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{{DISPLAYTITLE:<sup>mul / d</sup>GAŠAN.TIN, <sup>mul</sup>''bēlet balāṭi''}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:<sup>mul / d</sup>GAŠAN.TIN, <sup>mul</sup>''bēlet balāṭi''}}
<sup>mul / d</sup>GAŠAN.TIN = <sup>mul</sup>''bēlet balāṭi'', 'The Lady of Life,' a name for Vega.
<sup>mul / d</sup>GAŠAN.TIN (𒀯𒃽𒁷) = <sup>mul</sup>''bēlet balāṭi'', 'The Lady of Life,' a name for [[Vega]].
==Concordance, Etymology, History==


''maybe should be listed under B?? --- LBAT 1502 should be under zipqu-stars''


==Dictionary==
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
= <sup>mul</sup>''bēlet balāṭi'' "Lady of life"; = ziqpu VII (α Lyrae, Vega) [G. 68].
= <sup>mul</sup>''bēlet balāṭi'' "Lady of life"; = ziqpu VII (α Lyrae, Vega) [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 68].




{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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!Sources!!Identifications
!Sources!!Identifications
|-
|-
|'''"Letters."''' See. [LABS, 81:3, 240:9]. ||Example
|'''"Letters."'''
See. [LABS<ref>''Parpola S.'' Letters from Assyrian and Babylonian Scholars. Helsinki, 1993 (State Archives of Assyria, Vol. X).</ref>, 81:3, 240:9].
|Example
|-
|-
|'''Lists of ziqpu-stars.'''
|'''Lists of ziqpu-stars.'''
* (1) AO 6478:
* (1) AO 6478:
** a) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=''šuqultu'') | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN(= ''ina qaqqari'') | 18 IGI DANNA i-na KI.MIN(=''ina šamê'') | TA <sup>mul</sup>DILI | EN <sup>mul</sup>GAŠAN.TIN "1⅔ mins weight, 100 on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / from the Separate star to the Lady of Life,"
** a) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=''šuqultu'') | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN(= ''ina qaqqari'') | 18 IGI DANNA i-na KI.MIN(=''ina šamê'') | TA <sup>mul</sup>DILI | EN <sup>mul</sup>GAŠAN.TIN "1⅔ mins weight, 100 on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / from the Separate star to the Lady of Life,"
** b) 3⅓ MA. NA MIN | ⅔ DANNA ''i-na'' KI.MIN | 36 IGI DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN | TA <sup>mul</sup>GAŠAN.TIN | EN ''ku-ma-ri ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>UD.KA.DUḪ.A "3⅓ mins weight, 200 on earth, 36000 miles in the sky / From the Lady of Life to the shoulder of the Demon with the Gaping Mouth". [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:15-18; TU, 21:15-18; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228-229]; for a parallel see. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:6-7].
** b) 3⅓ MA. NA MIN | ⅔ DANNA ''i-na'' KI.MIN | 36 IGI DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN | TA <sup>mul</sup>GAŠAN.TIN | EN ''ku-ma-ri ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>UD.KA.DUḪ.A "3⅓ mins weight, 200 on earth, 36000 miles in the sky / From the Lady of Life to the shoulder of the Demon with the Gaping Mouth". [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:15-18; TU<ref>''Thureau-Dangin F''. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).</ref>, 21:15-18; HBA<ref>''Weidner E.'' Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.</ref>, 132; Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 228-229]; for a parallel see. [CT<ref>''Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.''</ref> 26, 50, K. 9794:6-7].
* (2) VAT 16437: 10 UŠ ''a-na'' <sup>mul</sup>[GAŠAN TIN] "100 to [the Lady of Life]." [Schaumberger 1952, 224-225:2].
