Inka (All Terms): Difference between revisions

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!Note
!Note
|-
|-
|Alto pina ch'aska
|Santissima Cruz
|Spanish
|
|
|
|“The Sacred Cross”
|" star which is already high" [i.e., in the zenith]
|  α, β, δ, π, and σ Scorpii
|A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
|-
|-
|Amaru
|Amaru
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|Scorpius
|Scorpius
|-
|-
|Amaru contor
|Llamacñawin
|
|
|
|
|“The Eyes of the Llama”
|the serpent changing to the condor
|Scorpius
|α and β Centauri
|-
|-
|Aquayoq and Catuilla
|Huchuy Cruz
|Qechua & Spanish
|
|
|“The Small Cross”
|The Southern Cross
|-
|Hatun Cruz
|
|
|
|
|a constellation
|“The Great Cross”
|(a) Rigel, Sirius, Procyon, and Betelgeuse
(b) Procyon, Castor, η and μ Gemini
|-
|-
|Arado
|Qollca
|Spanish
|
|
|plough
|Collca
|Scorpius
|“The Storehouse”
|(a) The Pleiades (also Qutu, The Pile)
(b) The Hyades (also Pisqacollca, The Five Storehouses)

(c) The tail of Scorpius (η, θ, ι, κ, λ, and υ Scorpii)
|-
|-
|Atoq
|Onqoy
|
|
|
|
|The Fox
|"Desease", an alternative name for Qollca
|a dark constellation
|-
|Boca de Sapo
|Spanish
|
|
|"mouth of the toad"
|Hyades
|-
|-
|Boleadora
|Chakana
|
|
|
|
|a lasso with three balls at the end; also a "thief'
|“The Bridge”
|Shooting stars
|(1) Orion’s Belt
(2) ε, δ, and η Canis Major
|-
|-
|Cabanuelas
|Pachapacariq Chaska
|
|
|
|
|"small hut, cottage"
|“The Venus of the Western Suyu”
|Pleiades (?)
|(1) Canopus
(2) Altair
|-
|-
|Calvario Cruz
|Urquchillay
|Spanish
|
|
|the cross of Calvary
|Urcuchillay
|(a) head of Scorpius
|“Llama of Many Colors”
|Lyra
|-
|-
|Calvario Cruz
|Qatachillay
|Spanish
|
|
|the cross of Calvary
|Catachillay
|(b) Betelgeuse, Rigel, Sirius, and Procyon (c) Procyon, Castor, Belt of Orion, 13 T auri (d) Belt of Orion, T Orionis, and Rigel
|“Female Llama with Lamb”
|Altair and Deneb
|-
|-
|Ch`aka Tinkucheq
|Chasca Cuyllor
|
|
|
|
|“Morning Star” “Evening Star”
|Venus
|-
|Mach`aqway
|
|
|Orion's Belt+ Betelgeuse and Rigel
|Machacuay
|the Serpent
|a dark constellation
|-
|-
|Ch`aska Punchu
|Chaska Waraqa Mach`aqway
|
|
|Chasqa Punchu
|
|Poncho of the Stars
|the flame in the eyes of llamaqñawin
|the seven bright stars of Orion
|α and β Centauri
|-
|-
|Ch`askamayu
|Hanp’atu
|
|
|
|
|The Toad
|a dark constellation
|-
|Yuthu
|
|
|Milky Way
|Yutu
|The Tinamou
|(1) Coalsack, SE of Southern Cross
(2) dark spot outlined by the tail of Sco
(3) dark spot near Scutum
|-
|-
|Ch’aska Waraqa
|Yaqana
|
|
|Yacana
|The Llama
|a dark constellation
|-
|Uñallamacha
|
|
|
|
|stars in the tail of Scorpius
|The Baby Llama
|a dark constellation
|-
|-
|Chacra
|Atoq
|
|
|
|
|The Fox
|a dark constellation
|-
|Michij runa
|
|
|
|
|a shepherd
|a dark constellation
|-
|-
|Chakana
|Chuquichinchay
|
|
|
|
|“The Bridge” or "Stars"
|
|(1) Orion’s Belt
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Chakana
|Mayu
|
|
|
|
|“The Bridge”
|
|(2) ε, δ, and η Canis Major
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Chaqana
|Quntur
|
|
|Ch`akana
|
|
|Southern Cross
|
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Chasca Cuyllor
|Suyuntu and Huaman
|
|
|
|
|“Morning Star” “Evening Star”
|
|Venus
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Chaska
|Orqorara and Ranch
|
|
|
|
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|a constellation
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Ch'aska plata
|Foot
|
|
|
|
|" silver star"
|
|Shooting stars
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Chaska Waraqa Mach`aqway
|Ch`aska Punchu
|
|
|
|Chasqa Punchu
|the flame in the eyes of llamaqñawin
|Poncho of the Stars
|α and β Centauri
|the seven bright stars of Orion
|-
|-
|Ch'issin ch'aska
|Chaqana
|
|
|Ch`akana
|
|
|"evening star"
|Southern Cross
|1st and 2nd magnitude stars and a planet
|-
|-
|Choquechinchay
|Chaska
|
|
|
|
|"golden cat"
|
|Tail of Scorpio (or dark spot inside tail?)
