) <sup>mul lú</sup>KUR<sub>2</sub>.RA = ''ša''<sub>2</sub>-''nu-um-ma'' = MIN "Stranger = other (alien) = Mars" [Urgud, MSL XI<ref>''Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon''. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = ''hubullu.'' Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.</ref>, 40:34-35], for a parallel see. [SpTU III<ref>''Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk.'' Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.</ref>, 116 Rs. iii 4].
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|'''EAE.'''
|'''EAE.'''
*DIŠ UD GUB.BA-''šu''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>''Na-ka-ru'' DU BALA NAM.KUR<sub>2</sub>.MEŠ "If an enemy stands in its (the True Shepherd of Anu's) place: the kingship (will be passed on to) the enemies" [BPO 2, XVIII 13].
*DIŠ UD GUB.BA-''šu''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>''Na-ka-ru'' DU BALA NAM.KUR<sub>2</sub>.MEŠ "If an enemy stands in its (the True Shepherd of Anu's) place: the kingship (will be passed on to) the enemies" [BPO 2<ref>''Reiner E., Pingree D''. Enuma Anu Enlil, Tablets 50-51. Undena Publications, Malibu, 1981 (Babylonian Planetary Omens: Part Two).</ref>, XVIII 13].
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|'''"Great Star List and Miscellenia".'''
|'''"Great Star List and Miscellenia".'''
*(1) List of the names of Mars: <sup>mul</sup>[''n'']''a-ka-ru'' = <sup>d</sup>min(=<sup>d</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'');
*(1) List of the names of Mars: <sup>mul</sup>[''n'']''a-ka-ru'' = <sup>d</sup>min(=<sup>d</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'');
*(2) 7 names of Mars (7 ''zik-ri-šu''): <sup>ul</sup>''na-ka-ru'' [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:90, 237].
*(2) 7 names of Mars (7 ''zik-ri-šu''): <sup>ul</sup>''na-ka-ru'' [Mesop.Astrol.<ref>''Koch-Westenholz U''. Mesopotamian  Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.</ref>, App. B:90, 237].
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Latest revision as of 16:05, 11 September 2025


mul lúKUR2.RA (𒀯𒇽𒉽𒊏) is a Sumerian name for Mars with two Akkadian equivalents given in the source material: nakru, nakaru "Enemy, Stranger, Alien-star"; šanûmma, "Strange, Evil-star." Note kur2 = both nakru and šanûmma in the sign-list Proto-Aa (CAD[1] Š/1 397).

Concordance, Etymology, History

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

  • = nakru, nakaru "Enemy, Stranger, Alien";
  • = šanûmma "Strange, Inimical, Evil-star,"
  • dŠanûmma (𒀭𒃻𒉡𒌝𒈠) is the Akkadian equivalent   

A Sumerian name for Mars with both Akkadian equivalents in lexical lists, the Great Star List [Gössmann[2] 245; Reynolds 1998[3]: 350].

For nakaru see the example from Enuma Anu Enlil below.

Sources Identifications
Lexical texts.

Series Ḫg. B VI:

  • (a) mul lúKUR2.RA = na-kar = MIN (= dṣal-[bat-a-nu]) "Enemy = enemy = Mars",
  • (b) mul lúKUR2.RA = ša2-nu-um-ma = MIN "Stranger = other (alien) = Mars" [Urgud, MSL XI[4], 40:34-35], for a parallel see. [SpTU III[5], 116 Rs. iii 4].
EAE.
  • DIŠ UD GUB.BA-šu2 mulNa-ka-ru DU BALA NAM.KUR2.MEŠ "If an enemy stands in its (the True Shepherd of Anu's) place: the kingship (will be passed on to) the enemies" [BPO 2[6], XVIII 13].
"Great Star List and Miscellenia".
  • (1) List of the names of Mars: mul[n]a-ka-ru = dmin(=dṣal-bat-a-nu);
  • (2) 7 names of Mars (7 zik-ri-šu): ulna-ka-ru [Mesop.Astrol.[7], App. B:90, 237].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, k29) Gössmann (1950)
= nakru, nakaru «Враг», «Чужой»; название Марса [G. 245; Reynolds 1998; AHw, 718b].

I. Источники.

Лексич. тексты. Серия Ḫg. B VI:  a) mul lúKUR2.RA = na-kar = MIN (= dṣal-[bat-a-nu]) «Враг = враг = Марс», b) mul lúKUR2.RA = ša2-nu-um-ma = MIN «Чужак = другой (чужой) = Марс» [MSL XI, 40:34–35], параллель см. [SpTU III, 116 Rs. iii 4]. EAE. DIŠ UD GUB.BA-šu2 mulNa-ka-ru DU BALA NAM.KUR2.MEŠ «Если на его (Праведного Пастуха Ану) месте Враг стоит: царствование (перейдет к) врагам» [BPO 2, XVIII 13]. «Большой список звезд». (1) Список имен Марса: mul[n]a-ka-ru = dmin(=dṣal-bat-a-nu); (2) 7 имен Марса (7 zik-ri-šu): ulna-ka-ru [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:90, 237].

Example
Kurtik (2022, n04)

mulNakaru
аккадская параллель к mul lúKUR2.RA «Враг, Чужой»; эпитет Марса, в лексических и астрологических текстах [G. 293], см. k29lúKUR2.RA.

References

  1. ↑ The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...
  2. ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
  3. ↑ Reynolds
  4. ↑ Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = hubullu. Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.
  5. ↑ Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk. Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.
  6. ↑ Reiner E., Pingree D. Enuma Anu Enlil, Tablets 50-51. Undena Publications, Malibu, 1981 (Babylonian Planetary Omens: Part Two).
  7. ↑ Koch-Westenholz U. Mesopotamian  Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.
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