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==Dictionary==
==Dictionary==
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===

= manzât "Rainbow"; asterism in the constellation <sup>mul</sup>LU.LIM "Stag" (see L09) in Andromeda [CAD M/1, 231-232; G. 407].
* = ''manzât'' "Rainbow" [G. 407; CAD M/1, 230-232];
* asterism in the constellation [[LU.LIM|<sup>mul</sup>LU.LIM]] "Stag" (see L09) in Andromeda.

{| class="wikitable"
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|'''Lexical texts.'''
|'''Lexical texts.'''
* (1) Unilingual Sumerian lists: <sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na [MSL XI, 108:393], <sup>mul d</sup>tir.an.na [MSL XI, 143, Forerunner 8, col. x 20].
* (1) Unilingual Sumerian lists: <sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na [MSL XI, 108:393], <sup>mul d</sup>tir.an.na [MSL XI, 143, Forerunner 8, col. x 20].
* (2) Urra XXII series:
* (2) Urra XXII series:
** <sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na = ma-an-za-ta [Emar VI/4, 151:159], <sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na = man-za-tum [Cavigneaux 1981 105, 79.B.1/5 col. iv 3],
** <sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na = ''ma-an-za-ta'' [Emar VI/4, 151:159], <sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na = ''man-za-tum'' [Cavigneaux 1981 105, 79.B.1/5 col. iv 3],
** <sup>[mu]l</sup>tir.an.na = man-za-tu[m] [Cavigneaux 1979, 134:16; Bloch-Horowitz 2015, 107:284ʹ].
** <sup>[mu]l</sup>tir.an.na = ''man-za-tu''[''m''] [Cavigneaux 1979, 134:16; Bloch-Horowitz 2015, 107:284ʹ].
* (3) List of stars: ˹<sup>mul</sup>tir˺.an.[na] [CT 26, 47, K.11739 r. 6].
* (3) List of stars: ˹<sup>mul</sup>tir˺.an.[na] [CT 26, 47, K.11739 r. 6].
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|'''Text BM 77054.'''
|'''Text BM 77054.'''
* ina <sup>iti</sup>šu ud.1.kam ina r[i-bi<sup>?</sup>...] / <sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na gu[b...]
* ''ina'' <sup>iti</sup>šu ud.1.kam ''ina r''[''i-bi''<sup>?</sup>...] / <sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na gu[b...]
* "On the 1st day of duuzu before the en[tering...] / The rainbow sta[nds...]" [George 1991, 304-305, obv. 5′-6′].
* "On the 1st day of duuzu before the en[tering...] / The rainbow sta[nds...]" [George 1991, 304-305, obv. 5′-6′].
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|'''MUL.APIN.'''
|'''MUL.APIN.'''
* (1) Enlil's list of stars (no. 31):
* (1) Enlil's list of stars (no. 31): MUL<sup>meš</sup> um-mu-lu-tu<sub>4</sub> ša<sub>2</sub> ina GABA <sup>mul</sup>lu-lim / GUB<sup>meš</sup>-zu <sup>d</sup>Ḫar-ri-ru <sup>d</sup>TIR.AN.NA "The dim stars that stand on the chest of the Stag, Harriru, Rainbow" (I i 32-33).
** MUL<sup>meš</sup> ''um-mu-lu-tu''<sub>4</sub> ''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' GABA <sup>mul</sup>''lu-lim'' / GUB<sup>meš</sup>-''zu'' <sup>d</sup>''Ḫar-ri-ru'' <sup>d</sup>TIR.AN.NA
* (2) Astrological predictions: <sup>d</sup>TIR.AN.NA UD ḪE<sub>2</sub>.NUN MU.NE / DIŠ ina <sup>im</sup>U<sub>18</sub>.LUU A.AN ina <sup>im</sup>SI.SA<sub>2</sub> A.KAL ina <sup>im</sup>KUR.RA A.AN ina <sup>im</sup>MAR GIR<sub>3</sub>.BAL "The name of the Rainbow — 'day of plenty'. If (it is seen) in the south — rain, in the north — flood, in the east — rain, in the west — desolation" (II iii 33-34) [MA, 27, 112-113, 135]; it is possible that this prediction does not refer to the constellation <sup>mul</sup>TIR.AN.NA, but to the rainbow as a natural phenomenon, although the context does not seem to allow such an assumption.