* (2) VAT 16437: 10 UŠ ''a-na'' <sup>mul</sup>[GAŠAN TIN] "100 to [the Lady of Life]." [Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 224-225:2].
* (3) VAT 16436: <sup>múl</sup>GAŠAN.TIN // 3 // 3 IGI 6 ME KUŠ<sub>3</sub> "Lord of Life // 3 (stars) // 3600 cubits." [Schaumberger 1952, 226-227:24].
* (3) VAT 16436: <sup>múl</sup>GAŠAN.TIN // 3 // 3 IGI 6 ME KUŠ<sub>3</sub> "Lord of Life // 3 (stars) // 3600 cubits." [Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 226-227:24].
* (4) Sippar Planisphere: 10 UŠ ''ana'' <sup>mul</sup>˹GAŠAN TIN˺ "100 to the Lord of Life". [Horowitz-al-Rawi 2001, 171-173:7]; for a parallel see BM 61677: 10 UŠ ''a-na be-l''[''e-et ba-la-ṭi''...] [ibid., 180:4′].
* (4) Sippar Planisphere: 10 UŠ ''ana'' <sup>mul</sup>˹GAŠAN TIN˺ "100 to the Lord of Life". [Horowitz-al-Rawi 2001<ref>''Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H''. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.</ref>, 171-173:7]; for a parallel see BM 61677: 10 UŠ ''a-na be-l''[''e-et ba-la-ṭi''...] [ibid.<ref>''Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H''. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.</ref>, 180:4′].
⚫
* '''(5) LBAT 1502.'''
⚫
** [...] ''u'' <sup>múl</sup>''P''[''a-bi'']''l-sag'' MUL<sub>2</sub> AN.TA.GUB | <sup>d</sup>''be-let'' TIN ''ana ziq-pi'' [...]
⚫
** "[...] and P[abi]lsag is the star Antagub. The Lady of Life culminates [...]" [Donbaz-Koch 1995<ref>''Donbaz V., Koch J.'' Ein Astrolab der dritten Generation: Nv. 10 // JCS. 1995. Vol. 47. P. 63-83.</ref>, 76: i 14, ii 13].
|
|
|-
|-
|'''Calendar of daily risings and settings of the ziqpu-stars.''' See. [Schaumberger 1955, 247-251].
|'''Calendar of daily risings and settings of the ziqpu-stars.'''
See. [Schaumberger 1955<ref>''Schaumberger J.'' Anaphora und Aufgangskalender in neuen Ziqpu-Texten // ZA. 1955. Bd. 55 (N.F. 17). S. 237-251.</ref>, 247-251].
|
|
|-
|-
|'''GU-text.'''
|'''GU-text.'''
* (T) <sup>mul</sup>zubi ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>uz<sub>3</sub> "Staff(?) of the Goat" (ziqpu VII: α Lyr) [Pingree-Walker 1988, BM 78161:31]; according to [Koch 1992, 60], <sup>mul</sup>zubi ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>uz<sub>3</sub> is η Lyr, see (Kurtik u31) [[UZ3|UZ<sub>3</sub>]].
* (T) <sup>mul</sup>zubi ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>uz<sub>3</sub> "Staff(?) of the Goat" (ziqpu VII: α Lyr) [Pingree-Walker 1988<ref>''Pingree D., Walker C.'' A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.</ref>, BM 78161:31]; according to [Koch 1992<ref>''Koch J.'' Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.</ref>, 60], <sup>mul</sup>zubi ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>uz<sub>3</sub> is η Lyr, see (Kurtik u31) [[UZ3|UZ<sub>3</sub>]].
|
|-
⚫
|'''LBAT 1502.'''
⚫
* [...] ''u'' <sup>múl</sup>''P''[''a-bi'']''l-sag'' MUL<sub>2</sub> AN.TA.GUB | <sup>d</sup>''be-let'' TIN ''ana ziq-pi'' [...]
⚫
* "[...] and P[abi]lsag is the star Antagub. The Lady of Life culminates [...]" [Donbaz-Koch 1995, 76: i 14, ii 13].
|
|
|-
|-
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Extispicy involving the correspondence between liver fragments, deities, months and stars:
Extispicy involving the correspondence between liver fragments, deities, months and stars:


