ANŠE.KUR.RA

^mulANŠE.KUR.RA is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.

Dictionary (Provenance of the term)

Krebernik (2023)

ANŠE.KUR.RA = sisû “horse. ”^mulANŠE.KUR.RA (EN 29r).

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

= sīsû "horse" [BPO 2, 10; G. 32]; a constellation in the vicinity of Pegasus or Cassiopeia.

Sources	Identifications
MUL.APIN. List of the stars of Enlil (no. 29): MUL ša2 ina GUB3-šu2 GUB-zu mulANŠE.KUR.RA "The star that stands in it (i.e. mulUD.KA.DU8.A) left side: the Horse" (I i 30) [MA 27].	MUL.APIN I i 29-32 lists a set of constellations as entourage of the UD.KA.DU8.A-demon: "The asterism which stands at its right side: the Pig, Damu. The asterism which stands at its left side: the Horse. The asterism which stands behind it: The Stag, [...]. The dusky stars which stand in the breast of the Stag: ...". The image of the UD.KA.DU8.A-demon can be attached to the stars because its heel (λ And) and its breat (α Cyg) are well-determined ziqpu-stars. Thus, the Horse and the Pig can be arranged according to the text at the demon's left and right side, squeezed in between the well-defined constellations of mulIKU, APIN, and Anunītu. UD.KA.DU8.A and its entourage in Stellarium: The Horse, The Stag, The Pig to its left and right (paintings by Jessica Gullberg 2021). The identification of The Pig is uncertain; it could also be in the area of Delphinus, but as the two stars at the end of Sagitta form a pair like a pig's nose, this orientation was chosen. The terms "left" and "right" are not well defined, especially with regard to a figure that is seen from the side.
"The Great Star List and Miscellenia". mul dim.dugudmušen = mulanše.kur.ra " Anzu bird = Horse". [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:159; Weidner 1959-60, 107:21, 108]; for a parallel see. [SpTU I, 50:36].	Mesopotamia 6000-1500 BC Gallery, British Museum, London, England, UK. Complete indexed photo collection at WorldHistoryPics.com. Cylinder seal and modern impression: winged horse with claws and horns. Ca. 14th–13th century BCE. Middle Assyrian. By the classical period the Horse constellation in Assyria and Babylonia came to be a Greek Pegasus-like figure identified with Sumerian mulIM.DUGUD = anzû.  Earlier the IM.DUGUD. mulIM.DUGUD = anzû althought the earlier flying constellation was depicted as a Lion headed eagle.
List of stars VR 46, 1:20. mulanše.kur.ra = dim.dugudmušen "Horse = Anzu bird", see also [HBA 51:20; Wee 2016, 162-3:20]; for a parallel see. [SpTU I, 50:36]; identity in BM 52938: an-zu-u2 = si-su-[u2] [CAD S, 334a].
Dalbanna-text. §e. mul x [x x x x x x] ˹mul!˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ u mulsim.maḫ 4 mul.meš [x x x x x 2 da]l.ba.an.na dal.ba.an.na mulsag sim.m[aḫ x x x] x dal. ba.an.na murub4 suḫuš ki-lal-la-an ma[ḫ-ru] "Asterism [...] (7 And, β Cas) head of Horse and Swallow (β,ε Peg): 4 stars [...2 in]tervals, interval. Swall[ow’s] head x interval. Middle (and?) foundation, both first[s]." [Walker 1995, 36; ASM, 108]; according to [Koch 1995, 48, 61], mulx [x x] = mulz[ap-pi šaḫ]? "Pig’s Bristle" (7 And), [x x x x] = [multir.an.na]? "[Rainbow]" (β Cas), ˹mul!˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ = (β Peg), mulsim.maḫ = (ω Psc), mulsag sim.m[aḫ] = (ε Peg).	These sections of the text remain unclear.
In astrological commentaries: eq(TUG!)-bu ša2 mulANŠE.KUR.RA "Horse's hoof". [ACh Ištar, 34:19; CAD S, 334a].

additional

II. Deity.

          The Horse constellation is identified with Anzu, a well-known Sumero-Akkadian mythical character (see Kurtik i07 ^dIM.DUGUD^mušen). For what reasons and when exactly in astral mythology Anzu was associated with the Horse, remains unclear. Texts containing this identity date back to the 1st millennium B.C. The absence of the name in lexical texts indicate a rather late origin of the name. On the probable mythological basis of the identification see. [CAD A/2, 155; Livingstone 1986, 147-148].