** "The dim stars that stand on the chest of the Stag, Harriru, Rainbow" (I i 32-33).
* (2) Astrological predictions:
** <sup>d</sup>TIR.AN.NA UD ḪE<sub>2</sub>.NUN MU.NE / DIŠ ''ina'' <sup>im</sup>U<sub>18</sub>.LUU A.AN ''ina'' <sup>im</sup>SI.SA<sub>2</sub> A.KAL ''ina'' <sup>im</sup>KUR.RA A.AN ''ina'' <sup>im</sup>MAR GIR<sub>3</sub>.BAL
** "The name of the Rainbow — 'day of plenty'. If (it is seen) in the south — rain, in the north — flood, in the east — rain, in the west — desolation" (II iii 33-34) [MA, 27, 112-113, 135];
It is possible that this prediction does not refer to the constellation <sup>mul</sup>TIR.AN.NA, but to the rainbow as a natural phenomenon, although the context does not seem to allow such an assumption.
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|'''Šumma Sîn ina tāmartīšu.'''
|'''Šumma Sîn ina tāmartīšu.'''
diš 30 tur<sub>3</sub> ban.an.na nigin... "If the Moon is surrounded by a halo (in the form of the) Celestial Bow...." [Koch Westenholz 1999, 163:138]; here ban.an.na is probably a figurative expression for rainbow; in relation to this, see also: [...gi]š.ban ban.an.na ... ban an-e "[...] Bow, Heavenly Bow ... Heavenly Bow" [NSAM 2, 80, IIIb 11′ + comm. p. 64].
* diš 30 tur<sub>3</sub> ban.an.na nigin... "If the Moon is surrounded by a halo (in the form of the) Celestial Bow...." [Koch Westenholz 1999, 163:138]; here ban.an.na is probably a figurative expression for rainbow; in relation to this, see also: [...gi]š.ban ban.an.na ... ban an-e "[...] Bow, Heavenly Bow ... Heavenly Bow" [NSAM 2, 80, IIIb 11′ + comm. p. 64].
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|'''"Great Star List and Miscellenia"'''
|'''"Great Star List and Miscellenia"'''
* (1) <sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na = <sup>mul</sup>min(=ab.sin<sub>2</sub>) "Rainbow = FUrrow";
* (1) <sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na = <sup>mul</sup>min(=ab.sin<sub>2</sub>) "Rainbow = FUrrow";
* (2) tir.an.na ud nu-uḫ-šu<sub>2</sub> mu.bi<sub>2</sub> mar-ra-tum "Rainbow, its name means, 'day of plenty,' rainbow" [Mesop.Astrol., App. B: 43, 167].
* (2) tir.an.na ud ''nu-uḫ-šu''<sub>2</sub> mu.bi<sub>2</sub> ''mar-ra-tum'' "Rainbow, its name means, 'day of plenty,' rainbow" [Mesop.Astrol., App. B: 43, 167].
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|'''Dalbanna-text.'''
|'''Dalbanna-text.'''
H. <sup>mul</sup>tir.[an.na] "Ra[arc]" (β Cas), see (Kurtik u06) [[UD.KA.DU8.A|UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A]]. §e. [<sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na]? "[Rainbow]" (β Cas), see (Kurtik a39) [[ANŠE.KUR.RA]].
* H. <sup>mul</sup>tir.[an.na] "Ra[arc]" (β Cas), see (Kurtik u06) [[UD.KA.DU8.A|UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A]].
* §e. [<sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na]<sup>?</sup> "[Rainbow]" (β Cas), see (Kurtik a39) [[ANŠE.KUR.RA]].
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===Additional===
===Additional===
         '''II. Deity.'''


