Inka (All Terms): Difference between revisions

From All Skies Encyclopaedia
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Line 11: Line 11:
!English
!English
!Note
!Note
!Source
|-
|-
|Santissima Cruz
|Santissima Cruz
Line 18: Line 17:
|“The Sacred Cross”
|“The Sacred Cross”
|  α, β, δ, π, and σ Scorpii
|  α, β, δ, π, and σ Scorpii
|
|-
|-
|Amaru
|Amaru
Line 25: Line 23:
|“The Serpent”
|“The Serpent”
|Scorpius
|Scorpius
|
|-
|-
|Llamacñawin
|Llamacñawin
Line 32: Line 29:
|“The Eyes of the Llama”
|“The Eyes of the Llama”
|α and β Centauri
|α and β Centauri
|
|-
|-
|Huchuy Cruz
|Huchuy Cruz
Line 39: Line 35:
|“The Small Cross”
|“The Small Cross”
|The Southern Cross
|The Southern Cross
|
|-
|-
|Hatun Cruz
|Hatun Cruz
Line 47: Line 42:
|(a) Rigel, Sirius, Procyon, and Betelgeuse
|(a) Rigel, Sirius, Procyon, and Betelgeuse
(b) Procyon, Castor, η and μ Gemini
(b) Procyon, Castor, η and μ Gemini
|
|-
|-
|Qollca
|Qollca
Line 57: Line 51:


