PAP.SUKKAL

From All Skies Encyclopaedia

dPAP.SUKKAL (π’€­π’‰½π’ˆ›) is one of many names for the premier ancient Mesopotamian messenger deity (PAP = foremost) (sukkal = messenger, vizier) who is identified with mulSIPA.ZI.AN.NA "True Shepherd of Anu.' (Orion). Many examples are to be found in standard Mesopotamian astronomical works including the Astrolabes, MUL.APIN, the Uranology group, and The Great Star List.

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

= dPap-sukkal;

Papsukal, deity of the constellation mulSIPA.ZI.AN.NA "True Shepherd of Anu" (see Kurtik s22), also apparently associated with the planet Mercury or Saturn (see Kurtik g12 GI6).

He is a divine messenger. dPap-sukkal (AN 7r) is the ancient Mesopotamia.[2]

Sources

See (Kurtik s22) SIPA.ZI.AN.NA.

Additional

Deity.

         Akkadian deity identified with Ninshubur and Ilabrat already in the early lists of gods [Weidner 1924-25[3], 11:19, 13:12]. Together with Ninshubur, Papsukal was considered the vizier of Ana and some other gods, including Zababa, Antu, see AN:dAnum (I 33, 42-45, V 51), AN:Anu Ε‘a amΔ“li (61-69) [Litke 1998[4], 25-26, 173, 232-233]. In the Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian periods (and perhaps earlier) he was depicted as an anthropomorphic male figure in a long robe, wearing a horned cap, and holding in his right hand a long rod, stretching from the ground to a point well above his head. The epithet of Ninshubur/Papsukal, found already on the seals of the Old Babylonian periods: "the one who holds the great scepter" [Braun-Holzinger 1996[5], 302, Nr. 489ff.; Litke 1998[4], 25:32a]. Papsukal’s symbolic animal, depicted on one Old Babylonian seal and repeatedly depicted on kudurra, was a striding bird [Braun-Holzinger 1996[5], 346, Nr. 1042; Seidl 1968[6], 74, 150; Kurtik 2007[7], fig. 48]. On the worship of Papsukal in Hellenistic Uruk see. [Beaulieu 1992[8], 60-63]. His name was used for the luminaries, a constellation and apparently Saturn(?) (see Kurtik s22 SIPA.ZI.AN.NA, VI 7).

         On Ninshubur/Papsukal see also [MNM 2[9], 222; Black-Green 1992[10], 141-142; Tallqvist 1938[11], 436-437; Watanabe 1991[12], 365].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, p05) GΓΆssmann (1950)
= dPap-sukkal; ΠŸΠ°ΠΏΡΡƒΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒ, боТСство созвСздия mulSIPA.ZI.AN.NA Β«ΠŸΡ€Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠŸΠ°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΡ… Ану» (ΠžΡ€ΠΈΠΎΠ½) (см. s22), связанноС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌΡƒ, с ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ β€” ΠœΠ΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π‘Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΌ (см. g12GI6).

I. Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ.

Π‘ΠΌ. s22SIPA.ZI.AN.NA.

II. БоТСство.

АккадскоС боТСство, отоТдСствляСмоС с ΠΠΈΠ½ΡˆΡƒΠ±ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π˜Π»Π°Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π² Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ… списках Π±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² [Weidner 1924–25, 11:19, 13:12]. ВмСстС с ΠΠΈΠ½ΡˆΡƒΠ±ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠΌ считался Π²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π΅ΠΌ Ана ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС Π—Π°Π±Π°Π±Ρ‹, Анту, см. AN:dAnum (I 33, 42–45, V 51), AN:Anu Ε‘a amΔ“li (61–69) [Litke 1998, 25–26, 173, 232–233]. Π’ новоассирийский ΠΈ нововавилонский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ (Π°, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅) изобраТался Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ€Ρ„Π½ΠΎΠΉ муТской Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π² Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ одСянии, Π² Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ шапкС, Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠ΅ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π·Π» ΠΎΡ‚ Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ уровня Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹. Π­ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΠΈΠ½ΡˆΡƒΠ±ΡƒΡ€Π°/ΠŸΠ°ΠΏΡΡƒΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ, Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° пСчатях старовавилонского Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ: Β«Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΠΉ скипСтр» [Braun-Holzinger 1996, 302, Nr. 489 ΠΈ сл.; Litke 1998, 25:32a]. Π•Π³ΠΎ символичСским ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ старовавилонской ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΊΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ€Ρƒ, Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΡˆΠ°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Π° [Braun-Holzinger 1996, 346, Nr. 1042; Seidl 1968, 74, 150; ΠšΡƒΡ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊ 2007, рис. 48]. О ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠŸΠ°ΠΏΡΡƒΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŽ Π² эллинистичСском Π£Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠ΅ см. [Beaulieu 1992, 60–63]. Π•Π³ΠΎ имя использовалось для обозначСния свСтил β€” созвСздия ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌΡƒ, Π‘Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°(?) (см. s22, VI 7).

О ΠΠΈΠ½ΡˆΡƒΠ±ΡƒΡ€Π΅/ΠŸΠ°ΠΏΡΡƒΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ см. Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ [МНМ 2, 222; Black–Green 1992, 141–142; Tallqvist 1938, 436–437; Watanabe 1991, 365].

Example

References

  1. ↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
  2. ↑ Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579
  3. ↑ Weidner E. Altbabylonische GΓΆtterlisten // AfO. 1924-1925. Bd. 2. S. 1-18, 71-82.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Litke R.L. A Reconstruction of the Assyro-Babylonian God-Lists, AN:dA-nu-um and AN:Anu Ε‘a2 amΔ“li. New Haven, 1998 (Texts from the Babylonian Collection, Vol. 3).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Braun-Holzinger E.A. Altbabylonische GΓΆtter und ihre Symbole // BaM . 1996. Bd. 27. S.235-359, Tafel 1-42.
  6. ↑ Seidl U. Die babylonischen Kudurru-Reliefs // BaM. 1968, Bd. 4. S. 1-220.
  7. ↑ Kurtik, G. (2007): Π—Π²Π΅Π·Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎ Π”Ρ€Π΅Π²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠœΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΈ. Π¨ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎ-аккадскиС названия созвСздий ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… свСтил [The Star Heaven of Ancient Mesopotamia: Sumero-Akkadian Names of Constellations and Other Heavenly Bodies], Aletejja, St. Petersburg, Russia.
  8. ↑ Beaulieu P.-A. Antiquarian Theology in Seleucid Uruk // ASJ. 1992. Vol. 14. P. 47-75.
  9. ↑ ΠœΠΈΡ„Ρ‹ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π°. Π’. 1-2 / Π“Π»Π°Π². Ρ€Π΅Π΄. Π‘.А.Π’ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π². 2-Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. М.: БовСтская энциклопСдия. 1992.
  10. ↑ Black J., Green A. Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. An Illustrated Dictionary. London, British Museum Press, 1992.
  11. ↑ Tallqvist K. Akkadische GΓΆtterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.
  12. ↑ Watanabe K. SegenswΓΌnsche fΓΌr den assyrischen KΓΆnig in der 2. Person Sg. // ASJ. 1991. Vol. 13. P. 347-387.