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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Asīdu}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Asīdu}}
[[File:Heel of UKADUA.jpg|alt=Stellarium map|thumb|Heel of the "Demon with the Gaping Mouth" in Mesopotamian astral science, typically identified with lambda Andromedae (in the first millennium). Depiction in Stellarium, painting by Jessica Gullberg 2021.]]

The body part asidu is the heel of human figures and parallel part in composites. For the asidu as part of the ?????-constellation see those entries.
The body part asidu is the heel of human figures and parallel part in composites. For the asidu as part of any constellation see those entries.


==Dictionary (Provenance of the term)==
==Dictionary (Provenance of the term)==
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
⚫
= <sup>mul</sup>Asīdu "Heel" is used as designation for a body part of constellations [G. 38; AHw 73-74; CAD A/2, 330], including:
⚫
= "Heel (of the Demon with an Open Mouth)";


# Heel of <sup>mul</sup>[[UD.KA.DU8.A|UD.KA.DUḪ.A]] (The Demon with the Gaping Mouth)
* 1) = ziqpu XI, a star in the Andromeda constellation,
⚫
# Heel of Enmesharra, see (Kurtik e11) [[EN.ME.ŠAR2.RA|EN.ME.ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.RA]], V 2.
⚫
* 2) an element of the figure of a number of constellations [G. 38; AHw 73-74; CAD A/2, 330].
⚫
# Heel of the Old Man, see (Kurtik sh16) [[ŠU.GI]], (Kurtik e11) [[EN.ME.ŠAR2.RA|EN.ME.ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.RA]], III 4.
⚫
# The Rear Heel of the True Shepherd of Anu, see (Kurtik s22) [[SIPA.ZI.AN.NA]], V 1.


The "heel of UD.KA.DUḪ.A" is a ''ziqpu''-star (= ''ziqpu'' XI, in the constellation of Andromeda) and has, thus, a metrical significance.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"


!Sources!!Identifications
!Sources!!Identifications
|-
|-
|MUL.APIN.
|'''MUL.APIN.'''

* In the list of culminations and simultaneous heliacal risings:
* In the list of culminations and simultaneous heliacal risings:
** ''ina'' <sup>iti</sup>SIG<sub>4</sub> UD 10 KAM ''a-si-du ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>UD.KA.DUḪ.A ''ina'' MURUB<sub>4</sub> AN-''e'' / IGI''-it'' GABA''-ka'' GUB-''ma'' <sup>mul</sup>SIPA.ZI.AN. NA KUR-''ḫa''
** ''ina'' <sup>iti</sup>SIG<sub>4</sub> UD 10 KAM ''a-si-du ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>UD.KA.DUḪ.A ''ina'' MURUB<sub>4</sub> AN-''e'' / IGI''-it'' GABA''-ka'' GUB-''ma'' <sup>mul</sup>SIPA.ZI.AN. NA KUR-''ḫa''
** "On the 10th of Simanu the Heel of the Demon with an Open Mouth stands in the middle of the sky / opposite your chests, and the True Shepherd of Anu ascends" (I iv 19-20) [MA 63].
** "On the 10th of Simanu the Heel of the Demon with a Gaping Mouth stands in the middle of the sky / opposite your chests, and the True Shepherd of Anu ascends" (I iv 19-20) [MA 63].
|
|
|-
|-
|Lists of ziqpu-stars.
|'''Lists of ziqpu-stars.'''