(c) The tail of Scorpius (η, θ, ι, κ, λ, and υ Scorpii)
(c) The tail of Scorpius (η, θ, ι, κ, λ, and υ Scorpii)
|
|-
|-
|Onqoy
|Onqoy
Line 63: Line 56:
|
|
|"Desease", an alternative name for Qollca
|"Desease", an alternative name for Qollca
|
|
|
|-
|-
Line 72: Line 64:
|(1) Orion’s Belt
|(1) Orion’s Belt
(2) ε, δ, and η Canis Major
(2) ε, δ, and η Canis Major
|
|-
|-
|Pachapacariq Chaska
|Pachapacariq Chaska
Line 80: Line 71:
|(1) Canopus
|(1) Canopus
(2) Altair
(2) Altair
|
|-
|-
|Urquchillay
|Urquchillay
Line 87: Line 77:
|“Llama of Many Colors”
|“Llama of Many Colors”
|Lyra
|Lyra
|
|-
|-
|Qatachillay
|Qatachillay
Line 94: Line 83:
|“Female Llama with Lamb”
|“Female Llama with Lamb”
|Altair and Deneb
|Altair and Deneb
|
|-
|-
|Chasca Cuyllor
|Chasca Cuyllor
Line 101: Line 89:
|“Morning Star” “Evening Star”
|“Morning Star” “Evening Star”
|Venus
|Venus
|
|-
|-
|Mach`aqway
|Mach`aqway
Line 108: Line 95:
|the Serpent
|the Serpent
|a dark constellation
|a dark constellation
|
|-
|-
|Chaska Waraqa Mach`aqway
|Chaska Waraqa Mach`aqway
Line 115: Line 101:
|the flame in the eyes of llamaqñawin
|the flame in the eyes of llamaqñawin
|α and β Centauri
|α and β Centauri
|
|-
|-
|Hanp’atu
|Hanp’atu
Line 122: Line 107:
|The Toad
|The Toad
|a dark constellation
|a dark constellation
|
|-
|-
|Yuthu
|Yuthu
Line 131: Line 115:
(2) dark spot outlined by the tail of Sco
(2) dark spot outlined by the tail of Sco
(3) dark spot near Scutum
(3) dark spot near Scutum
|
|-
|-
|Yaqana
|Yaqana
Line 138: Line 121:
|The Llama
|The Llama
|a dark constellation
|a dark constellation
|
|-
|-
|Uñallamacha
|Uñallamacha
Line 145: Line 127:
|The Baby Llama
|The Baby Llama
|a dark constellation
|a dark constellation
|
|-
|-
|Atoq
|Atoq
Line 152: Line 133:
|The Fox
|The Fox
|a dark constellation
|a dark constellation
|
|-
|-
|Michij runa
|Michij runa
Line 159: Line 139:
|a shepherd
|a shepherd
|a dark constellation
|a dark constellation
|
|-
|-
|Chuquichinchay
|Chuquichinchay
Line 166: Line 145:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Choquechinchay
|Choquechinchay
Line 173: Line 151:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Mayu
|Mayu
Line 180: Line 157:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Quntur
|Quntur
Line 187: Line 163:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Suyuntu and Huaman
|Suyuntu and Huaman
Line 194: Line 169:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Orqorara and Ranch
|Orqorara and Ranch
Line 201: Line 175:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Foot
|Foot
Line 208: Line 181:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Ch`aska Punchu
|Ch`aska Punchu
Line 215: Line 187:
|Poncho of the Stars
|Poncho of the Stars
|the seven bright stars of Orion
|the seven bright stars of Orion
|
|-
|-
|Chaqana
|Chaqana
Line 222: Line 193:
|
|
|Southern Cross
|Southern Cross
|
|-
|-
|Chaska
|Chaska
Line 229: Line 199:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Aquayoq and Catuilla
|Aquayoq and Catuilla
Line 236: Line 205:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Chuchuqoyllor
|Chuchuqoyllor
Line 243: Line 211:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Mallki
|Mallki
Line 250: Line 217:
|
|
|in Aries
|in Aries
|
|-
|-
|Kotu Sankha
|Kotu Sankha
Line 257: Line 223:
|
|
|Hyades + Aldebaran
|Hyades + Aldebaran
|
|-
|-
|Puma Yoke
|Puma Yoke
Line 264: Line 229:
|
|
|in Gemini
|in Gemini
|
|-
|-
|Flagstone Hayquna
|Flagstone Hayquna
Line 271: Line 235:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Kapuwara Wara
|Kapuwara Wara
Line 278: Line 241:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Ch’aska Waraqa
|Ch’aska Waraqa
Line 285: Line 247:
|
|
|stars in the tail of Scorpius
|stars in the tail of Scorpius
|
|-
|-
|Laja Haykuna
|Laja Haykuna
Line 292: Line 253:
|
|
|in Argo
|in Argo
|
|-
|-
|Yaqumama
|Yaqumama
Line 299: Line 259:
|
|
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Qosqo and Qurawasi
|Qosqo and Qurawasi
Line 306: Line 265:
|Crossover Stars
|Crossover Stars