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Chuchuqoyllor
|Aquayoq and Catuilla
|
|
|
|
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|a constellation
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Chuquichinchay
|Chuchuqoyllor
|
|
|
|
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|a constellation
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Contor
|Mallki
|
|
|
|
|condor
|
|(a) head of Scorpius
|in Aries
|-
|-
|Contor
|Kotu Sankha
|
|
|
|
|condor
|
|(b) in CMa
|Hyades + Aldebaran
|-
|-
|Contor
|Puma Yoke
|
|
|
|
|condor
|
|head = 8, e, n Canis Majoris,
|in Gemini
|-
|-
|Contor
|Flagstone Hayquna
|
|
|
|
|condor
|
|wing = a, 13, y Pyxidis
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Contor
|Kapuwara Wara
|
|
|
|
|condor
|
|wing = a Monocerotis
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Contor
|Ch’aska Waraqa
|
|
|
|
|condor
|
|tail = a Hydrae
|stars in the tail of Scorpius
|-
|-
|Contor
|Laja Haykuna
|
|
|
|
|condor
|(c) a dark spot, perhaps in the area of Scorpius
|-
|Coscotoca ch'aska
|
|
|
|in Argo
|"star of the two equal parts"
|A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
|-
|-
|Flagstone Hayquna
|Yaqumama
|
|
|
|
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|a constellation
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Foot
|Qosqo and Qurawasi
|
|
|
|
|
|Crossover Stars
|a constellation
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Hanp’atu
|Ch`askamayu
|
|
|
|
|The Toad
|a dark constellation
|-
|Hatun Coyllur
|
|
|
|Milky Way
|"large star"
|Sirius
|-
|-
|Hatun Cruz
|Orqorara
|
|
|
|
|“The Great Cross”
|three stars all the same
|(a) Rigel, Sirius, Procyon, and Betelgeuse
|"Three Marias", Orion's Belt
|-
|-
|Hatun Cruz
|Quntur
|Quechua
|
|
|
|condor
|“The Great Cross”
|Mintaka
|(b) Procyon, Castor, η and μ Gemini
|-
|-
|Hatun llamaytoq
|Suyuntuy
|Quechua
|
|
|
|
|the great large llama
|Alnilam
|a dark streak between the coal-sack and eps Sco
|-
|-
|Huaman
|Huaman
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|Alnitak
|Alnitak
|-
|-
|Huchuy Cruz
|Ch`aka Tinkucheq
|Qechua & Spanish
|
|
|“The Small Cross”
|The Southern Cross
|-
|K 'olli
|
|
|
|
|?
|Orion's Belt+ Betelgeuse and Rigel
|unidentified small dark spot
|-
|-
|Kapuwara Wara
|Saramanqa
|
|
|
|
|
|pot of maiz (corn)
|a constellation
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Khaswa Coyllur
|Qoqamanqa
|
|
|
|
|"circle dance star(s)"
|pot of coca
|(a) γ, o, κ, λ Vela
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Khaswa Coyllur
|Alto pina ch'aska
|
|
|
|
|"circle dance star(s)"
|" star which is already high" [i.e., in the zenith]
|(b) Corona Borealis (?)