* MAŠ<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>[...<sup>iti</sup>A]B <sup>[mu]l</sup>GAŠAN.TIN "The lamb is [...]; tebet; the Lady of Life". [SpTU IV<ref>''URUK. Špätbabylonische Texte aus dem Planquadrat U 18''. Teil IV / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Mainz am Rhein, 1993.</ref>, 159:18; Reiner 1995<ref>''Reiner E.'' Astral Magic in Babylonia. Philadelphia, The Amer. Philos. Soc., 1995.</ref>, 78].
* MAŠ<sub>2</sub> d[...<sup>iti</sup>A]B <sup>[mu]l</sup>GAŠAN.TIN
* The lamb is [...]; tebet; the Lady of Life". [SpTU IV, 159:18; Reiner 1995, 78].


See also U.197 obv. 6ʹ: <sup>múl</sup>gašan.tin [...] [Sachs 1952, 75].
See also U.197 obv. 6ʹ: <sup>múl</sup>gašan.tin [...] [Sachs 1952<ref>''Sachs A.'' Babylonian Horoscopes // JCS. 1952. V. 6. P. 49-75.</ref>, 75].
|
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==== II. Deity. ====
==== II. Deity. ====
         <sup>d</sup>''bēlet balāṭi'' — an epithet of Damkina [Tallqvist 1938, 57-58] who seems to have been identified with the star Vega. Its appearances were observed regularly in the Neo-Assyrian period: [...] <sup>mul</sup>GAG.SI.SA<sub>2</sub> / <sup>mul</sup>LI<sub>9</sub>.SI<sub>4</sub> (glossary: li-si) / <sup>mul</sup>''be-let'' TI.LA / ''an-nu-ti'' / ''pa-ni-u''<sub>2</sub>''-ti'' / ''ša ina pa-ni-ti'' / ''in-na-me-ru-ni'' "[...] (stars) Sirius, Antares, Vega — those are the first ones that already became visible" [LABS, 81: 1'-6', e. 7']. In connection with the lunar eclipse in front of Vega, in addition to other luminaries, there was the ritual of the "lending of the hands" (ŠU.IL<sub>2</sub>.LA<sub>2</sub>.KAM) [LABS, 240: 9]; see also [LAS 2: 177-178].
         <sup>d</sup>''bēlet balāṭi'' — an epithet of Damkina [Tallqvist 1938<ref>''Tallqvist  K''. Akkadische Götterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.</ref>, 57-58] who seems to have been identified with the star Vega. Its appearances were observed regularly in the Neo-Assyrian period: [...] <sup>mul</sup>GAG.SI.SA<sub>2</sub> / <sup>mul</sup>LI<sub>9</sub>.SI<sub>4</sub> (glossary: li-si) / <sup>mul</sup>''be-let'' TI.LA / ''an-nu-ti'' / ''pa-ni-u''<sub>2</sub>''-ti'' / ''ša ina pa-ni-ti'' / ''in-na-me-ru-ni'' "[...] (stars) Sirius, Antares, Vega — those are the first ones that already became visible" [LABS<ref>''Parpola S.'' Letters from Assyrian and Babylonian Scholars. Helsinki, 1993 (State Archives of Assyria, Vol. X).</ref>, 81: 1'-6', e. 7']. In connection with the lunar eclipse in front of Vega, in addition to other luminaries, there was the ritual of the "lending of the hands" (ŠU.IL<sub>2</sub>.LA<sub>2</sub>.KAM) [LABS<ref>''Parpola S.'' Letters from Assyrian and Babylonian Scholars. Helsinki, 1993 (State Archives of Assyria, Vol. X).</ref>, 240: 9]; see also [LAS 2<ref>''Parpola S.'' Letters from Assyrian Scholars. Pt. II.: Commentary and appendices. Verlag Butzon & Bercker, Kevelaer, 1983.</ref>: 177-178].


==== III. Identification. ====
==== III. Identification. ====
         = α Lyrae (Vega) [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 68; Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 229; ASM<ref>''Hunger H., Pingree D.'' Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.</ref>, 86];
         = α Lyrae (Vega) [G. 68; Schaumberger 1952, 229; ASM, 86];


         = η Lyrae [Koch 1992, 60];
         = η Lyrae [Koch 1992<ref>''Koch J.'' Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.</ref>, 60];


         = α, ε, ζ Lyrae (according to VAT 16436:24) [ASM, 89].
         = α, ε, ζ Lyrae (according to VAT 16436:24) [ASM<ref>''Hunger H., Pingree D.'' Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.</ref>, 89].


==Historical Dictionaries==
==Historical Dictionaries==

Latest revision as of 13:10, 1 September 2025

mul / dGAŠAN.TIN (𒀯𒃽𒁷) = mulbēlet balāṭi, 'The Lady of Life,' a name for Vega.

Concordance, Etymology, History

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

= mulbēlet balāṭi "Lady of life"; = ziqpu VII (α Lyrae, Vega) [Gössmann[1] 68].

Sources Identifications
"Letters."

See. [LABS[2], 81:3, 240:9].

