al-Suʿūd ()

Lucky Stars, Arabian lunar stations (CC BY Khalid al-Ajaji for Stellarium).

al-Suʿūd is an Arabian asterism, perhaps a constellation - a group of named stars in Aquarius and adjacent constellations.

Concordance, Etymology, History

Lucky Stars in Aquarius and Capricornus (CC BY Laffitte 2025).

There are four Arab Lunar Stations formed by the Lucky Stars:

Lunar Station	native name	Romanisation	Translation	Author	Identification
XXII		Saᶜd al-Ḏābiḥ	the Lucky [star] of  Dhabih	Mālik	α, β Cap
XXIII		Saᶜd al-Bulaᶜ	the Lucky [star] of Bulac	Mālik	ν, μ, ε Aqr
XXIV		Saᶜd al-Sucūd	the Luckiest of the Lucky [stars]	Mālik	β, ξ Aqr
XXV		Saᶜd al-Aḫbiyya	the Lucky [star] of the Burrows or the Tents	Mālik	γ, ζ, π, η Aqr

Lucky Stars, Arab asterism, map and drawing: CC BY Laffitte (2025).

Laffitte (2025) gives a list of 21 asterisms in the area of Aquarius, Capricornus and Pegasus:

native	Romanisation	Translation	Author	Identification
	Saᶜd al-Aḫbiyya	the Lucky [star] oft he Holes	Farġānī	γζμη Aqr
	Saᶜd al-Bahā’im	the Lucky [star] of the Cattle	Qutayba	θν Peg
	al-Bālic	the Lucky [star] of Bulac	Qutayba	νμε Aqr
	Saᶜd al-Bāriᶜ	the Lucky [star] of Bari	Qutayba, A.	λμ Peg
	Saᶜd al-Bihām	the Lucky [star] of the Cattle	Qutayba, A.	θν Peg
	Saᶜd (al-)Bulaᶜ	the Lucky [star] of Bulac	Farġānī	νμε Aqr
	Saᶜd al-Ḏābiḥ	the Lucky [star] of Dhabih (the Sacrificer)	Farġānī	αβ Cap
	Saᶜd al-Ḫiba’	the Lucky [star] of he Tent	Miṣrī	γζμη Aqr
	Saᶜd al-Humām	the Lucky [star] of Humam	Qutayba, A.	ζξ Peg
	Saᶜd al-Madā	the Lucky [star] of he Limit	Mammātī	γζμη Aqr
	Saᶜd al-Malik	the Lucky [star] of Malik	Farġānī	αοAqr
	Saᶜd al-Māniḥ	the Lucky [star] oft he Generous	Ḏ. man.	λμ Peg
	Saᶜd al-Mašāyiḥ	the Lucky [star] oft he Old men	Mammātī	γζμη Aqr
	Saᶜd Maṭar	the Lucky [star] of Matar	Qutayba, A.	ηο Peg
	Saᶜd al-Naᶜam	the Lucky [star] of the Beam	Marrākūšī	ζξ Peg
	Saᶜd al-Nahr	the Lucky [star] of the M. Way	Études, S.	θν Peg
	Saᶜd Nāšira	the Lucky [star] of Nashira	Qutayba, A.	γδ Cap
	Saᶜd al-Nā’ziᶜ	the Lucky [star] of the Impatient	Qazwīnī	λμ Peg
	Saᶜd al-Nuhā	the Lucky [star] the Limit (?)	Ṣūfī	θν Peg
	al-Šāt	the Brebis	Farġānī	ν Cap
	Saᶜd al-Suᶜūd	the Luckiest of the Lucky [stars]	Farġānī	βξ Aqr

Laffitte (2025) also mentions other star names in this band of lunar stations XXII- XXV

Ibn Qutayba mentions in the southern band of Station XXV stars named al-Sullam, "the Steps of the Staircase", specifically under Station XXV. It is sometimes spelled al-ᶜĀna, "the Herd of Wild Donkeys", which can be identified with the group ι PsA γλμ1-2δ1-2β Gru. It seems reasonable to locate them in the southern figures. It was considered useful to transfer it to the Southern Figures.

He also mentions the constellation al-Ḫāṭib in Pegasus and al-Muḥibbān in Capricornus as alternative names for some of the Lucky Stars.

IAU Working Group on Star Names

Many star names from the group have become common in Europe and modern astrophysics. The IAU WGSN adopted the following ones in the IAU-CSN:

• Sadachbia,
• Sadalbari
• Sadalmelik,
• Sadalsuud

Reference

• References (general)
• References (early modern)