|A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
|-
|-
|Kotu Sankha
|Boleadora
|
|
|
|
|
|a lasso with three balls at the end; also a "thief'
|Hyades + Aldebaran
|Shooting stars
|-
|-
|Laja Haykuna
|Ch'aska plata
|
|
|
|
|
|" silver star"
|in Argo
|Shooting stars
|-
|-
|Linun Cruz
|Ch'issin ch'aska
|Spanish
|
|
|Linun = Lat. lignum; "wooden cross" or "the crucifixion cross"
|head of Scorpius
|-
|Llama
|
|
|
|"evening star"
|llama
|1st and 2nd magnitude stars and a planet
|Large dark streak between the Coalsack and ε Scorpii
|-
|-
|Llama Cancha
|Coscotoca ch'aska
|
|
|
|
|"Llama corral"
|"star of the two equal parts"
|
|A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
|-
|-
|Llamacñawin
|Hatun Coyllur
|
|
|
|
|“The Eyes of the Llama”
|"large star"
|α and β Centauri
|Sirius
|-
|-
|lllarimi ch 'aska
|lllarimi ch 'aska
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|
|
|"dawn star"
|"dawn star"
|any 1st or 2nd mag star or planet at dawn
|any 1st or 2nd mag star or planet at dawn
|-
|-
|Locero
|Locero
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|
|
|moning star, Venus
|moning star, Venus
|In Yucay, one infonnant talked of pachaypaqa locero ("dawn morning star"); an informant in Lucre called both the morning and evening stars "locero."
|In Yucay, one infonnant talked of pachaypaqa locero ("dawn morning star"); an informant in Lucre called both the morning and evening stars "locero."
|-
|-
|Mach`aqway
|Pachapacariq ch'aska
|
|
|Machacuay
|
|"dawn of the earth"
|the Serpent
|a dark constellation
|One Sonqo informant rereferred to pachai/larimi ch'aska ("dawn of the earth star"); it might be any bright object ...
|-
|-
|Mallki
|Torito
|Spanish
|
|
|" little bull"
|A star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight; torito is also the name of the " rhinoceros beetle" (Dynastinae)
|-
|Amaru contor
|
|
|
|
|in Aries
|the serpent changing to the condor
|Scorpius
|-
|-
|Mama Rosario
|Arado
|Spanish
|Spanish
|
|
|Mother Rosary
|plough
|unidentified bright nebulosity in the Milky Way
|Scorpius
|-
|-
|Mamana micuc
|Boca de Sapo
|Spanish
|
|
|
|"mouth of the toad"
|"(the one who) eats his mother"
|Hyades
|ξ, π, σ, ν, τ Puppis
|-
|-
|Mayu
|Cabanuelas
|
|
|
|
|
|"small hut, cottage"
|a constellation
|Pleiades (?)
|-
|-
|Michij runa
|Calvario Cruz
|
|Spanish
|
|
|a shepherd
|the cross of Calvary
|a dark constellation
|(a) head of Scorpio
(b) Betelgeuse, Rigel, Sirius, and Procyon
(c) Procyon, Castor, Belt of Orion, 13 T auri
(d) Belt of Orion, T Orionis, and Rigel
|-
|-
|Ñawin Cristo
|Contor
|
|
|
|
|"the eyes of Christ"
|condor
|α and β Centauri
|(a) head of Scorpius
(b) in CMa

* head = 8, e, n Canis Majoris,
* wing = a, 13, y Pyxidis
* wing = a Monocerotis
* tail = a Hydrae

(c) a dark spot, perhaps in the area of Scorpius
|-
|-
|Ombligo de la llama
|Chakana
|
|
|
|
|umbilicus of the llama
|"bridge, stair"
|narrow, curving dark streak from alf Cen south and curving up to tet Sco
|(a) Belt of Orion
(b) Chacanuay = 8, e, 71 Canis Majoris
|-
|-
|Onqoy
|Choquechinchay
|
|
|
|
|"Desease", an alternative name for Qollca
|"golden cat"
|
|Tail of Scorpio (or dark spot inside tail?)
