Heng: Difference between revisions
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==Etymology and History== |
==Etymology and History== |
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Heng is a general term for measuring instruments that weigh objects, and it also refers to the graduated arm of a steelyard weighing apparatus. As a verb, it means to weigh, and it is further extended to evaluate certain things or people. As a constellation , 'Heng' is a small one consisting of four stars located within [[Kulou]]. The astrological text ''Jin Shu - Astronomical Treatise'' mentions: "The four small stars in the center (of Kulou) are Heng, which is mainly for deploying troops." Perhaps for this reason, Sun & Kistemaker interprets it as 'a place for drilling and examining soldiers'. However, [[Kulou|Kulou and Zhu]] are both nouns. From this perspective, Heng may also be a noun, and it may originally represent a tool for measuring the weight or quality of weapons. |
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===Identification of stars=== |
===Identification of stars=== |
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Due to the relatively obvious position, sufficient brightness, and relatively regular shape of Heng, it has remained unchanged for two thousand years. |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+Heng |
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!Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing) |
!Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing) |
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!Ho PENG YOKE<ref>P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.</ref> |
!Ho PENG YOKE<ref>P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.</ref> |
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!Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.</ref> |
!Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.</ref> |
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based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map |
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map |
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!Pan Nai<ref>Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.</ref> |
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based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty |
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!SUN X. & J. Kistemaker<ref>Sun Xiaochun. & Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.</ref> |
!SUN X. & J. Kistemaker<ref>Sun Xiaochun. & Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.</ref> |
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Han Dynasty |
Han Dynasty |
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Revision as of 12:12, 5 March 2025
A Chinese constellation within the super-constellation of Kulou (库楼), the Arsenal.
Etymology and History
Heng is a general term for measuring instruments that weigh objects, and it also refers to the graduated arm of a steelyard weighing apparatus. As a verb, it means to weigh, and it is further extended to evaluate certain things or people. As a constellation , 'Heng' is a small one consisting of four stars located within Kulou (库楼). The astrological text Jin Shu - Astronomical Treatise mentions: "The four small stars in the center (of Kulou) are Heng, which is mainly for deploying troops." Perhaps for this reason, Sun & Kistemaker interprets it as 'a place for drilling and examining soldiers'. However, Kulou and Zhu are both nouns. From this perspective, Heng may also be a noun, and it may originally represent a tool for measuring the weight or quality of weapons.
Identification of stars
Due to the relatively obvious position, sufficient brightness, and relatively regular shape of Heng, it has remained unchanged for two thousand years.
| Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing) | Ho PENG YOKE[1] | Yi Shitong[2]
Based on catalogue in 18th century |
Pan Nai[3]
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map |
SUN X. & J. Kistemaker[4]
Han Dynasty |
Boshun Yang[5]
before Tang dynasty |
Boshun Yang[5]
Song Jingyou(1034) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st/determinative | nu Cen | nu Cen | nu Cen | nu Cen | nu Cen | nu Cen |
| 2nd | mu Cen | mu Cen | mu Cen | mu Cen | mu Cen | mu Cen |
| 3rd | phi Cen | phi Cen | phi Cen | phi Cen | phi Cen | phi Cen |
| 4th | chi Cen | chi Cen | chi Cen | chi Cen | chi Cen | chi Cen |
Maps (Gallery)
Star Name Discussion (IAU)
In 2025, the name of the historical constellation "xxx" was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...
Decision: ...
References
- ↑ P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” Vistas in Astronomy, 5(1962), 127-225.
- ↑ Yi Shitong伊世同. Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.
- ↑ Pan Nai潘鼐. Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.
- ↑ Sun Xiaochun. & Kistemaker J. The Chinese sky during the Han. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.