==== II. Deity. ====
         The name of the constellation was fixed with the determinative of a deity already mentioned in the early monolingual lists of stars. The temple <sup>d</sup>tir.an.na is mentioned in a hymn from Kish [Sjöberg, Bergmann 1969, 167, line 34]. (check and supplement)
         The name of the constellation was fixed with the determinative of a deity already mentioned in the early monolingual lists of stars. The temple <sup>d</sup>tir.an.na is mentioned in a hymn from Kish [Sjöberg, Bergmann 1969, 167, line 34]. (check and supplement)


         '''III. Identification.'''
==== III. Identification. ====

         = 18, 31 and 32 of Andromeda (Andromeda) (?) [MA, 138; ASM, 274].
         = 18, 31 and 32 of Andromeda (Andromeda) (?) [MA, 138; ASM, 274].


         = β Cassiopeiae [Koch 1995, 57, H; ASM, 105, H].
         = β Cassiopeiae [Koch 1995, 57, H; ASM, 105, H].


         '''IV. Astrology.'''
==== IV. Astrology. ====
         (1) General astrological meaning; <sup>mul d</sup>TIR.AN.NA ''a-na'' [ŠE]G<sub>3</sub> NU SUR / DIŠ ''ina'' UD ''er-pi ša''<sub>2</sub> ŠEG<sub>3</sub> SUR <sup>d</sup>TIR.AN.[NA G]IL ŠEG<sub>3</sub> NU SUR "(Constellation) Rainbow for (predicting) the absence of rain. If on a cloudy day, the rainbow [is] bent when it rains,: [there will be] no rain." [ACh Ištar, 25:8; BPO 2, III 4-4a + Parallels;], the second part of the prediction seems to have a purely meteorological meaning, see also [ibid, I 8]; <sup>[m]ul</sup>TIR AN.NA ''ana'' [IM].ŠEG<sub>3</sub> ŠEG<sub>3</sub> [...] / <sup>d</sup>TIR.AN.NA ''ina'' <sup>iti</sup>˹AB˺ [...] "(Constellation) Rainbow for (predicting) rain [...]. Rainbow in the month of tebet [...]" [BPO 2, II 1-1a + Parallels], cf. MUL.APIN I iii 7-8, where the date of the heliacal rising of <sup>mul</sup>IM.ŠEŠ refers also to tebet (cf. i09).


         (2) Moon, halo and rainbow; [diš 30 tur<sub>3</sub>] ''mar-ra-tum'' nigin lal še ''u'' še.giš.i<sub>3</sub> ''mar-ra-tum'' <sup>d</sup>tir.an.na tur<sub>3</sub> <sup>d</sup>tir.an.na nigin-[''ma''] "[If the Moon] is surrounded by [a halo] (resembling) a rainbow (during its appearance): a decrease in (the harvest of) barley and sesame. Marratum means 'rainbow,' i.e., it is surrounded by a halo of rainbows"" [Koch-Westenholz 1999, 161:122]; here, too, it seems to refer to the observation of the rainbow as a natural phenomenon.
         (1) General astrological meaning; <sup>mul d</sup>TIR.AN.NA a-na [ŠE]G<sub>3</sub> NU SUR / DIŠ ina UD er-pi ša<sub>2</sub> ŠEG<sub>3</sub> SUR <sup>d</sup>TIR.AN.[NA G]IL ŠEG<sub>3</sub> NU SUR "(Constellation) Rainbow for (predicting) the absence of rain. If on a cloudy day, the rainbow [is] bent when it rains,: [there will be] no rain." [ACh Ištar, 25:8; BPO 2, III 4-4a + Parallels;], the second part of the prediction seems to have a purely meteorological meaning, see also [ibid, I 8]; <sup>[m]ul</sup>TIR AN.NA ana [IM].ŠEG<sub>3</sub> ŠEG<sub>3</sub> [...] / <sup>d</sup>TIR.AN.NA ina <sup>iti</sup>˹AB˺ [...] "(Constellation) Rainbow for (predicting) rain [...]. Rainbow in the month of tebet [...]" [BPO 2, II 1-1a + Parallels], cf. MUL.APIN I iii 7-8, where the date of the heliacal rising of mulIM.ŠEŠ refers also to tebet (cf. i09).