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Ch`askamayu
|Ch`askamayu
Line 313: Line 271:
|
|
|Milky Way
|Milky Way
|
|-
|-
|Orqorara
|Orqorara
Line 320: Line 277:
|three stars all the same
|three stars all the same
|"Three Marias", Orion's Belt
|"Three Marias", Orion's Belt
|
|-
|-
|Quntur
|Quntur
⚫
|Quechua
|
|
|
|condor
|condor
|Mintaka
|Mintaka
⚫
|Quechua
|-
|-
|Suyuntuy
|Suyuntuy
⚫
|Quechua
|
|
|
|
|
|Alnilam
|Alnilam
⚫
|Quechua
|-
|-
|Huaman
|Huaman
⚫
|Quechua
|
|
|
|
|
|Alnitak
|Alnitak
⚫
|Quechua
|-
|-
|Ch`aka Tinkucheq
|Ch`aka Tinkucheq
Line 348: Line 301:
|
|
|Orion's Belt+ Betelgeuse and Rigel
|Orion's Belt+ Betelgeuse and Rigel
|
|-
|-
|Saramanqa
|Saramanqa
Line 355: Line 307:
|pot of maiz (corn)
|pot of maiz (corn)
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Qoqamanqa
|Qoqamanqa
Line 362: Line 313:
|pot of coca
|pot of coca
|a constellation
|a constellation
|
|-
|-
|Alto pina ch'aska
|Alto pina ch'aska
Line 369: Line 319:
|" star which is already high" [i.e., in the zenith]
|" star which is already high" [i.e., in the zenith]
|A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
|A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
|
|-
|-
|Boleadora
|Boleadora
Line 376: Line 325:
|a lasso with three balls at the end; also a "thief'
|a lasso with three balls at the end; also a "thief'
|Shooting stars
|Shooting stars
|
|-
|-
|Ch'aska plata
|Ch'aska plata
Line 383: Line 331:
|" silver star"
|" silver star"
|Shooting stars
|Shooting stars
|
|-
|-
|Ch'issin ch'aska
|Ch'issin ch'aska
Line 390: Line 337:
|"evening star"
|"evening star"
|1st and 2nd magnitude stars and a planet
|1st and 2nd magnitude stars and a planet
|
|-
|-
|Coscotoca ch'aska
|Coscotoca ch'aska
Line 397: Line 343:
|"star of the two equal parts"
|"star of the two equal parts"
|A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
|A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
|
|-
|-
|Hatun Coyllur
|Hatun Coyllur
Line 404: Line 349:
|"large star"
|"large star"
|Sirius
|Sirius
|
|-
|-
|lllarimi ch 'aska
|lllarimi ch 'aska
Line 411: Line 355:
|"dawn star"
|"dawn star"
|any 1st or 2nd mag star or planet at dawn
|any 1st or 2nd mag star or planet at dawn
|
|-
|-
|Locero
|Locero
Line 418: Line 361:
|moning star, Venus
|moning star, Venus
|In Yucay, one infonnant talked of pachaypaqa locero ("dawn morning star"); an informant in Lucre called both the morning and evening stars "locero."
|In Yucay, one infonnant talked of pachaypaqa locero ("dawn morning star"); an informant in Lucre called both the morning and evening stars "locero."
|
|-
|-
|Pachapacariq ch'aska
|Pachapacariq ch'aska
Line 425: Line 367:
|"dawn of the earth"
|"dawn of the earth"
|One Sonqo informant rereferred to pachai/larimi ch'aska ("dawn of the earth star"); it might be any bright object ...
|One Sonqo informant rereferred to pachai/larimi ch'aska ("dawn of the earth star"); it might be any bright object ...
|
|-
|-
|Torito
|Torito
Line 432: Line 373:
|" little bull"
|" little bull"
|A star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight; torito is also the name of the " rhinoceros beetle" (Dynastinae)
|A star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight; torito is also the name of the " rhinoceros beetle" (Dynastinae)
|
|-
|-
|Amaru contor
|Amaru contor
Line 439: Line 379:
|the serpent changing to the condor
|the serpent changing to the condor
|Scorpius
|Scorpius
|
|-
|-
|Arado
|Arado
Line 446: Line 385:
|plough
|plough
|Scorpius
|Scorpius
|
|-
|-
|Boca de Sapo
|Boca de Sapo
Line 453: Line 391:
|"mouth of the toad"
|"mouth of the toad"
|Hyades
|Hyades
|
|-
|-
|Cabanuelas
|Cabanuelas
Line 460: Line 397:
|"small hut, cottage"
|"small hut, cottage"
|Pleiades (?)
|Pleiades (?)
|
|-
|-
|Calvario Cruz
|Calvario Cruz
Line 470: Line 406:
(c) Procyon, Castor, Belt of Orion, 13 T auri
(c) Procyon, Castor, Belt of Orion, 13 T auri
(d) Belt of Orion, T Orionis, and Rigel
(d) Belt of Orion, T Orionis, and Rigel
|
|-
|-
|Contor
|Contor
Line 485: Line 420:


