Indian Names (All Terms): Difference between revisions

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[[File:India (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|Map of India, part of South Asia (UN region)]]
[[File:India (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|Map of India, part of South Asia (UN region)]]
[[File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Display of all 28th nakshatra in a door fram in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
The Indian subcontinent hosts a rich and old traditional astronomy in many different flavours. It grew and was inspired by exchange with neighbouring cultures such as Chinese and Mesopotamian.
The Indian subcontinent hosts a rich and old traditional astronomy in many different flavours. It grew and was inspired by exchange with neighbouring cultures such as Chinese and Mesopotamian.


Line 47: Line 48:
=== Dictionary of Asterisms (Stars and Constellations) ===
=== Dictionary of Asterisms (Stars and Constellations) ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Naks. Number
!
!Sanscrit
!Sanscrit
! colspan="2" |Transliteration
! colspan="2" |Transliteration
!English Description/ Translation
!English Description/ Translation
!Commentary
!Commentary
!
!Source
|-
|-
!
!
Line 61: Line 60:
!
!
!
!
!
!Reference
|-
|-
|28
|28
Line 70: Line 67:
|Victorius
|Victorius
|Nakshatra in [[Lyra]]
|Nakshatra in [[Lyra]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 79: Line 74:
|the one below and west
|the one below and west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 88: Line 81:
|
|
|[[Punarvasu]]
|[[Punarvasu]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 95: Line 86:
|
|
|Agasthya
|Agasthya
|
|
|
|
|
|
Line 106: Line 95:
|
|
|[[Krittika]]
|[[Krittika]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 115: Line 102:
|
|
|[[Krittika]]
|[[Krittika]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|Āgrahāyaṇī
|Āgrahāyaṇī
|Agrahayani
|
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|[[Mrigashira]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 133: Line 116:
|
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 142: Line 123:
|
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|[[Ashlesha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 151: Line 130:
|
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 160: Line 137:
|
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 169: Line 144:
|
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 178: Line 151:
|
|
|[[Svati]]
|[[Svati]]
|
|
|-
|-
|17
|17
Line 187: Line 158:
|"following rādhā"
|"following rādhā"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 196: Line 165:
|another sage
|another sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|
|possibly Indian
|-
|-
|
|
Line 204: Line 171:
|Apa
|Apa
|
|
|ζ Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|
|ζ Vir
|Shylaja and Pai (2019)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 213: Line 178:
|Apamvatsa
|Apamvatsa
|
|
|74 Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|
|74 Vir
|Shylaja and Pai (2019)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 222: Line 185:
|Aptapan
|Aptapan
|??
|??
|α Cas (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|
|α Cas
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 232: Line 193:
|
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|6
|6
Line 241: Line 200:
|wetness,
|wetness,
|Nakshatra ([[Betelgeuse]])
|Nakshatra ([[Betelgeuse]])
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 250: Line 207:
|
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 259: Line 214:
|
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|
|
|-
|-
|9
|9
Line 268: Line 221:
|"the embrace"
|"the embrace"
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra
|δ, ε , η, ρ, and σ Hydrae
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 276: Line 227:
|Ashvanabha
|Ashvanabha
|Belly of the horse (from Arabic)
|Belly of the horse (from Arabic)
|α And (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|
|α And
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|1
|1
Line 285: Line 234:
|Ashvini
|Ashvini
|Twin physician of the Gods
|Twin physician of the Gods
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|β, γ Arietis
(perhaps also α Ari in some variants)
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 296: Line 242:
|
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 305: Line 249:
|
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|
|
|-
|-
|2
|2
Line 313: Line 255:
|Bharani
|Bharani
|the bearer, a container
|the bearer, a container
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|<nowiki>35, 39 and 41 Arietis |</nowiki>
(three stars)
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 324: Line 263:
|
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|Sarpa shirsha
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 333: Line 270:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Vel
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Vel
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 342: Line 277:
|
|
|[[Rohini]]