|-
|-
|Orqorara
|Khaswa Coyllur
|
|
|
|
|three stars all the same
|"circle dance star(s)"
|"Three Marias", Orion's Belt
|(a) γ, o, κ, λ Vela
(b) Corona Borealis (?)
|-
|-
|Orqorara and Ranch
|Llama Cancha
|
|
|
|
|"Llama corral"
|
|
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Pachapacariq Chaska
|Linun Cruz
|Spanish
|
|
|
|Linun = Lat. lignum; "wooden cross" or "the crucifixion cross"
|“The Venus of the Western Suyu”
|head of Scorpius
|(1) Canopus
|-
|-
|Pachapacariq Chaska
|Mamana micuc
|
|
|
|
|“The Venus of the Western Suyu”
|"(the one who) eats his mother"
|(2) Altair
|ξ, π, σ, ν, τ Puppis
|-
|-
|Pachapacariq ch'aska
|Ñawin Cristo
|
|
|
|
|"the eyes of Christ"
|"dawn of the earth"
|One Sonqo informant rereferred to pachai/larimi ch'aska ("dawn of the earth star"); it might be any bright object ...
|α and β Centauri
|-
|-
|Papa Dios Cruz
|Papa Dios Cruz
Line 482: Line 455:
|the five star(s)
|the five star(s)
|Hyades
|Hyades
|-
|Posuqu
|
|
|foam
|bright stellar clouds in the southern Milky Way
|-
|Puma Yoke
|
|
|
|in Gemini
|-
|Qatachillay
|
|Catachillay
|“Female Llama with Lamb”
|Altair and Deneb
|-
|Qollca
|
|Collca
|“The Storehouse”
|(a) The Pleiades (also Qutu, The Pile)
|-
|Qollca
|
|Collca
|“The Storehouse”
|(b) The Hyades (also Pisqacollca, The Five Storehouses)
|-
|Qollca
|
|Collca
|“The Storehouse”
|(c) The tail of Scorpius (η, θ, ι, κ, λ, and υ Scorpii)
|-
|Qoqamanqa
|
|
|pot of coca
|a constellation
|-
|Qosqo and Qurawasi
|
|
|Crossover Stars
|a constellation
|-
|Quntur
|Qechua
|
|condor
|Mintaka
|-
|-
|Qutu
|Qutu
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|pile
|pile
|Pleiades
|Pleiades
|-
|Santissima Cruz
|Spanish
|
|“The Sacred Cross”
|  α, β, δ, π, and σ Scorpii
|-
|Saramanqa
|
|
|pot of maiz (corn)
|a constellation
|-
|-
|Sonaja
|Sonaja
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|Corona Borealis
|Corona Borealis
|-
|-
|Sullu ullucu
|Yutucruz
|Qechua-Spanish
|
|
|"tinamou cross"
|Southern Cross
|-
|Hatun llamaytoq
|
|
|aborted ullucu
|
|
|the great large llama
|a dark streak between the coal-sack and eps Sco
|-
|-
|Suyuntu and Huaman
|K 'olli
|
|
|
|
|?