(c) a dark spot, perhaps in the area of Scorpius
(c) a dark spot, perhaps in the area of Scorpius
|
|-
|-
|Chakana
|Chakana
Line 493: Line 427:
|(a) Belt of Orion
|(a) Belt of Orion
(b) Chacanuay = 8, e, 71 Canis Majoris
(b) Chacanuay = 8, e, 71 Canis Majoris
|
|-
|-
|Choquechinchay
|Choquechinchay
Line 500: Line 433:
|"golden cat"
|"golden cat"
|Tail of Scorpio (or dark spot inside tail?)
|Tail of Scorpio (or dark spot inside tail?)
|
|-
|-
|Khaswa Coyllur
|Khaswa Coyllur
Line 508: Line 440:
|(a) γ, o, κ, λ Vela
|(a) γ, o, κ, λ Vela
(b) Corona Borealis (?)
(b) Corona Borealis (?)
|
|-
|-
|Llama Cancha
|Llama Cancha
Line 514: Line 445:
|
|
|"Llama corral"
|"Llama corral"
|
|
|
|-
|-
Line 522: Line 452:
|Linun = Lat. lignum; "wooden cross" or "the crucifixion cross"
|Linun = Lat. lignum; "wooden cross" or "the crucifixion cross"
|head of Scorpius
|head of Scorpius
|
|-
|-
|Mamana micuc
|Mamana micuc
Line 529: Line 458:
|"(the one who) eats his mother"
|"(the one who) eats his mother"
|ξ, π, σ, ν, τ Puppis
|ξ, π, σ, ν, τ Puppis
|
|-
|-
|Ñawin Cristo
|Ñawin Cristo
Line 536: Line 464:
|"the eyes of Christ"
|"the eyes of Christ"
|α and β Centauri
|α and β Centauri
|
|-
|-
|Papa Dios Cruz
|Papa Dios Cruz
Line 543: Line 470:
|"the cross of God the father"
|"the cross of God the father"
|head of Scorpius
|head of Scorpius
|
|-
|-
|Passon Cruz
|Passon Cruz
Line 549: Line 475:
|
|
|the cross of the Passion
|the cross of the Passion
|
|
|
|-
|-
Line 557: Line 482:
|the five storehouses
|the five storehouses
|between Orion and the Hyades
|between Orion and the Hyades
|
|-
|-
|Pisqa Coyllur
|Pisqa Coyllur
Line 564: Line 488:
|the five star(s)
|the five star(s)
|Hyades
|Hyades
|
|-
|-
|Qutu
|Qutu
Line 571: Line 494:
|pile
|pile
|Pleiades
|Pleiades
|
|-
|-
|Sonaja
|Sonaja
Line 578: Line 500:
|tambourine, rattle
|tambourine, rattle
|Corona Borealis
|Corona Borealis
|
|-
|-
|Yutucruz
|Yutucruz
Line 585: Line 506:
|"tinamou cross"
|"tinamou cross"
|Southern Cross
|Southern Cross
|
|-
|-
|Hatun llamaytoq
|Hatun llamaytoq
Line 592: Line 512:
|the great large llama
|the great large llama
|a dark streak between the coal-sack and eps Sco
|a dark streak between the coal-sack and eps Sco
|
|-
|-
|K 'olli
|K 'olli
Line 599: Line 518:
|?
|?
|unidentified small dark spot
|unidentified small dark spot
|
|-
|-
|Llama
|Llama
Line 606: Line 524:
|llama
|llama
|Large dark streak between the Coalsack and ε Scorpii
|Large dark streak between the Coalsack and ε Scorpii
|
|-
|-
|Ombligo de la llama
|Ombligo de la llama
Line 613: Line 530:
|umbilicus of the llama
|umbilicus of the llama
|narrow, curving dark streak from alf Cen south and curving up to tet Sco
|narrow, curving dark streak from alf Cen south and curving up to tet Sco
|
|-
|-
|Sullu ullucu
|Sullu ullucu
Line 619: Line 535:
|
|
|aborted ullucu
|aborted ullucu
|
|
|
|-
|-
Line 627: Line 542:
|dove
|dove
|coalsack
|coalsack
|
|-
|-
|Yutu
|Yutu
Line 633: Line 547:
|
|
|tinamou
|tinamou
|
|
|
|-
|-
Line 641: Line 554:
|Mother Rosary
|Mother Rosary
|unidentified bright nebulosity in the Milky Way
|unidentified bright nebulosity in the Milky Way
|
|-
|-
|Posuqu
|Posuqu
Line 648: Line 560:
|foam
|foam
|bright stellar clouds in the southern Milky Way
|bright stellar clouds in the southern Milky Way
|
|-
|-
|Chacra
|Chacra
|
|
|
|
|