* (1) AO 6478:
* (1) AO 6478:
** a) [3 ⅓] MA.NA MIN(=''šuqultu'') | ⅔ DANNA ''i-na'' KI.MIN (= ''ina qaqqari'') | 36 IGI DANNA ''ina'' [KI. MIN] (= ''ina šamê'') / TA <sup>mul</sup>''kin-ṣi'' EN <sup>mul</sup>''a-si''-[''di''] "[3⅓] mins weight, 20° on earth, 36000 miles in the sky / From Knee to Heel (Demon with the Gaping Mouth)",
** a) [3 ⅓] MA.NA MIN(=''šuqultu'') | ⅔ DANNA ''i-na'' KI.MIN (= ''ina qaqqari'') | 36 IGI DANNA ''ina'' [KI. MIN] (= ''ina šamê'') / TA <sup>mul</sup>''kin-ṣi'' EN <sup>mul</sup>''a-si''-[''di''] "[3⅓] mins weight, 20° on earth, 36000 miles in the sky / From Knee to Heel (Demon with the Gaping Mouth)",
** b) [1⅔ M]A. NA MIN | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN | 18 IGI DANNA i[na KI.MIN] (=ina šamê) / TA <sup>mul</sup>''a-si-di'' EN IV ša<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>LU.[LIM] "[1⅔ mi]ns of weight, 10° on earth, 18000 miles in the sky / From Heel to 4 stars of the Dee[r]" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:23-26; TU, 21:23-26; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228-229]; for a parallel see. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:14-15].
** b) [1⅔ M]A. NA MIN | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN | 18 IGI DANNA i[na KI.MIN] (=ina šamê) / TA <sup>mul</sup>''a-si-di'' EN IV ša<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>LU.[LIM] "[1⅔ mi]ns of weight, 10° on earth, 18000 miles in the sky / From Heel to 4 stars of the Dee[r]" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:23-26; TU, 21:23-26; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228-229]; for a parallel see. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:14-15].
* (2) VAT 16437: ⅔ DANNA ''a-na mula-si-[du]'' "20° to the Heel (of the Demon with an Open Mouth)." [Schaumberger 1952, 224-225:6].
* (2) VAT 16437: ⅔ DANNA ''a-na mula-si-''[''du''] "20° to the Heel (of the Demon with an Open Mouth)." [Schaumberger 1952, 224-225:6].
* (3) VAT 16436: <sup>múl</sup>''a-si-du'' // 1 // 8 IGI 2 ME KUŠ<sub>3</sub> "Heel // 1 (star) // 8200 cubits." [Schaumberger 1952, 226-227:3].
* (3) VAT 16436: <sup>múl</sup>''a-si-du'' // 1 // 8 IGI 2 ME KUŠ<sub>3</sub> "Heel // 1 (star) // 8200 cubits." [Schaumberger 1952, 226-227:3].
* (4) BM 38369+:
* (4) BM 38369+:
** a) TA <sup>d</sup>''ki-in-ṣi-šu'' EN ''a-si-di-šu''<sub>2</sub> ˹⅔˺ [DANNA] "From his Knee to his Heel ⅔ [miles],"
** a) TA <sup>d</sup>''ki-in-ṣi-šu'' EN ''a-si-di-šu''<sub>2</sub> ˹⅔˺ [DANNA] "From his Knee to his Heel ⅔ [miles],"
** b) TA ''da-si-di-šu'' EN SI ''ša'' <sup>mul</sup>LU.[LIM ...] "From his Heel to the Horms of the Dee[r]..." [Horowitz 1994a, 91-92:5-7].
** b) TA ''da-si-di-šu'' EN SI ''ša'' <sup>mul</sup>LU.[LIM ...] "From his Heel to the Horms of the Sta[g]..." [Horowitz 1994a, 91-92:5-7].
* (5) Sippar Planisphere:
⚫
* (5) Sippar Planisphere: ⅔ DANNA ana <sup>mul</sup>''a-si-du'' "⅔ miles (200) to (his) Heels" [Horowitz-al-Rawi 2001, 171-173:11].
** ⅔ DANNA ana <sup>mul</sup>''a-si-du''
⚫
** "⅔ miles (200) to (his) Heels" [Horowitz-al-Rawi 2001, 171-173:11].
|
|
|-
|-
|Anaphora.
|'''Anaphora.'''
* BM 36609+:

* BM 36609+: EN a-si-du, see (Kurtik m15) MAŠ.MAŠ; TA ''a-si-du'', see (Kurtik a21) ALLA.
** EN a-si-du, see (Kurtik m15) [[MAŠ.MAŠ]];
** TA ''a-si-du'', see (Kurtik a21) [[ALLA]].
|
|
|-
|-
|"Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts.”
|'''"Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts.”'''
⚫
* <sup>múl</sup>''a-si-du ziq-pi sin'' AN.KU<sub>10</sub> "(When) the Heel culminated, the eclipse of the Moon (took place)." [AD III, no.-90 obv. 6]. Calendar of daily risings and settings of the ''ziqpu''-star. See. [Schaumberger 1955, 247-251].