         (2) Moon, halo and rainbow; [diš 30 tur<sub>3</sub>] mar-ra-tum nigin lal še u še.giš.i<sub>3</sub> mar-ra-tum <sup>d</sup>tir.an.na tur<sub>3</sub> <sup>d</sup>tir.an.na nigin-[ma] "[If the Moon] is surrounded by [a halo] (resembling) a rainbow (during its appearance): a decrease in (the harvest of) barley and sesame. Marratum means 'rainbow,' i.e., it is surrounded by a halo of rainbows"" [Koch-Westenholz 1999, 161:122]; here, too, it seems to refer to the observation of the rainbow as a natural phenomenon.


==Historical Dictionaries==
==Historical Dictionaries==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Kurtik (2022, m06)
!
|-
|= <sup>mul / d</sup>TIR.AN.NA «Радуга»; группа звезд в созвездии Андромеды [G. 407; CAD M/1, 230–232]; в основном в лексических текстах, см. t05TIR.AN.NA.
!
|-
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022)
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, t...)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
|-
|-

Latest revision as of 06:10, 2 May 2025

mul / TIR.AN.NA is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.

Dictionary

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

  • = manzât "Rainbow" [G. 407; CAD M/1, 230-232];
  • asterism in the constellation mulLU.LIM "Stag" (see L09) in Andromeda.
Sources Identifications
Lexical texts.
  • (1) Unilingual Sumerian lists: multir.an.na [MSL XI, 108:393], mul dtir.an.na [MSL XI, 143, Forerunner 8, col. x 20].
  • (2) Urra XXII series:
    • multir.an.na = ma-an-za-ta [Emar VI/4, 151:159], multir.an.na = man-za-tum [Cavigneaux 1981 105, 79.B.1/5 col. iv 3],
    • [mu]ltir.an.na = man-za-tu[m] [Cavigneaux 1979, 134:16; Bloch-Horowitz 2015, 107:284ʹ].
  • (3) List of stars: ˹multir˺.an.[na] [CT 26, 47, K.11739 r. 6].
EAE.

See. [BPO 2, I 8, II 1, III 4; NSAM 2, 248].

Text BM 77054.
  • ina itišu ud.1.kam ina r[i-bi?...] / multir.an.na gu[b...]
  • "On the 1st day of duuzu before the en[tering...] / The rainbow sta[nds...]" [George 1991, 304-305, obv. 5′-6′].
MUL.APIN.
  • (1) Enlil's list of stars (no. 31):
    • MULmeš um-mu-lu-tu4 ša2 ina GABA mullu-lim / GUBmeš-zu dḪar-ri-ru dTIR.AN.NA
    • "The dim stars that stand on the chest of the Stag, Harriru, Rainbow" (I i 32-33).
  • (2) Astrological predictions:
    • dTIR.AN.NA UD ḪE2.NUN MU.NE / DIŠ ina imU18.LUU A.AN ina imSI.SA2 A.KAL ina imKUR.RA A.AN ina imMAR GIR3.BAL
    • "The name of the Rainbow — 'day of plenty'. If (it is seen) in the south — rain, in the north — flood, in the east — rain, in the west — desolation" (II iii 33-34) [MA, 27, 112-113, 135];

It is possible that this prediction does not refer to the constellation mulTIR.AN.NA, but to the rainbow as a natural phenomenon, although the context does not seem to allow such an assumption.

Šumma Sîn ina tāmartīšu.
  • diš 30 tur3 ban.an.na nigin... "If the Moon is surrounded by a halo (in the form of the) Celestial Bow...." [Koch Westenholz 1999, 163:138]; here ban.an.na is probably a figurative expression for rainbow; in relation to this, see also: [...gi]š.ban ban.an.na ... ban an-e "[...] Bow, Heavenly Bow ... Heavenly Bow" [NSAM 2, 80, IIIb 11′ + comm. p. 64].
"Great Star List and Miscellenia"
  • (1) multir.an.na = mulmin(=ab.sin2) "Rainbow = FUrrow";
  • (2) tir.an.na ud nu-uḫ-šu2 mu.bi2 mar-ra-tum "Rainbow, its name means, 'day of plenty,' rainbow" [Mesop.Astrol., App. B: 43, 167].
Dalbanna-text.
  • H. multir.[an.na] "Ra[arc]" (β Cas), see (Kurtik u06) UD.KA.DU8.A.
  • §e. [multir.an.na]? "[Rainbow]" (β Cas), see (Kurtik a39) ANŠE.KUR.RA.