Example
Lists of ziqpu-stars.
  • (1) AO 6478:
    • a) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=šuqultu) | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN(= ina qaqqari) | 18 IGI DANNA i-na KI.MIN(=ina šamê) | TA mulDILI | EN mulGAŠAN.TIN "1⅔ mins weight, 100 on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / from the Separate star to the Lady of Life,"
    • b) 3⅓ MA. NA MIN | ⅔ DANNA i-na KI.MIN | 36 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN | TA mulGAŠAN.TIN | EN ku-ma-ri ša2 mulUD.KA.DUḪ.A "3⅓ mins weight, 200 on earth, 36000 miles in the sky / From the Lady of Life to the shoulder of the Demon with the Gaping Mouth". [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:15-18; TU[3], 21:15-18; HBA[4], 132; Schaumberger 1952[5], 228-229]; for a parallel see. [CT[6] 26, 50, K. 9794:6-7].
  • (2) VAT 16437: 10 UŠ a-na mul[GAŠAN TIN] "100 to [the Lady of Life]." [Schaumberger 1952[7], 224-225:2].
  • (3) VAT 16436: múlGAŠAN.TIN // 3 // 3 IGI 6 ME KUŠ3 "Lord of Life // 3 (stars) // 3600 cubits." [Schaumberger 1952[8], 226-227:24].
  • (4) Sippar Planisphere: 10 UŠ ana mul˹GAŠAN TIN˺ "100 to the Lord of Life". [Horowitz-al-Rawi 2001[9], 171-173:7]; for a parallel see BM 61677: 10 UŠ a-na be-l[e-et ba-la-ṭi...] [ibid.[10], 180:4′].
  • (5) LBAT 1502.
    • [...] u múlP[a-bi]l-sag MUL2 AN.TA.GUB | dbe-let TIN ana ziq-pi [...]
    • "[...] and P[abi]lsag is the star Antagub. The Lady of Life culminates [...]" [Donbaz-Koch 1995[11], 76: i 14, ii 13].
Calendar of daily risings and settings of the ziqpu-stars.

See. [Schaumberger 1955[12], 247-251].

GU-text.
  • (T) mulzubi ša2 muluz3 "Staff(?) of the Goat" (ziqpu VII: α Lyr) [Pingree-Walker 1988[13], BM 78161:31]; according to [Koch 1992[14], 60], mulzubi ša2 muluz3 is η Lyr, see (Kurtik u31) UZ3.
Late astrology, magic and the calendar.

Extispicy involving the correspondence between liver fragments, deities, months and stars:

  • MAŠ2 d[...itiA]B [mu]lGAŠAN.TIN "The lamb is [...]; tebet; the Lady of Life". [SpTU IV[15], 159:18; Reiner 1995[16], 78].

See also U.197 obv. 6ʹ: múlgašan.tin [...] [Sachs 1952[17], 75].

Additional

II. Deity.

         dbēlet balāṭi — an epithet of Damkina [Tallqvist 1938[18], 57-58] who seems to have been identified with the star Vega. Its appearances were observed regularly in the Neo-Assyrian period: [...] mulGAG.SI.SA2 / mulLI9.SI4 (glossary: li-si) / mulbe-let TI.LA / an-nu-ti / pa-ni-u2-ti / ša ina pa-ni-ti / in-na-me-ru-ni "[...] (stars) Sirius, Antares, Vega — those are the first ones that already became visible" [LABS[19], 81: 1'-6', e. 7']. In connection with the lunar eclipse in front of Vega, in addition to other luminaries, there was the ritual of the "lending of the hands" (ŠU.IL2.LA2.KAM) [LABS[20], 240: 9]; see also [LAS 2[21]: 177-178].

III. Identification.

         = α Lyrae (Vega) [Gössmann[22] 68; Schaumberger 1952[23], 229; ASM[24], 86];

         = η Lyrae [Koch 1992[25], 60];

         = α, ε, ζ Lyrae (according to VAT 16436:24) [ASM[26], 89].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, g09) Gössmann (1950)
= mulbēlet balāṭi «Владычица жизни»; = ziqpu VII (α Lyrae, Вега) [G. 68].