⚫
* <sup>múl</sup>a-si-du ziq-pi sin AN.KU<sub>10</sub> "(When) the Heel culminated, the eclipse of the Moon (took place)." [AD III, no.-90 obv. 6]. Calendar of daily risings and settings of the ''ziqpu''-star. See. [Schaumberger 1955, 247-251].
|
|
|}
|}
See also:
See also: TA ''kin-ṣi-šu''<sub>2</sub> EN ''a-si-di-šu''<sub>2</sub> "From its (the Demon with an Open Mouth) knee to its heel" [TCL 6, 18 r. 15]; a-na a-si-du [LBAT, 1501:10]; EN ''a-si-di'' [mul]''En-me-šar''<sub>2</sub>-''ra'' "to the heel of Enmesharra" [ACh Suppl. 2, 53 r. 15]; <sup>múl</sup>a-[si-du] [Sachs 1952, 75, U. 197:9′].


* TA ''kin-ṣi-šu''<sub>2</sub> EN ''a-si-di-šu''<sub>2</sub>
===additional===
⚫
** "From its (the Demon with an Open Mouth) knee to its heel" [TCL 6, 18 r. 15];
⚫
II. Identification.
* a-na a-si-du [LBAT, 1501:10];
* EN ''a-si-di'' [mul]''En-me-šar''<sub>2</sub>-''ra''
** "to the heel of Enmesharra" [ACh Suppl. 2, 53 r. 15];
* <sup>múl</sup>''a''-[''si-du''] [Sachs 1952, 75, U. 197:9′].


===Additional===
Ziqpu XI:


⚫
==== II. Identification. ====
⚫
= α Andromedae [G. 38];
              Ziqpu XI:


⚫
              = α Andromedae [G. 38];
⚫
= <sup>múl</sup>''a-si-du'' includes 1 star, according to VAT 16436:3; = σ Andromedae(?) [Schaumberger 1952, 227-227, 229];


⚫
              = <sup>múl</sup>''a-si-du'' includes 1 star, according to VAT 16436:3; = σ Andromedae(?) [Schaumberger 1952, 227-227, 229];
⚫
= α Cassiopeiae [MA 143];


⚫
              = α Cassiopeiae [MA 143];
⚫
= λ Andromedae [ASM 86, 275].


⚫
              = λ Andromedae [ASM 86, 275].
As an element of the constellation figure:

⚫
(1) Heel of Enmesharra, see (Kurtik e11) EN.ME.ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.RA, V 2.

⚫
(2) The Rear Heel of the True Shepherd of Anu, see (Kurtik s22) SIPA.ZI.AN.NA, V 1.

⚫
(3) Heel of the Old Man, see (Kurtik sh16) ŠU.GI, (Kurtik e11) EN.ME.ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.RA, III 4.


==Historical Dictionaries==
==Historical Dictionaries==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, a46)
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, a47)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
|-
|-
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[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]

[[Category:4work]]

Revision as of 18:46, 31 March 2025

Stellarium map
Heel of the "Demon with the Gaping Mouth" in Mesopotamian astral science, typically identified with lambda Andromedae (in the first millennium). Depiction in Stellarium, painting by Jessica Gullberg 2021.

The body part asidu is the heel of human figures and parallel part in composites. For the asidu as part of any constellation see those entries.

Dictionary (Provenance of the term)

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

= mulAsīdu "Heel" is used as designation for a body part of constellations [G. 38; AHw 73-74; CAD A/2, 330], including:

  1. Heel of mulUD.KA.DUḪ.A (The Demon with the Gaping Mouth)
  2. Heel of Enmesharra, see (Kurtik e11) EN.ME.ŠAR2.RA, V 2.
  3. Heel of the Old Man, see (Kurtik sh16) ŠU.GI, (Kurtik e11) EN.ME.ŠAR2.RA, III 4.
  4. The Rear Heel of the True Shepherd of Anu, see (Kurtik s22) SIPA.ZI.AN.NA, V 1.