|
|a constellation
|unidentified small dark spot
|-
|-
|Suyuntuy
|Llama
|Qechua
|
|
|
|
|Alnilam
|llama
|Large dark streak between the Coalsack and ε Scorpii
|-
|-
|Torito
|Ombligo de la llama
|Spanish
|
|
|" little bull"
|
|A star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight; torito is also the name of the " rhinoceros beetle" (Dynastinae)
|umbilicus of the llama
|narrow, curving dark streak from alf Cen south and curving up to tet Sco
|-
|-
|Uñallamacha
|Sullu ullucu
|
|
|
|
|The Baby Llama
|aborted ullucu
|a dark constellation
|
|-
|-
|Urpi
|Urpi
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|coalsack
|coalsack
|-
|-
|Urquchillay
|Yutu
|
|
|tinamou
|
|
|Urcuchillay
|“Llama of Many Colors”
|Lyra
|-
|-
|Yaqana
|Mama Rosario
|Spanish
|
|
|Yacana
|Mother Rosary
|The Llama
|unidentified bright nebulosity in the Milky Way
|a dark constellation
|-
|-
|Yaqumama
|Posuqu
|
|
|
|
|
|foam
|a constellation
|bright stellar clouds in the southern Milky Way
|-
|-
|Yuthu
|Chacra
|
|
|
|Yutu
|The Tinamou
|(1) Coalsack, SE of Southern Cross
|-
|Yuthu
|
|
|Yutu
|The Tinamou
|(2) dark spot outlined by the tail of Sco (3) dark spot near Scutum
|-
|Yutucruz
|Qechua-Spanish
|
|
|"tinamou cross"
|Southern Cross
|}
|}


References


[[Category:Overviews]]
[[Category:Overviews]]

Revision as of 06:33, 17 May 2025

Inka are peoples in the Americas. This compilation of terms and their spelling variants was compiled by Steven R. Gullberg and Susanne M Hoffmann based on the following literature:

  1. Gary Urton (1981). At the Crossroads of the Earth and Sky: An Andean Cosmology (University of Texas Press)
  2. Steven R. Gullberg (2020). Astronomy of the Inca Empire: Use and Significance of the Sun and the Night Sky (Springer)
  3. Steven R Gullberg and Milton Rojas (2024). Inca Cosmovision: The Astronomical Legacy of an Andean Empire (Springer)
Original Language of Origin Pronounce English Note
Alto pina ch'aska " star which is already high" [i.e., in the zenith] A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
Amaru “The Serpent” Scorpius
Amaru contor the serpent changing to the condor Scorpius
Aquayoq and Catuilla a constellation
Arado Spanish plough Scorpius
Atoq The Fox a dark constellation
Boca de Sapo Spanish "mouth of the toad" Hyades
Boleadora a lasso with three balls at the end; also a "thief' Shooting stars
Cabanuelas "small hut, cottage" Pleiades (?)
Calvario Cruz Spanish the cross of Calvary (a) head of Scorpius
Calvario Cruz Spanish the cross of Calvary (b) Betelgeuse, Rigel, Sirius, and Procyon (c) Procyon, Castor, Belt of Orion, 13 T auri (d) Belt of Orion, T Orionis, and Rigel
Ch`aka Tinkucheq Orion's Belt+ Betelgeuse and Rigel
Ch`aska Punchu Chasqa Punchu Poncho of the Stars the seven bright stars of Orion
Ch`askamayu Milky Way
Ch’aska Waraqa stars in the tail of Scorpius
Chacra
Chakana “The Bridge” or "Stars" (1) Orion’s Belt
Chakana “The Bridge” (2) ε, δ, and η Canis Major
Chaqana Ch`akana Southern Cross
Chasca Cuyllor “Morning Star” “Evening Star” Venus
Chaska a constellation
Ch'aska plata " silver star" Shooting stars
Chaska Waraqa Mach`aqway the flame in the eyes of llamaqñawin α and β Centauri
Ch'issin ch'aska "evening star" 1st and 2nd magnitude stars and a planet
Choquechinchay "golden cat" Tail of Scorpio (or dark spot inside tail?)
Chuchuqoyllor a constellation
Chuquichinchay a constellation
Contor condor (a) head of Scorpius
Contor condor (b) in CMa
Contor condor head = 8, e, n Canis Majoris,
Contor condor wing = a, 13, y Pyxidis
Contor condor wing = a Monocerotis
Contor condor tail = a Hydrae
Contor condor (c) a dark spot, perhaps in the area of Scorpius
Coscotoca ch'aska "star of the two equal parts" A 1st and 2nd magnitude star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight
Flagstone Hayquna a constellation
Foot a constellation
Hanp’atu The Toad a dark constellation
Hatun Coyllur "large star" Sirius
Hatun Cruz “The Great Cross” (a) Rigel, Sirius, Procyon, and Betelgeuse
Hatun Cruz “The Great Cross” (b) Procyon, Castor, η and μ Gemini
Hatun llamaytoq the great large llama a dark streak between the coal-sack and eps Sco
Huaman Quechua Alnitak
Huchuy Cruz Qechua & Spanish “The Small Cross” The Southern Cross
K 'olli ? unidentified small dark spot
Kapuwara Wara a constellation
Khaswa Coyllur "circle dance star(s)" (a) γ, o, κ, λ Vela
Khaswa Coyllur "circle dance star(s)" (b) Corona Borealis (?)