Revision as of 06:16, 17 May 2025

Inka are peoples in the Americas. This compilation of terms and their spelling variants was compiled by Steven R. Gullberg and Susanne M Hoffmann based on the following literature:

  1. Gary Urton (1981). At the Crossroads of the Earth and Sky: An Andean Cosmology (University of Texas Press)
  2. Steven R. Gullberg (2020). Astronomy of the Inca Empire: Use and Significance of the Sun and the Night Sky (Springer)
  3. Steven R Gullberg and Milton Rojas (2024). Inca Cosmovision: The Astronomical Legacy of an Andean Empire (Springer)
Original Language of Origin Pronounce English Note
Santissima Cruz Spanish “The Sacred Cross”   α, β, δ, π, and σ Scorpii
Amaru “The Serpent” Scorpius
Llamacñawin “The Eyes of the Llama” α and β Centauri
Huchuy Cruz Qechua & Spanish “The Small Cross” The Southern Cross
Hatun Cruz “The Great Cross” (a) Rigel, Sirius, Procyon, and Betelgeuse

(b) Procyon, Castor, η and μ Gemini

Qollca Collca “The Storehouse” (a) The Pleiades (also Qutu, The Pile)

(b) The Hyades (also Pisqacollca, The Five Storehouses)

(c) The tail of Scorpius (η, θ, ι, κ, λ, and υ Scorpii)

Onqoy "Desease", an alternative name for Qollca
Chakana “The Bridge” (1) Orion’s Belt

(2) ε, δ, and η Canis Major

Pachapacariq Chaska “The Venus of the Western Suyu” (1) Canopus

(2) Altair

Urquchillay Urcuchillay “Llama of Many Colors” Lyra
Qatachillay Catachillay “Female Llama with Lamb” Altair and Deneb
Chasca Cuyllor “Morning Star” “Evening Star” Venus
Mach`aqway Machacuay the Serpent a dark constellation
Chaska Waraqa Mach`aqway the flame in the eyes of llamaqñawin α and β Centauri
Hanp’atu The Toad a dark constellation
Yuthu Yutu The Tinamou (1) Coalsack, SE of Southern Cross