The "heel of UD.KA.DUḪ.A" is a ziqpu-star (= ziqpu XI, in the constellation of Andromeda) and has, thus, a metrical significance.

Sources Identifications
MUL.APIN.
  • In the list of culminations and simultaneous heliacal risings:
    • ina itiSIG4 UD 10 KAM a-si-du ša2 mulUD.KA.DUḪ.A ina MURUB4 AN-e / IGI-it GABA-ka GUB-ma mulSIPA.ZI.AN. NA KUR-ḫa
    • "On the 10th of Simanu the Heel of the Demon with a Gaping Mouth stands in the middle of the sky / opposite your chests, and the True Shepherd of Anu ascends" (I iv 19-20) [MA 63].
Lists of ziqpu-stars.
  • (1) AO 6478:
    • a) [3 ⅓] MA.NA MIN(=šuqultu) | ⅔ DANNA i-na KI.MIN (= ina qaqqari) | 36 IGI DANNA ina [KI. MIN] (= ina šamê) / TA mulkin-ṣi EN mula-si-[di] "[3⅓] mins weight, 20° on earth, 36000 miles in the sky / From Knee to Heel (Demon with the Gaping Mouth)",
    • b) [1⅔ M]A. NA MIN | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN | 18 IGI DANNA i[na KI.MIN] (=ina šamê) / TA mula-si-di EN IV ša2 mulLU.[LIM] "[1⅔ mi]ns of weight, 10° on earth, 18000 miles in the sky / From Heel to 4 stars of the Dee[r]" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:23-26; TU, 21:23-26; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228-229]; for a parallel see. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:14-15].
  • (2) VAT 16437: ⅔ DANNA a-na mula-si-[du] "20° to the Heel (of the Demon with an Open Mouth)." [Schaumberger 1952, 224-225:6].
  • (3) VAT 16436: múla-si-du // 1 // 8 IGI 2 ME KUŠ3 "Heel // 1 (star) // 8200 cubits." [Schaumberger 1952, 226-227:3].
  • (4) BM 38369+:
    • a) TA dki-in-ṣi-šu EN a-si-di-šu2 ˹⅔˺ [DANNA] "From his Knee to his Heel ⅔ [miles],"
    • b) TA da-si-di-šu EN SI ša mulLU.[LIM ...] "From his Heel to the Horms of the Sta[g]..." [Horowitz 1994a, 91-92:5-7].
  • (5) Sippar Planisphere:
    • ⅔ DANNA ana mula-si-du
    • "⅔ miles (200) to (his) Heels" [Horowitz-al-Rawi 2001, 171-173:11].
Anaphora.
  • BM 36609+:
    • EN a-si-du, see (Kurtik m15) MAŠ.MAŠ;
    • TA a-si-du, see (Kurtik a21) ALLA.
"Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts.”
  • múla-si-du ziq-pi sin AN.KU10 "(When) the Heel culminated, the eclipse of the Moon (took place)." [AD III, no.-90 obv. 6]. Calendar of daily risings and settings of the ziqpu-star. See. [Schaumberger 1955, 247-251].

See also:

  • TA kin-ṣi-šu2 EN a-si-di-šu2
    • "From its (the Demon with an Open Mouth) knee to its heel" [TCL 6, 18 r. 15];
  • a-na a-si-du [LBAT, 1501:10];
  • EN a-si-di [mul]En-me-šar2-ra
    • "to the heel of Enmesharra" [ACh Suppl. 2, 53 r. 15];
  • múla-[si-du] [Sachs 1952, 75, U. 197:9′].