Additional

II. Deity.

         The name of the constellation was fixed with the determinative of a deity already mentioned in the early monolingual lists of stars. The temple dtir.an.na is mentioned in a hymn from Kish [Sjöberg, Bergmann 1969, 167, line 34]. (check and supplement)

III. Identification.

         = 18, 31 and 32 of Andromeda (Andromeda) (?) [MA, 138; ASM, 274].

         = β Cassiopeiae [Koch 1995, 57, H; ASM, 105, H].

IV. Astrology.

         (1) General astrological meaning; mul dTIR.AN.NA a-na [ŠE]G3 NU SUR / DIŠ ina UD er-pi ša2 ŠEG3 SUR dTIR.AN.[NA G]IL ŠEG3 NU SUR "(Constellation) Rainbow for (predicting) the absence of rain. If on a cloudy day, the rainbow [is] bent when it rains,: [there will be] no rain." [ACh Ištar, 25:8; BPO 2, III 4-4a + Parallels;], the second part of the prediction seems to have a purely meteorological meaning, see also [ibid, I 8]; [m]ulTIR AN.NA ana [IM].ŠEG3 ŠEG3 [...] / dTIR.AN.NA ina iti˹AB˺ [...] "(Constellation) Rainbow for (predicting) rain [...]. Rainbow in the month of tebet [...]" [BPO 2, II 1-1a + Parallels], cf. MUL.APIN I iii 7-8, where the date of the heliacal rising of mulIM.ŠEŠ refers also to tebet (cf. i09).

         (2) Moon, halo and rainbow; [diš 30 tur3] mar-ra-tum nigin lal še u še.giš.i3 mar-ra-tum dtir.an.na tur3 dtir.an.na nigin-[ma] "[If the Moon] is surrounded by [a halo] (resembling) a rainbow (during its appearance): a decrease in (the harvest of) barley and sesame. Marratum means 'rainbow,' i.e., it is surrounded by a halo of rainbows"" [Koch-Westenholz 1999, 161:122]; here, too, it seems to refer to the observation of the rainbow as a natural phenomenon.

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, m06)
= mul / dTIR.AN.NA «Радуга»; группа звезд в созвездии Андромеды [G. 407; CAD M/1, 230–232]; в основном в лексических текстах, см. t05TIR.AN.NA.
Kurtik (2022, t...) Gössmann (1950)
= manzât «Радуга»; астеризм в созвездии mulLU.LIM «Олень» (см. L09) в Андромеде (Andromeda) [CAD M/1, 231–232; G. 407].