I. Источники.

«Письма». См. [LABS, 81:3, 240:9]. Списки ziqpu-звезд. (1) AO 6478: a) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=šuqultu) | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN(= ina qaqqari) | 18 IGI DANNA i-na KI.MIN(=ina šamê) | TA mulDILI | EN mulGAŠAN.TIN «1⅔ мины веса, 100 на земле, 18000 миль на небе / От Отдельной звезды до Владычицы Жизни», b) 3⅓ MA.NA MIN | ⅔ DANNA i-na KI.MIN | 36 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN | TA mulGAŠAN.TIN | EN ku-ma-ri ša2 mulUD.KA.DUḪ.A «3⅓ мины веса, 200 на земле, 36000 миль на небе / От Владычицы Жизни до плеча Демона с Разинутою Пастью» [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:15–18; TU, 21:15–18; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228–229]; параллель см. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:6–7]. (2) VAT 16437: 10 UŠ a-na mul[GAŠAN TIN] «100 до [Владычицы Жизни]» [Schaumberger 1952, 224–225:2]. (3) VAT 16436: múlGAŠAN.TIN // 3 // 3 IGI 6 ME KUŠ3 «Владычица Жизни // 3 (звезды) // 3600 локтей» [Schaumberger 1952, 226–227:24]. (4) Sippar Planisphere: 10 UŠ ana mul˹GAŠAN TIN˺ «100 до Владычицы жизни» [Horowitz–al-Rawi 2001, 171–173:7]; параллель см. в BM 61677: 10 UŠ a-na be-l[e-et ba-la-ṭi…] [ibid., 180:4′]. Kалендарь ежедневных восходов и заходов ziqpu-звезд. См. [Schaumberger 1955, 247–251]. GU-текст. (Т) mulzubi ša2 muluz3 «Посох(?) Козы» (ziqpu VII: α Lyr) [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:31]; согласно [Koch 1992, 60], mulzubi ša2 muluz3 — η Lyr, см. u31UZ3. LBAT 1502. […] u múlP[a-bi]l-sag MUL2 AN.TA.GUB | dbe-let TIN ana ziq-pi [...] «[…] и П[аби]лсаг — звезда Антагуб. Владычица Жизни кульминирует […]» [Donbaz–Koch 1995, 76: i 14, ii 13]. Поздняя астрология, магия и календарь. Экстиспиция, включающая соответствие между фрагментами печени, божествами, месяцами и звездами: MAŠ2 d[…itiA]B [mu]lGAŠAN.TIN «Ягненок — […]; тебету; Владычица жизни» [SpTU IV, 159:18; Reiner 1995, 78]. См. также U.197 obv. 6ʹ: múlgašan.tin […] [Sachs 1952, 75].

II. Божество.

dbēlet balāṭi ― эпитет Дамкины [Tallqvist 1938, 57–58], которая, по-видимому, отождествлялась со звездой Вега. Ее появления наблюдали регулярно в новоассирийский период: […] mulGAG.SI.SA2 / mulLI9.SI4 (глосса: li-si) / mulbe-let TI.LA / an-nu-ti / pa-ni-u2-ti / ša ina pa-ni-ti / in-na-me-ru-ni «[...] (звезды) Сириус, Антарес, Вега ― те, что первыми стали уже видны» [LABS, 81: 1'–6', e. 7']. В связи с лунным затмением перед Вегой наряду с другими светилами совершали ритуал «Воздевания рук» (ŠU.IL2.LA2.KAM) [LABS, 240:9]; см. также [LAS 2, 177–178].

III. Отождествление.

= α Lyrae (Вега) [G. 68; Schaumberger 1952, 229; ASM, 86];

= η Lyrae [Koch 1992, 60];

= α, ε, ζ Lyrae (в соответствии с VAT 16436:24) [ASM, 89].

Example

References

  1. ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
  2. ↑ Parpola S. Letters from Assyrian and Babylonian Scholars. Helsinki, 1993 (State Archives of Assyria, Vol. X).
  3. ↑ Thureau-Dangin F. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).
  4. ↑ Weidner E. Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.
  5. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  6. ↑ Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.
  7. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  8. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  9. ↑ Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.
  10. ↑ Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.
  11. ↑ Donbaz V., Koch J. Ein Astrolab der dritten Generation: Nv. 10 // JCS. 1995. Vol. 47. P. 63-83.
  12. ↑ Schaumberger J. Anaphora und Aufgangskalender in neuen Ziqpu-Texten // ZA. 1955. Bd. 55 (N.F. 17). S. 237-251.
  13. ↑ Pingree D., Walker C. A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.
  14. ↑ Koch J. Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.
  15. ↑ URUK. Špätbabylonische Texte aus dem Planquadrat U 18. Teil IV / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Mainz am Rhein, 1993.
  16. ↑ Reiner E. Astral Magic in Babylonia. Philadelphia, The Amer. Philos. Soc., 1995.
  17. ↑ Sachs A. Babylonian Horoscopes // JCS. 1952. V. 6. P. 49-75.
  18. ↑ Tallqvist  K. Akkadische Götterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.
  19. ↑ Parpola S. Letters from Assyrian and Babylonian Scholars. Helsinki, 1993 (State Archives of Assyria, Vol. X).
  20. ↑ Parpola S. Letters from Assyrian and Babylonian Scholars. Helsinki, 1993 (State Archives of Assyria, Vol. X).
  21. ↑ Parpola S. Letters from Assyrian Scholars. Pt. II.: Commentary and appendices. Verlag Butzon & Bercker, Kevelaer, 1983.
  22. ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
  23. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  24. ↑ Hunger H., Pingree D. Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.
  25. ↑ Koch J. Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.
  26. ↑ Hunger H., Pingree D. Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.
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