|[[Rohini]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 351: Line 284:
|
|
|a Aur all texts or b Aur ??
|a Aur all texts or b Aur ??
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|Brāhmī
|Brāhmī
|Brahmi
|
|
|[[Rohini]]
|[[Rohini]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 369: Line 298:
|
|
|[[Rohini]]
|[[Rohini]]
|
|
|-
|-
|14
|14
Line 377: Line 304:
|Chitra
|Chitra
|"the bright one"
|"the bright one"
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra ([[Spica]])
|Spica
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 387: Line 312:
|
|
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|
|
|-
|-
|23
|23
Line 397: Line 320:
|"most famous",
|"most famous",
also Shravishthā "swiftest"
also Shravishthā "swiftest"
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Delphinus|Del]]
|α, β, γ, δ Delphini
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 406: Line 327:
|Dhanukoti
|Dhanukoti
|part of Dhanu
|part of Dhanu
|from Arabic: alf Ori
|
|alf Ori
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 416: Line 335:
|
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|[[Vishakha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|Dvitiyabhādra
|Dvitiyabhādra
|Dvitiyabhadra
|
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 434: Line 349:
|
|
|[[Shravana]]
|[[Shravana]]
|
|
|-
|-
|13
|13
Line 442: Line 355:
|Hasta
|Hasta
|"the hand"
|"the hand"
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Corvus]]
|β, α, ε, γ, and δ Corvi
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 451: Line 362:
|Hayaamsha
|Hayaamsha
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|
|
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
Line 461: Line 370:
|
|
|[[Krittika]]
|[[Krittika]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 469: Line 376:
|Hutabhuk
|Hutabhuk
|Fire, Agni
|Fire, Agni
|β Tau (Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|β Tau
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 479: Line 384:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ζ, ε, δ Ori (Belt of Orion)
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ζ, ε, δ Ori (Belt of Orion)
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 488: Line 391:
|
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 497: Line 398:
|
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 505: Line 404:
|Jantupuchcha
|Jantupuchcha
|
|
|from Arabic: bet Cet
|
|bet Cet
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|18
|18
Line 514: Line 411:
|Jyeshtha
|Jyeshtha
|"the eldest, most excellent"
|"the eldest, most excellent"
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|α, σ, and τ Scorpii
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 523: Line 418:
|Kakaskandha
|Kakaskandha
|shoulder of crow
|shoulder of crow
|from Arabic: eps Crv
|
|eps Crv
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|Kakayukta
|kakayukta
|related to crow
|related to crow
|from Arabic: alf Cyg
|
|alf Cyg
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|Kakudapuchha
|kakudapuchha
|
|
|kakayukta
|kakayukta
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 551: Line 440:
|
|
|kakayukta
|kakayukta
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 560: Line 447:
|human skull
|human skull
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Phe
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Phe
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 569: Line 454:
|
|
|[[Hasta]]
|[[Hasta]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 577: Line 460:
|Kartitakara
|Kartitakara
|??
|??
|β Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|β Cas
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|3
|3
Line 586: Line 467:
|Krittika
|Krittika
|personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva
|personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra ([[Pleiades]])
|Pleiades
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 596: Line 475:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMa
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 605: Line 482:
|
|
|Yamyavasu
|Yamyavasu
|
|
|-
|-
|10
|10
Line 613: Line 488:
|Magha
|Magha
|"the bountiful"?
|"the bountiful"?
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|5 stars: Regulus (α Leo), γ, η, 31,ο and ρ Leonis
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 623: Line 496:
|
|
|Malayendu
|Malayendu
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 632: Line 503:
|
|
|[[Anuradha]]
|[[Anuradha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 641: Line 510:
|
|
|from Arabic, possibly Indian: tet Cet
|from Arabic, possibly Indian: tet Cet
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|Mānuṣaśīrṣa
|Mānus ̟ aśīrs ̟ a
|Manusasirsa, Manusha shirsha
|Manusasirsa, Manusha shirsha
|Head of a person (from Arabic)
|Head of a person (from Arabic)
|β Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|β Per
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 659: Line 524:
|
|
|Nrihasta
|Nrihasta
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 668: Line 531:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Per
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Per
