UR.MAH: Difference between revisions
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:UR.MAḪ}} |
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brief note |
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This is a Sumerian loanword in Akkadian. The original meaning of the composition, the Great Dog-like Animal, became a standard term for The Lion. In Late Babylonian texts, this is the only meaning of the term. |
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==Dictionary== |
==Dictionary== |
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===Kurtik |
===Kurtik with Hoffmann, Horowitz and Kim=== |
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= ''nēšu'' "Lion"; |
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* 1) a constellation often identified with <sup>mul</sup>UR.GU.LA "Lion" (Leo); |
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!Sources!!Identifications |
!Sources!!Identifications |
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|'''''Lexical texts'''''. |
|'''''Lexical texts'''''. |
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Unilingual Sumerian list of stars: <sup>mul</sup>ur.maḫ [MSL XI, 144, Forerunner 9 col. iii 5]. |
'''(1)''' Unilingual Sumerian list of stars: <sup>mul</sup>ur.maḫ [MSL XI, 144, Forerunner 9 col. iii 5]. |
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(2) ''Urra'' XXII series: [<sup>mul</sup>u]r.maḫ = ''ne<sub>2</sub>''-''e''-''šu''<sub>2</sub> [MSL XI, 31, Gap j:b; Weidner 1959-60, 112, VAT 9430:26], <sup>mul</sup>ur.ma[ḫ] = [...] x ta x x [SpTU III, 114A v 31]. |
'''(2)''' ''Urra'' XXII series: [<sup>mul</sup>u]r.maḫ = ''ne<sub>2</sub>''-''e''-''šu''<sub>2</sub> [MSL XI, 31, Gap j:b; Weidner 1959-60, 112, VAT 9430:26], <sup>mul</sup>ur.ma[ḫ] = [...] x ta x x [SpTU III, 114A v 31]. |
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|'''''EAE'''''. |
|'''''Enuma Anu Enlil (EAE)'''''. |
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See. [Borger 1973, LB 1321 r. 29′; NSAM 2, 248; SpTU III, 101:36, r. 5]. |
See. [Borger 1973, LB 1321 r. 29′; NSAM 2, 248; SpTU III, 101:36, r. 5]. |
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|'''''MUL.APIN'''''. |
|'''''MUL.APIN'''''. |
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Astrological predictions: DIŠ < |
Astrological predictions: DIŠ mul<sub>4</sub> UR.MAḪ MUL<sub>4</sub><sup>meš</sup><sub>-</sub>šu<sub>2</sub> il-tap-pu-u 3.20 KI DU NIG<sub>2</sub>.E<sub>3</sub> MUL<sub>4</sub> BI / MUL KASKAL "If the stars of Leo flashes: the king will be victorious wherever he goes. This star — a marching star" (II iii 30-31) [MA, 112, 134; AHw, 1177a], for a parallel see prediction (3) below. || |
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|"'''''Letters'''''" '''''and''''' "'''''Reports'''''." |
|"'''''Letters'''''" '''''and''''' "'''''Reports'''''." |
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II. Symbol. |
II. Symbol. |
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The figure of a lion. Description in VAT 9428, obv. 17-18: <sup>mul</sup>UR.MAḪ SIPA šar- |
The figure of a lion. Description in VAT 9428, obv. 17-18: <sup>mul</sup>UR.MAḪ SIPA ''šar-ḫ[u xxxx]'' UGU KUN-''šu<sub>2</sub>'' MUL ana IGI ''ḫu-ru-u[p-p]i / u<sub>3</sub> qu-ru-˹ub?˺ 4?'' M[UL?.MEŠ? x x 1 MU]L ''ina GABA-šu<sub>2</sub> e-ṣir'' "The lion — a wonderful shepherd [...] a star above its tail, in the front ... and next to 4(?) stars(?) and 1 star is depicted on its chest." [Weidner 1927, 74-75, 81-82; Beaulieu et al. 2018, 22, 25, Section V]. KUN <sup>mul</sup>UR.MAḪ "The Lion's tail" is also mentioned in the commentary on the predictions in [NSAM 2, 37, Tav. Ih: v. 5′, 7′]. |
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III. Identification. |
III. Identification. |
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Identifications: |
Identifications: |
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(1) = <sup>mul</sup>UR.GU.LA "Leo"; see ts02<sup>d</sup>''Ṣalbatānu'', III 38, |
(1) = <sup>mul</sup>UR.GU.LA "Leo"; see (Kurtik ts02) <sup>d</sup>''Ṣalbatānu'', III 38, (Kurtik u18) UR.BAR.RA, IV 7. |
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Predictions: |
Predictions: |
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(2) ''Wolf'' (= ''Mars'') ''reaches Leo''; see |