Kotu Sankha Hyades + Aldebaran
Laja Haykuna in Argo
Linun Cruz Spanish Linun = Lat. lignum; "wooden cross" or "the crucifixion cross" head of Scorpius
Llama llama Large dark streak between the Coalsack and ε Scorpii
Llama Cancha "Llama corral"
Llamacñawin “The Eyes of the Llama” α and β Centauri
lllarimi ch 'aska "dawn star" any 1st or 2nd mag star or planet at dawn
Locero moning star, Venus In Yucay, one infonnant talked of pachaypaqa locero ("dawn morning star"); an informant in Lucre called both the morning and evening stars "locero."
Mach`aqway Machacuay the Serpent a dark constellation
Mallki in Aries
Mama Rosario Spanish Mother Rosary unidentified bright nebulosity in the Milky Way
Mamana micuc "(the one who) eats his mother" ξ, π, σ, ν, τ Puppis
Mayu a constellation
Michij runa a shepherd a dark constellation
Ñawin Cristo "the eyes of Christ" α and β Centauri
Ombligo de la llama umbilicus of the llama narrow, curving dark streak from alf Cen south and curving up to tet Sco
Onqoy "Desease", an alternative name for Qollca
Orqorara three stars all the same "Three Marias", Orion's Belt
Orqorara and Ranch a constellation
Pachapacariq Chaska “The Venus of the Western Suyu” (1) Canopus
Pachapacariq Chaska “The Venus of the Western Suyu” (2) Altair
Pachapacariq ch'aska "dawn of the earth" One Sonqo informant rereferred to pachai/larimi ch'aska ("dawn of the earth star"); it might be any bright object ...
Papa Dios Cruz Spanish "the cross of God the father" head of Scorpius
Passon Cruz Spanish the cross of the Passion
Pisqa Collea the five storehouses between Orion and the Hyades
Pisqa Coyllur the five star(s) Hyades
Posuqu foam bright stellar clouds in the southern Milky Way
Puma Yoke in Gemini
Qatachillay Catachillay “Female Llama with Lamb” Altair and Deneb
Qollca Collca “The Storehouse” (a) The Pleiades (also Qutu, The Pile)
Qollca Collca “The Storehouse” (b) The Hyades (also Pisqacollca, The Five Storehouses)
Qollca Collca “The Storehouse” (c) The tail of Scorpius (η, θ, ι, κ, λ, and υ Scorpii)
Qoqamanqa pot of coca a constellation
Qosqo and Qurawasi Crossover Stars a constellation
Quntur Qechua condor Mintaka
Qutu pile Pleiades
Santissima Cruz Spanish “The Sacred Cross”   α, β, δ, π, and σ Scorpii
Saramanqa pot of maiz (corn) a constellation
Sonaja tambourine, rattle Corona Borealis
Sullu ullucu aborted ullucu
Suyuntu and Huaman a constellation
Suyuntuy Qechua Alnilam
Torito Spanish " little bull" A star or planet in the "zenith" at midnight; torito is also the name of the " rhinoceros beetle" (Dynastinae)
Uñallamacha The Baby Llama a dark constellation
Urpi dove coalsack
Urquchillay Urcuchillay “Llama of Many Colors” Lyra
Yaqana Yacana The Llama a dark constellation
Yaqumama a constellation
Yuthu Yutu The Tinamou (1) Coalsack, SE of Southern Cross
Yuthu Yutu The Tinamou (2) dark spot outlined by the tail of Sco (3) dark spot near Scutum
Yutucruz Qechua-Spanish "tinamou cross" Southern Cross
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