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 677: Line 538:
|name of a sage
|name of a sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 685: Line 544:
|Matsyamukha
|Matsyamukha
|
|
|from Arabic: alf PsA
|
|alf PsA
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 695: Line 552:
|the tail of a fish
|the tail of a fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Gru
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Gru
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 703: Line 558:
|Matsyodara
|Matsyodara
|Belly of the fish (from Arabic)
|Belly of the fish (from Arabic)
|β And (Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|β And
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 712: Line 565:
|Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina
|Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina
|left side of Gemini
|left side of Gemini
|from Arabic: bet Ori
|
|bet Ori
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 721: Line 572:
|Mithunapada
|Mithunapada
|foot of Gemini
|foot of Gemini
|from Arabic: zet Tau
|
|zet Tau
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 730: Line 579:
|Mithunavamaskanda
|Mithunavamaskanda
|right side of Gemini
|right side of Gemini
|from Arabic: kap, nu Ori
|
|kap, nu Ori
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|5
|5
Line 739: Line 586:
|Mrigashira
|Mrigashira
|"the deer's head".
|"the deer's head".
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Orion|Ori]]
|λ, φ<sub>1,2</sub> Orionis
|
|-
|-
|19
|19
Line 748: Line 593:
|Mula
|Mula
|"the root"
|"the root"
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|ε, μ, ζ, η, θ, ι, κ, and λ Scorpii
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 758: Line 601:
|great sage
|great sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 767: Line 608:
|sage
|sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 775: Line 614:
|Nadyantaka
|Nadyantaka
|End of the river (from Arabic)
|End of the river (from Arabic)
|γ Phe (Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|γ Phe
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 785: Line 622:
|tail of the crocodile
|tail of the crocodile
|possibly Indian Indigenous: sig Aqr
|possibly Indian Indigenous: sig Aqr
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 794: Line 629:
|
|
|Mula
|Mula
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 802: Line 635:
|Nrihasta
|Nrihasta
|man's hand
|man's hand
|from Arabic: tet Aur
|
|tet Aur
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 811: Line 642:
|Nripada
|Nripada
|foot of a man
|foot of a man
|from Arabic: bet Cen
|
|bet Cen
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|Nṛpārśva
|Nr ̟ pārśva
|Nrparsva, Nruparshva
|Nrparsva, Nruparshva
|Side of a person/ part of the face of a man (from Arabic)
|Side of a person/ part of the face of a man (from Arabic)
|α Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|α Per
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 829: Line 656:
|Nuramsa
|Nuramsa
|man's shoulder
|man's shoulder
|from Arabic: bet Aur
|
|bet Aur
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 839: Line 664:
|
|
|Magha
|Magha
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 848: Line 671:
|
|
|Ashlesha
|Ashlesha
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|Pīṭhamūla
|Pīt ̟ hamūla
|Pithhamula, Peethamulam
|Pithhamula, Peethamulam
|Base of the seat or chair
|Base of the seat or chair
|γ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|γ Cas
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 866: Line 685:
|
|
|Revati
|Revati
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 875: Line 692:
|
|
|Purva Bhadrapada
|Purva Bhadrapada
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 884: Line 699:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: d Aur
|possibly Indian Indigenous: d Aur
|
|
|-
|-
|7
|7
Line 893: Line 706:
|"the twinrestorers of goods",
|"the twinrestorers of goods",
yamakau "the two chariots"?
yamakau "the two chariots"?
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Gemini|Gem]]
|4 stars:
α, β Geminorum
(ε, ζ Gem?)
|Nakshatra
|-
|-
|
|
Line 905: Line 714:
|next sage
|next sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam UMa
|
|
|-
|-
|20
|20
Line 913: Line 720:
|Purva Ashadha
|Purva Ashadha
|"first of the invincible"
|"first of the invincible"
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|δ and ε Sagittarii
|
|-
|-
|25
|25
Line 923: Line 728:
|Purva Bhadrapada
|Purva Bhadrapada
|"the first of the blessed feet"?
|"the first of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]
|α and β Pegasi
|
|-
|-
|11
|11
Line 932: Line 735:
|Purva Phalguni
|Purva Phalguni
|"first reddish one"?
|"first reddish one"?
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|δ and θ Leonis
|
|-
|-
|8
|8
Line 941: Line 742:
|Pushya
|Pushya
|"the nourisher"
|"the nourisher"
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Cancer|Cnc]]
|γ, δ and θ Cancri
(represented by α CMi)
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 952: Line 750:
|
|
|[[Hasta]]
|[[Hasta]]
|
|
|-
|-
|27
|27
Line 960: Line 756:
|Revati
|Revati
|"prosperous"?