I. Источники.

Лексич. тексты. (1) Одноязычные шумерские списки: multir.an.na [MSL XI, 108:393], mul dtir.an.na [MSL XI, 143, Forerunner 8, col. x 20]. (2) Cерия Urra XXII: multir.an.na = ma-an-za-ta [Emar VI/4, 151:159], multir.an.na = man-za-tum [Cavigneaux 1981 105, 79.B.1/5 col. iv 3], [mu]ltir.an.na = man-za-tu[m] [Cavigneaux 1979, 134:16; Bloch–Horowitz 2015, 107:284ʹ]. (3) Список звезд: ˹multir˺.an.[na] [CT 26, 47, K.11739 r. 6]. ЕАЕ. См. [BPO 2, I 8, II 1, III 4; NSAM 2, 248]. Текст BM 77054. ina itišu ud.1.kam ina r[i-bi?…] / multir.an.na gu[b…] «1-го дуузу при за[ходе…] / Радуга сто[ит…]» [George 1991, 304–305, obv. 5′–6′]. MUL.APIN. (1) Список звезд Энлиля (№ 31): MULmeš um-mu-lu-tu4 ša2 ina GABA mullu-lim / GUBmeš-zu dḪar-ri-ru dTIR.AN.NA «Тусклые звезды, которые стоят на груди Оленя, Харриру, Радуга» (I i 32–33). (2) Астрологические предсказания: dTIR.AN.NA UD ḪE2.NUN MU.NE / DIŠ ina imU18.LU A.AN ina imSI.SA2 A.KAL ina imKUR.RA A.AN ina imMAR GIR3.BAL «Имя Радуги — “день изобилия”. Если (она видна) на юге — дождь, на севере — наводнение, на востоке — дождь, на западе — опустошение» (II iii 33–34) [MA, 27, 112–113, 135]; не исключено, что в этом предсказании речь идет не о созвездии mulTIR.AN.NA, а о радуге как природном явлении, хотя контекст такое предположение как будто не допускает. Šumma Sîn ina tāmartīšu. diš 30 tur3 ban.an.na nigin… «Если Луна окружена гало (в виде) Небесного Лука….» [Koch Westenholz 1999, 163:138]; здесь ban.an.na, вероятно, образное выражение для обозначения радуги; см. в этой связи также: […gi]š.ban ban.an.na … ban an-e «[…] Лук, Небесный Лук … Небесный Лук» [NSAM 2, 80, IIIb 11′ + comm. p. 64]. «Большой список звезд». (1) multir.an.na = mulmin(=ab.sin2) «Радуга  = Борозда»; (2) tir.an.na ud nu-uḫ-šu2 mu.bi2 mar-ra-tum «Радуга, ее имя “день изобилия”, радуга» [Mesop.Astrol., App. B: 43, 167]. Dalbanna-текст. H. multir.[an.na] «Ра[дуга]» (β Cas), см. u06UD.KA.DU8.A. §e. [multir.an.na]? «[Радуга]» (β Cas), см. a39ANŠE.KUR.RA.

II. Божество.

Название созвездия фиксировалось с детерминативом божества уже в ранних одноязычных списках звезд. Храм dtir.an.na упоминается в гимне из Киша [Sjöberg, Bergmann 1969, 167, line 34]. (проверить и дополнить)

III. Отождествление.

= 18, 31 и 32 Андромеды (Andromeda) (?) [MA, 138; ASM, 274].

= β Cassiopeiae [Koch 1995, 57, H; ASM, 105, H].

IV. Астрология.

(1) Общее астрологическое значение; mul dTIR.AN.NA a-na [ŠE]G3 NU SUR / DIŠ ina UD er-pi ša2 ŠEG3 SUR dTIR.AN.[NA G]IL ŠEG3 NU SUR «(Созвездие) Радуга для (предсказания) отсутствия дождя. Если в облачный день, когда идет дождь, раду[га из]гибается: [дож]дя не будет» [ACh Ištar, 25:8; BPO 2, III 4–4a + Parallels;], вторая часть предсказания имеет, по-видимому, чисто метеорологическое значение, см. также [ibid., I 8]; [m]ulTIR AN.NA ana [IM].ŠEG3 ŠEG3 […] / dTIR.AN.NA ina iti˹AB˺ […] «(Созвездие) Радуга для (предсказания) дождя […]. Радуга в месяце тебету […]» [BPO 2, II 1–1a + Parallels], cр. MUL.APIN I iii 7–8, где дата гелиакического восхода mulIM.ŠEŠ относится также к тебету (см. i09).

(2) Луна, гало и радуга; [diš 30 tur3] mar-ra-tum nigin lal še u še.giš.i3 mar-ra-tum dtir.an.na tur3 dtir.an.na nigin-[ma] «[Если Луна] (при своем появлении) окружена [гало] (похожим на) радугу: уменьшение (урожая) ячменя и сезама. Marratum означает “радуга”, т.е. она окружена гало из радуги» [Koch-Westenholz 1999, 161:122]; здесь также, по-видимому, речь идет о наблюдении радуги как природного явления.

Example

References