KA.KEŠ2: Difference between revisions

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{{DISPLAYTITLE:KA.KEŠ<sub>2</sub>}}
<sup>mul</sup>KA.KEŠ<sub>2</sub> (𒀯𒅗𒆟), The Knot, is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.
<sup>mul</sup>KA.KEŠ<sub>2</sub> (𒀯𒅗𒆟) = ''kiṣru'' "The Knot", is a Sumerian term, apparently with multiple meanings in astronomical texts over the centuries. In the early second millennium it occurs as an asterism-name in Sumerian lists, later it occurs as a term for meteors, and finally as a technical term in late-mathematical astronomy.<ref>Ossendrijver, M. (2012). Babylonian Mathematical Astronomy: Procedure Texts, Springer, NY/HD: 596.</ref>


==Concordance, Etymology, History==
==Dictionary==
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
Var. reading:
Var. reading:


* <sup>mul</sup>KA.KEŠDA;
* <sup>mul</sup>KA.KEŠDA;
* = ''kiṣru'' "Knot".
* = ''kiṣru'' "Knot".
Var. designations:

* 1) Possibly a term for meteorites, see (Kurtik k20) [[kiṣru|''kiṣru'']].
⚫
Possibly a term for meteorites, see (Kurtik k20) [[kiṣru|''kiṣru'']]. It occurs only in the Sumerian lists of stars from Nippur [G. 210; MSL XI, 108:390]. An identity is also not excluded: <sup>mul</sup>KA.KEŠ<sub>2</sub> = ''kippatu'' "circle" [CAD K, 397b], in which case a connection with <sup>mul</sup>GAM-''ti'', the Mesopotamian prototype of the Northern Crown (Corona Borealis) (?) is possible.
* 2) In the Nippur forerunner to the Urra 22 star-list [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 210; MSL XI<ref>''Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon''. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = ''hubullu.'' Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.</ref>, 108:390, now see Horowitz 2005<ref>Horowitz, W. (2005). Some thoughts on Sumerian star-names and Sumerian astronomy. In Y. Sefati, P. Artzi, C. Cohen, B. L. Eichler, & V. A. Hurowitz (Eds.), An Experienced Scribe Who Neglects Nothing: Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Honor of Jacob Klein (pp. 163-178). CDL Press.</ref>: 166].
⚫
* 3) Also note the lexical equation <sup>mul</sup>KA.KEŠ<sub>2</sub> = ''kippatu'' "circle" [CAD<ref>''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> K, 397b], in which case a connection with <sup>mul</sup>GAM-''ti'', the Mesopotamian prototype of the Northern Crown ([[Corona Borealis]]) is possible.
==Historical Dictionaries==
==Historical Dictionaries==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
|-
|-
|вар. чтения: <sup>mul</sup>KA.KEŠDA; = kiṣru «Узел». Возможно, это термин для обозначения метеоритов, см. k20kiṣru. Встречается только в шумерских списках звезд из Ниппура [G. 210; MSL XI, 108:390]. Не исключается также тождество: <sup>mul</sup>KA.KEŠ<sub>2</sub> = kippatu «Круг» [CAD K, 397b], в этом случае возможна связь с <sup>mul</sup>GAM-ti, месопотамским прототипом Северной Короны (Corona Borealis) (?).
|вар. чтения: <sup>mul</sup>KA.KEŠDA; = ''kiṣru'' «Узел». Возможно, это термин для обозначения метеоритов, см. k20''kiṣru''. Встречается только в шумерских списках звезд из Ниппура [G. 210; MSL XI, 108:390]. Не исключается также тождество: <sup>mul</sup>KA.KEŠ<sub>2</sub> = ''kippatu'' «Круг» [CAD K, 397b], в этом случае возможна связь с <sup>mul</sup>GAM-''ti'', месопотамским прототипом Северной Короны (Corona Borealis) (?).
|Example
|Example
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 05:16, 7 October 2025

mulKA.KEŠ2 (𒀯𒅗𒆟) = kiṣru "The Knot", is a Sumerian term, apparently with multiple meanings in astronomical texts over the centuries. In the early second millennium it occurs as an asterism-name in Sumerian lists, later it occurs as a term for meteors, and finally as a technical term in late-mathematical astronomy.[1]

Concordance, Etymology, History

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

Var. reading:

  • mulKA.KEŠDA;
  • = kiṣru "Knot".

Var. designations:

  • 1) Possibly a term for meteorites, see (Kurtik k20) kiṣru.
  • 2) In the Nippur forerunner to the Urra 22 star-list [Gössmann[2] 210; MSL XI[3], 108:390, now see Horowitz 2005[4]: 166].
  • 3) Also note the lexical equation mulKA.KEŠ2 = kippatu "circle" [CAD[5] K, 397b], in which case a connection with mulGAM-ti, the Mesopotamian prototype of the Northern Crown (Corona Borealis) is possible.

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, k04) Gössmann (1950)
вар. чтения: mulKA.KEŠDA; = kiṣru «Узел». Возможно, это термин для обозначения метеоритов, см. k20kiṣru. Встречается только в шумерских списках звезд из Ниппура [G. 210; MSL XI, 108:390]. Не исключается также тождество: mulKA.KEŠ2 = kippatu «Круг» [CAD K, 397b], в этом случае возможна связь с mulGAM-ti, месопотамским прототипом Северной Короны (Corona Borealis) (?). Example

References

  1. ↑ Ossendrijver, M. (2012). Babylonian Mathematical Astronomy: Procedure Texts, Springer, NY/HD: 596.
  2. ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
  3. ↑ Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = hubullu. Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.
  4. ↑ Horowitz, W. (2005). Some thoughts on Sumerian star-names and Sumerian astronomy. In Y. Sefati, P. Artzi, C. Cohen, B. L. Eichler, & V. A. Hurowitz (Eds.), An Experienced Scribe Who Neglects Nothing: Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Honor of Jacob Klein (pp. 163-178). CDL Press.
  5. ↑ The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...
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