|"prosperous"?
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Pisces|Psc]]
|ζ Piscium
(plus 30 more stars, perhaps including M31)
|
|-
|-
|4
|4
Line 970: Line 763:
|Rohini
|Rohini
|"the red one"
|"the red one"
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra ([[Hyades]])
|Aldebaran
and the Hyades
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 981: Line 771:
|
|
|[[Ardra]]
|[[Ardra]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|Śakra
|Śakra
|
|
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 998: Line 784:
|Samudra pakshi
|Samudra pakshi
|
|
|from Arabic: i Cet
|
|i Cet
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,008: Line 792:
|
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|[[Ashlesha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,016: Line 798:
|Sarpa shirsha
|Sarpa shirsha
|head of serpent
|head of serpent
|from Arabic: alf Ser
|
|alf Ser
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,026: Line 806:
|one with serpent
|one with serpent
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ara
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ara
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,035: Line 813:
|Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta
|Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ori
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ori
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,044: Line 820:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta Boo
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta Boo
|
|
|-
|-
|24
|24
Line 1,055: Line 829:
|a hundred physicians"
|a hundred physicians"
|Nakshatra in [[Aquarius|Aqr]]
|Nakshatra in [[Aquarius|Aqr]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,064: Line 836:
|dolphin or fish
|dolphin or fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,073: Line 843:
|
|
|[[Ardra]]
|[[Ardra]]
|
|
|-
|-
|22
|22
Line 1,081: Line 849:
|Shravana
|Shravana
|Listening
|Listening
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra in [[Aquila]]
|<nowiki>α, β and γ Aquilae | Altair</nowiki>
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,091: Line 857:
|
|
|[[Pushya]]
|[[Pushya]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,099: Line 863:
|Simha PrishTha
|Simha PrishTha
|backside of lion
|backside of lion
|from Arabic: del Leo
|
|del Leo
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,108: Line 870:
|Simhaguhyam
|Simhaguhyam
|male organ of lion
|male organ of lion
|from Arabic: iot Leo
|
|iot Leo
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,117: Line 877:
|Simhasaka
|Simhasaka
|part of lion
|part of lion
|from Arabic: gam Leo
|
|gam Leo
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,127: Line 885:
|(6 headed karitikeya)
|(6 headed karitikeya)
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Aur
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Aur
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,136: Line 892:
|
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|[[Mrigashira]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|Śraviṣṭhā
|Śraviṣṭhā
|Shravishtha
|
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|[[Dhanishta]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|Śṛti
|
|Śṛti
|Shirti
|
|
|[[Shravana]]
|[[Shravana]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|Supīṭha
|Supīt ̟ ha
|Supithha, Supeetha
|Supithha, Supeetha
|Auspicious seat / chair
|Auspicious seat / chair
|δ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|δ Cas
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|15
|15
Line 1,172: Line 920:
|"Su-Ati - Goodness
|"Su-Ati - Goodness
|Nakshatra in [[Bootes]]
|Nakshatra in [[Bootes]]
|Arcturus
(+ η and ζ Bootis)
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,182: Line 927:
|the sage after that
|the sage after that
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eps UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eps UMa
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|Tiṣya
|Tiṣya
|Tishya
|
|
|Pushya
|Pushya
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,200: Line 941:
|decorative motif on the main door
|decorative motif on the main door
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ser
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ser
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,209: Line 948:
|
|
|Purva Ashadha
|Purva Ashadha
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,218: Line 955:
|three steps /one who put three steps
|three steps /one who put three steps
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ξν, μλ, ικ UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ξν, μλ, ικ UMa
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,226: Line 961:
|Tulaikasikha
|Tulaikasikha
|First star of Tula (Libra)
|First star of Tula (Libra)
|an asterism in [[Libra]], perhaps [[Vishakha]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|? Lib (same as Visakha?)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,235: Line 968:
|Tulanyasikha
|Tulanyasikha
|Another star of Tula
|Another star of Tula
|an asterism in [[Libra]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|[[Turaganga]]