(2) ''Wolf'' (= ''Mars'') ''reaches Leo''; see (Kurtik u18) UR.BAR.RA, IV 7. |
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(3) If the stars of Leo light up (during the first morning appearance of Jupiter within Leo); DIŠ mulUR.MAḪ MUL.MEŠ- |
(3) If the stars of Leo light up (during the first morning appearance of Jupiter within Leo); DIŠ mulUR.MAḪ MUL.MEŠ-''šu<sub>2</sub> ul-tap-pu-u<sub>2</sub>'' / LUGAL ''a-šar il-la-ku / li-is-su'' "If the stars of Leo lights up? (again): the king will prevail wherever he goes." [ARAK, 437:3-5], the commentary says: [<sup>mul</sup>SA]G.ME.GAR / [''ina'' <sup>mul</sup>]UR.GU.LA / [''iz-za-a'']''z-ma'' "[Ju]piter [in] Leo [sto]it." [ARAK, 289:3-r. 1], see also [ibid., 54:6-7; 228:13; LABS, 160:21; SpTU III, 101 r. 5; ACh Suppl. 2, 78 iv 4-6]. |
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==Historical Dictionaries== |
==Historical Dictionaries== |
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!Kurtik (2022 |
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" | Kurtik (2022, u22) |
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! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" | Gössmann (1950) |
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|= ''nēšu'' «Лев»; 1) созвездие, нередко отождествляемое с <sup>mul</sup>UR.GU.LA «Лев» (Leo); 2) небольшое созвездие к северу от традиционного Льва(?) [BPO 2, 16; G. 168; Heimpel 1987, 84; Weidner 1927, 81–82]. |
|= ''nēšu'' «Лев»; 1) созвездие, нередко отождествляемое с <sup>mul</sup>UR.GU.LA «Лев» (Leo); 2) небольшое созвездие к северу от традиционного Льва(?) [BPO 2, 16; G. 168; Heimpel 1987, 84; Weidner 1927, 81–82]. |
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Отождествления: |
Отождествления: |
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(1) = <sup>mul</sup>UR.GU.LA «Лев»; см. ts02<sup>d</sup>''Ṣalbatānu'', III 38, u18UR.BAR.RA, IV 7. |
(1) = <sup>mul</sup>UR.GU.LA «Лев»; см. (Kurtik ts02) <sup>d</sup>''Ṣalbatānu'', III 38, u18UR.BAR.RA, IV 7. |
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Предсказания: |
Предсказания: |
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[[Category:West Asian]] |
[[Category:West Asian]] |
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[[Category:Eurasia]] |
[[Category:Eurasia]] |
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[[Category:Cuneiform]] |
Latest revision as of 14:47, 18 September 2024
This is a Sumerian loanword in Akkadian. The original meaning of the composition, the Great Dog-like Animal, became a standard term for The Lion. In Late Babylonian texts, this is the only meaning of the term.
Dictionary
Kurtik with Hoffmann, Horowitz and Kim
= nēšu "Lion";
- 1) a constellation often identified with mulUR.GU.LA "Lion" (Leo);
- 2) a small constellation north of the traditional Leo(?) [BPO 2, 16; G. 168; Heimpel 1987, 84; Weidner 1927, 81-82].
Sources | Identifications |
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Lexical texts.
(1) Unilingual Sumerian list of stars: mulur.maḫ [MSL XI, 144, Forerunner 9 col. iii 5]. (2) Urra XXII series: [mulu]r.maḫ = ne2-e-šu2 [MSL XI, 31, Gap j:b; Weidner 1959-60, 112, VAT 9430:26], mulur.ma[ḫ] = [...] x ta x x [SpTU III, 114A v 31]. |
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Enuma Anu Enlil (EAE).
See. [Borger 1973, LB 1321 r. 29′; NSAM 2, 248; SpTU III, 101:36, r. 5]. |
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MUL.APIN.
Astrological predictions: DIŠ mul4 UR.MAḪ MUL4meš-šu2 il-tap-pu-u 3.20 KI DU NIG2.E3 MUL4 BI / MUL KASKAL "If the stars of Leo flashes: the king will be victorious wherever he goes. This star — a marching star" (II iii 30-31) [MA, 112, 134; AHw, 1177a], for a parallel see prediction (3) below. || | |
"Letters" and "Reports."
See. [LABS, 160:21; ARAK, 350b]. |
additional
II. Symbol.
The figure of a lion. Description in VAT 9428, obv. 17-18: mulUR.MAḪ SIPA šar-ḫ[u xxxx] UGU KUN-šu2 MUL ana IGI ḫu-ru-u[p-p]i / u3 qu-ru-˹ub?˺ 4? M[UL?.MEŠ? x x 1 MU]L ina GABA-šu2 e-ṣir "The lion — a wonderful shepherd [...] a star above its tail, in the front ... and next to 4(?) stars(?) and 1 star is depicted on its chest." [Weidner 1927, 74-75, 81-82; Beaulieu et al. 2018, 22, 25, Section V]. KUN mulUR.MAḪ "The Lion's tail" is also mentioned in the commentary on the predictions in [NSAM 2, 37, Tav. Ih: v. 5′, 7′].