Additional

II. Identification.

              Ziqpu XI:

              = α Andromedae [G. 38];

              = múla-si-du includes 1 star, according to VAT 16436:3; = σ Andromedae(?) [Schaumberger 1952, 227-227, 229];

              = α Cassiopeiae [MA 143];

              = λ Andromedae [ASM 86, 275].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, a47) Gössmann (1950)
= «Пятка (Демона с Разинутой Пастью)»; 1) = ziqpu XI, звезда в созвездии Андромеды (Andromeda), 2) элемент фигуры ряда созвездий [G. 38; AHw 73–74; CAD A/2, 330]. Example
MUL.APIN. В списке кульминаций и одновременных гелиакических восходов: ina itiSIG4 UD 10 KAM a-si-du ša2 mulUD.KA.DUḪ.A ina MURUB4 AN-e  / IGI-it GABA-ka GUB-ma mulSIPA.ZI.AN.NA KUR-ḫa «10-го симану Пятка Демона с Разинутой Пастью стоит в середине неба / напротив твоей груди, и Праведный Пастух Ану восходит» (I iv 19–20) [MA 63]. Списки ziqpu-звезд. (1) AO 6478: a) [3 ⅓] MA.NA MIN(=šuqultu) | ⅔ DANNA i-na KI.MIN (= ina qaqqari) |  36 IGI DANNA ina [KI.MIN] (= ina šamê) / TA mulkin-ṣi EN mula-si-[di] «[3⅓] мины веса,  200 на земле, 36000 миль на небе / От Колена до Пятки (Демона с Разинутой Пастью)», b) [1⅔ M]A.NA MIN | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN | 18 IGI DANNA i[na KI.MIN] (=ina šamê) / TA mula-si-di EN IV ša2 mulLU.[LIM] «[1⅔ ми]ны веса, 100 на земле, 18000 миль на небе / От Пятки до 4 звезд Оле[ня]» [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:23–26; TU, 21:23–26; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228–229]; параллель см. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:14–15]. (2) VAT 16437: ⅔ DANNA a-na mula-si-[du] «200 до Пятки (Демона с Разинутой Пастью)» [Schaumberger 1952, 224–225:6]. (3) VAT 16436: múla-si-du // 1 // 8 IGI 2 ME KUŠ3 «Пятка // 1 (звезда) // 8200 локтей» [Schaumberger 1952, 226–227:3]. (4) BM 38369+: a) TA dki-in-ṣi-šu EN a-si-di-šu2 ˹⅔˺ [DANNA] «От его Колена до его Пятки ⅔ [мили]», b) TA da-si-di-šu EN SI ša mulLU.[LIM …] «От его Пятки до Рога Оле[ня]…» [Horowitz 1994а, 91–92:5–7]. (5) Sippar Planisphere: ⅔ DANNA ana mula-si-du «⅔ мили (200) до (его) Пятки» [Horowitz–al-Rawi 2001, 171–173:11]. Анафора. BM 36609+: EN a-si-du, см. m15MAŠ.MAŠ; TA a-si-du, см. a21ALLA. «Дневники наблюдений». múla-si-du ziq-pi sin AN.KU10 «(Когда) Пятка кульминировала, затмение Луны (имело место)» [AD III, No.-90 obv. 6]. Kалендарь ежедневных восходов и заходов ziqpu-звезд. См. [Schaumberger 1955, 247–251].

Cм. также: TA kin-ṣi-šu2 EN a-si-di-šu2 «От его (Демона с Разинутой Пастью) колена до его пятки» [TCL 6, 18 r. 15]; a-na a-si-du [LBAT, 1501:10]; EN a-si-di [mul]En-me-šar2-ra  «до пятки Энмешарры» [AСh  Suppl. 2, 53 r. 15]; múla-[si-du] [Sachs 1952, 75, U. 197:9′].

II. Отождествление.

Ziqpu XI:

= α Andromedae [G. 38];

= múla-si-du включало 1 звезду, согласно VAT 16436:3; = σ Andromedae(?) [Schaumberger 1952, 227–227, 229];

=  α Cassiopeiae [MA 143];

=  λ Andromedae [ASM 86, 275].

Как элемент фигуры созвездия:

(1)   Пятка Энмешарры, см. e11EN.ME.ŠAR2.RA, V 2.

(2)   Задняя пятка Праведного Пастуха Ану, см. s22SIPA.ZI.AN.NA, V 1.

(3)   Пятка Старика, см. sh16ŠU.GI,  e11EN.ME.ŠAR2.RA, III 4.

Example

References

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