III. Symbol.

            The identification of this constellation with Pegasus suggested by J. Koch (see section IV) (if it took place in reality!?) suggests that at the period when Mesopotamian tradition connected with the stars was known to the Greeks (8-5 cc. BCE) the figure of horse was already considered as its symbol in Mesopotamia. The images of the horse's head on the kudurru see [Seidl 1968. [Seidl 1968, 145, XXIX; Kurtik 2007, fig. 8].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, a39)	Gössmann (1950)
= sīsû «Конь» [BPO 2, 10; G. 32]; созвездия в области Пегаса (Pegasus) или Кассиопеи (Cassiopeia).
MUL.APIN. Список звезд Энлиля (№ 29): MUL ša2 ina GUB3-šu2 GUB-zu mulANŠE.KUR.RA «Звезда, которая стоит с его (т.е. mulUD.KA.DU8.A) левой стороны: Конь» (I i 30) [MA 27]. «Большой список звезд». mul dim.dugudmušen = mulanše.kur.ra «Птица Анзу = Конь» [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:159; Weidner 1959–60, 107:21, 108]; параллель см. [SpTU I, 50:36]. Список звезд VR 46, 1:20. mulanše.kur.ra = dim.dugudmušen «Конь = птица Анзу», см. также [HBA 51:20; Wee 2016, 162–3:20]; параллель см. [SpTU I, 50:36]; тождество в BM 52938: an-zu-u2 = si-su-[u2] [CAD S, 334а]. Dalbanna-текст. §e. mul x [x x x x x x] ˹mul!˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ u mulsim.maḫ 4 mul.meš [x x x x x 2 da]l.ba.an.na dal.ba.an.na mulsag sim.m[aḫ x x x x] x dal.ba.an.na murub4 suḫuš ki-lal-la-an ma[ḫ-ru] «Звезда […] (7 And, β Cas) голова Коня и Ласточка (β,ε Peg): 4 звезды […2 ин]тервала, интервал. Голова Ласточ[ки …] x интервал. Середина (и?) основание, оба пер[вые].» [Walker 1995, 36; ASM, 108]; согласно [Koch 1995, 48, 61], mulx [x x] = mulz[ap-pi šaḫ]? «Щетина Свиньи» (7 And), [x x x x] =  [multir.an.na]? «[Радуга]» (β Cas), ˹mul!˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ = (β Peg), mulsim.maḫ = (ω Psc), mulsag sim.m[aḫ] = (ε Peg). В астрологическом комментарии: eq(TUG!)-bu ša2 mulANŠE.KUR.RA «Копыто Лошади» [ACh Ištar, 34:19; CAD S, 334a].
II. Божество. Созвездие Конь отождествлялось с Анзу, известным персонажем шумеро-аккадских мифов (см. i07dIM.DUGUDmušen). Вследствие каких причин и когда именно в астральной мифологии Анзу был связан с Конем, остается невыясненным. Тексты, содержащие это тождество, относятся к I тыс. до н.э. Отсутствие названия в лексических текстах свидетельствует о достаточно позднем его происхождении. О вероятной мифологической основе отождествления см. [CAD A/2, 155; Livingstone 1986, 147–148]. III. Символ. Предполагаемое Й.Кохом (см. раздел IV) отождествление данного созвездия с Пегасом (если, конечно, оно имело место в действительности!?) наводит на мысль, что в период, когда месопотамская традиция, связанная со звездами, стала известна грекам (VIII–V вв. до н.э.), фигура коня уже считалась его символом в Месопотамии. Изображения головы коня на кудурру см. [Seidl 1968, 145, XXIX; Куртик 2007, рис. 8]. IV. Отождествление. = Equuleus [G. 32; Weidner 1957–59, 79a]; = α, β, γ, δ+ Cassiopeiae (?) [MA, 138]; = β, η, ι, κ, λ, μ Pegasi [Koch 1995, 61, Anm. 20]; = часть Кассиопеи (Cassiopeia) [Mesop.Astrol., 207, App. C]; = α, β, γ, δ Cassiopeiae [ASM, 273]; = Пегас и Кассиопея [Beaulieu et al. 2018, 71]. V. Части созвездия и отдельные звезды. (1) Голова Коня, см. dbn-текст. (2) Копыто Коня, см. выше.

References

• Kurtik's references