(2) dark spot outlined by the tail of Sco (3) dark spot near Scutum

Yaqana Yacana The Llama a dark constellation
Uñallamacha The Baby Llama a dark constellation
Atoq The Fox a dark constellation
Michij runa a shepherd a dark constellation
Chuquichinchay a constellation
Choquechinchay a constellation
Mayu a constellation
Quntur a constellation
Suyuntu and Huaman a constellation
Orqorara and Ranch a constellation
Foot a constellation
Ch`aska Punchu Chasqa Punchu Poncho of the Stars the seven bright stars of Orion
Chaqana Ch`akana Southern Cross
Chaska a constellation
Aquayoq and Catuilla a constellation
Chuchuqoyllor a constellation
Mallki in Aries
Kotu Sankha Hyades + Aldebaran
Puma Yoke in Gemini
Flagstone Hayquna a constellation
Kapuwara Wara a constellation
Ch’aska Waraqa stars in the tail of Scorpius
Laja Haykuna in Argo
Yaqumama a constellation
Qosqo and Qurawasi Crossover Stars a constellation
Ch`askamayu Milky Way
Orqorara three stars all the same "Three Marias", Orion's Belt
Quntur Quechua condor Mintaka
Suyuntuy Quechua Alnilam
Huaman Quechua Alnitak
Ch`aka Tinkucheq Orion's Belt+ Betelgeuse and Rigel
Saramanqa pot of maiz (corn) a constellation
Qoqamanqa pot of coca a constellation
Alto pina ch'aska " star which is already high" [i.e., in the zenith] A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
Boleadora a lasso with three balls at the end; also a "thief' Shooting stars
Ch'aska plata " silver star" Shooting stars
Ch'issin ch'aska "evening star" 1st and 2nd magnitude stars and a planet
Coscotoca ch'aska "star of the two equal parts" A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
Hatun Coyllur "large star" Sirius
lllarimi ch 'aska "dawn star" any 1st or 2nd mag star or planet at dawn
Locero moning star, Venus In Yucay, one infonnant talked of pachaypaqa locero ("dawn morning star"); an informant in Lucre called both the morning and evening stars "locero."
Pachapacariq ch'aska "dawn of the earth" One Sonqo informant rereferred to pachai/larimi ch'aska ("dawn of the earth star"); it might be any bright object ...
Torito Spanish " little bull" A star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight; torito is also the name of the " rhinoceros beetle" (Dynastinae)
Amaru contor the serpent changing to the condor Scorpius
Arado Spanish plough Scorpius
Boca de Sapo Spanish "mouth of the toad" Hyades
Cabanuelas "small hut, cottage" Pleiades (?)
Calvario Cruz Spanish the cross of Calvary (a) head of Scorpio

(b) Betelgeuse, Rigel, Sirius, and Procyon (c) Procyon, Castor, Belt of Orion, 13 T auri (d) Belt of Orion, T Orionis, and Rigel

Contor condor (a) head of Scorpius

(b) in CMa

  • head = 8, e, n Canis Majoris,
  • wing = a, 13, y Pyxidis
  • wing = a Monocerotis
  • tail = a Hydrae

(c) a dark spot, perhaps in the area of Scorpius

Chakana "bridge, stair" (a) Belt of Orion

(b) Chacanuay = 8, e, 71 Canis Majoris

Choquechinchay "golden cat" Tail of Scorpio (or dark spot inside tail?)
Khaswa Coyllur "circle dance star(s)" (a) γ, o, κ, λ Vela

(b) Corona Borealis (?)

Llama Cancha "Llama corral"
Linun Cruz Spanish Linun = Lat. lignum; "wooden cross" or "the crucifixion cross" head of Scorpius
Mamana micuc "(the one who) eats his mother" ξ, π, σ, ν, τ Puppis
Ñawin Cristo "the eyes of Christ" α and β Centauri
Papa Dios Cruz Spanish "the cross of God the father" head of Scorpius
Passon Cruz Spanish the cross of the Passion
Pisqa Collea the five storehouses between Orion and the Hyades
Pisqa Coyllur the five star(s) Hyades
Qutu pile Pleiades
Sonaja tambourine, rattle Corona Borealis
Yutucruz Qechua-Spanish "tinamou cross" Southern Cross
Hatun llamaytoq the great large llama a dark streak between the coal-sack and eps Sco
K 'olli ? unidentified small dark spot
Llama llama Large dark streak between the Coalsack and ε Scorpii
Ombligo de la llama umbilicus of the llama narrow, curving dark streak from alf Cen south and curving up to tet Sco
Sullu ullucu aborted ullucu
Urpi dove coalsack
Yutu tinamou
Mama Rosario Spanish Mother Rosary unidentified bright nebulosity in the Milky Way
Posuqu foam bright stellar clouds in the southern Milky Way
Chacra

References

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