III. Identification.
= Leo Minor + southern section of the Ursa Maior [Weidner 1927, 81].
= Leo Minor [Weidner 1957-59, 79a].
= Leo [BPO 2, 16].
= constellation north of Leo [Heimpel 1987, 84].
IV. Astrology.
Identifications:
(1) = mulUR.GU.LA "Leo"; see (Kurtik ts02) dṢalbatānu, III 38, (Kurtik u18) UR.BAR.RA, IV 7.
Predictions:
(2) Wolf (= Mars) reaches Leo; see (Kurtik u18) UR.BAR.RA, IV 7.
(3) If the stars of Leo light up (during the first morning appearance of Jupiter within Leo); DIŠ mulUR.MAḪ MUL.MEŠ-šu2 ul-tap-pu-u2 / LUGAL a-šar il-la-ku / li-is-su "If the stars of Leo lights up? (again): the king will prevail wherever he goes." [ARAK, 437:3-5], the commentary says: [mulSA]G.ME.GAR / [ina mul]UR.GU.LA / [iz-za-a]z-ma "[Ju]piter [in] Leo [sto]it." [ARAK, 289:3-r. 1], see also [ibid., 54:6-7; 228:13; LABS, 160:21; SpTU III, 101 r. 5; ACh Suppl. 2, 78 iv 4-6].
Historical Dictionaries
Kurtik (2022, u22) | Gössmann (1950) |
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= nēšu «Лев»; 1) созвездие, нередко отождествляемое с mulUR.GU.LA «Лев» (Leo); 2) небольшое созвездие к северу от традиционного Льва(?) [BPO 2, 16; G. 168; Heimpel 1987, 84; Weidner 1927, 81–82].
I. Источники. Лексич. тексты. (1) Одноязычные шумерские списки звезд: mulur.maḫ [MSL XI, 144, Forerunner 9 col. iii 5]. (2) Серия Urra XXII: [mulu]r.maḫ = ne2-e-šu2 [MSL XI, 31, Gap j:b; Weidner 1959–60, 112, VAT 9430:26], mulur.ma[ḫ] = […] x ta x x [SpTU III, 114A v 31]. EAE. См. [Borger 1973, LB 1321 r. 29′; NSAM 2, 248; SpTU III, 101:36, r. 5]. MUL.APIN. Астрологические предсказания: DIŠ mul4UR.MAḪ MUL4meš-šu2 il-tap-pu-u 3,20 KI DU NIG2.E3 MUL4 BI / MUL KASKAL «Если Лев, звезды его вспыхивают: царь, куда бы он ни пошел, будет победоносен. Эта звезда — походная звезда» (II iii 30–31) [MA, 112, 134; AHw, 1177a], параллель см. ниже предсказание (3). «Письма» и «Рапорты». См. [LABS, 160:21; ARAK, 350b]. II. Символ. Фигура льва. Описание в VAT 9428, obv. 17–18: mulUR.MAḪ SIPA šar-ḫ[u xxxxx] UGU KUN-šu2 MUL ana IGI ḫu-ru-u[p-p]i / u3 qu-ru-˹ub?˺ 4? M[UL?.MEŠ? x x 1 MU]L ina GABA-šu2 e-ṣir «Лев – великолепный пастух […] выше его хвоста звезда, впереди … и рядом 4(?) звезды(?) и 1 звезда на его груди изображена» [Weidner 1927, 74–75, 81–82; Beaulieu et al. 2018, 22, 25, Section V]. KUN mulUR.MAḪ «Хвост Льва» упомянут также в комментариях к предсказаниям в [NSAM 2, 37, Tav. Ih: v. 5′, 7′]. III. Отождествление. = Leo Minor + южная часть Ursa Maior [Weidner 1927, 81]. = Leo Minor [Weidner 1957–59, 79a]. = Leo [BPO 2, 16]. = созвездие к северу от Leo [Heimpel 1987, 84]. IV. Астрология. Отождествления: (1) = mulUR.GU.LA «Лев»; см. (Kurtik ts02) dṢalbatānu, III 38, u18UR.BAR.RA, IV 7. Предсказания: (2) Волк (= Марс) достигает Льва; см. u18UR.BAR.RA, IV 7. (3) Если звезды Льва вспыхивают (первое утреннее появление Юпитера во Льве); DIŠ mulUR.MAḪ MUL.MEŠ-šu2 ul-tap-pu-u2 / LUGAL a-šar il-la-ku / li-is-su «Если звезды Льва (повторно) вспыхивают?: царь одержит победу, куда бы он ни пошел» [ARAK, 437:3–5], в комментарии сказано: [mulSA]G.ME.GAR / [ina mul]UR.GU.LA / [iz-za-a]z-ma «[Ю]питер [во] Льве [сто]ит» [ARAK, 289:3–r. 1], см. также [ibid., 54:6–7; 228:13; LABS, 160:21; SpTU III, 101 r. 5; ACh Suppl. 2, 78 iv 4–6]. |
Example |