|Turaganga
|
|
|
|?Lib
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,244: Line 982:
|Turanga
|Turanga
|
|
|from Arabic: nu Cet
|
|nu Cet
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,253: Line 989:
|Turangaasa
|Turangaasa
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|(Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,263: Line 997:
|
|
|[[Chitra]]
|[[Chitra]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,272: Line 1,004:
|
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,281: Line 1,011:
|the one above and to the west
|the one above and to the west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|
|
|-
|-
|21
|21
Line 1,290: Line 1,018:
|"Latter invincible"
|"Latter invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|ζ and σ Sagittarii
|
|-
|-
|26
|26
Line 1,301: Line 1,027:
|"the second of the blessed feet"?
|"the second of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]+[[Andromeda|And]]
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]+[[Andromeda|And]]
|γ Pegasi and α Andromedae
|
|-
|-
|12
|12
Line 1,310: Line 1,034:
|"second reddish one"?
|"second reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|Denebola plus 3 more
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,319: Line 1,041:
|
|
|[[Shravana]]
|[[Shravana]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,328: Line 1,048:
|
|
|[[Uttara Ashadha]]
|[[Uttara Ashadha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,336: Line 1,054:
|Vajibahu
|Vajibahu
|
|
|from Arabic: tet Cet
|
|tet Cet
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,346: Line 1,062:
|
|
|[[Shatabhisha|Satabhisa]]
|[[Shatabhisha|Satabhisa]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,355: Line 1,069:
|
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|[[Dhanishta]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,364: Line 1,076:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: zet UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: zet UMa
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,373: Line 1,083:
|
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|[[Dhanishta]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,382: Line 1,090:
|calf of a cow
|calf of a cow
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet Tau
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet Tau
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,390: Line 1,096:
|Vayasa
|Vayasa
|
|
|from Arabic: bet Cyg
|
|bet Cyg
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,400: Line 1,104:
|
|
|[[Abhijit]]
|[[Abhijit]]
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,409: Line 1,111:
|
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|[[Vishakha]]
|
|
|-
|-
|16
|16
Line 1,418: Line 1,118:
|"forked, having many branches"
|"forked, having many branches"
|Nakshatra in [[Libra]]
|Nakshatra in [[Libra]]
|α, β, γ and ι Librae
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,426: Line 1,124:
|Yama
|Yama
|May be same as Nadyantaka, South
|May be same as Nadyantaka, South
|α Eri (Shylaja+ (2016))
|
|α Eri
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,436: Line 1,132:
|southern vasu
|southern vasu
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMi
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMi
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,445: Line 1,139:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,454: Line 1,146:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Ori
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Ori
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,463: Line 1,153:
|"double" for the middle steps in [[Trivikrama]]
|"double" for the middle steps in [[Trivikrama]]
|possibly Indian Indigenous: lam, mu UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: lam, mu UMa
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,472: Line 1,160:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam+bet Dra
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam+bet Dra
|
|
|-
|-
|
|
Line 1,481: Line 1,167:
|
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: iot+kap UMa
|possibly Indian Indigenous: iot+kap UMa
|
|
|}
|}


Latest revision as of 11:54, 9 November 2025

Map of India, part of South Asia (UN region)
Display of all 28th nakshatra in a door fram in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).

The Indian subcontinent hosts a rich and old traditional astronomy in many different flavours. It grew and was inspired by exchange with neighbouring cultures such as Chinese and Mesopotamian.

Solar System Names

Traditional Terms Transliteration English commentary
Sun
Moon
Mercury
Venus
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn

Dictionary of Asterisms (Stars and Constellations)

Naks. Number Sanscrit Transliteration English Description/ Translation Commentary
with diacritics without ...
28 अभिजित Abhijit (अभिजित) Abhijit Victorius Nakshatra in Lyra
Adhah Paschimaga the one below and west possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
Aditerbha Punarvasu (पुनर्वसु)
Agasthya
Agni Kṛttika (कृत्तिका)
Agnidaiva Kṛttika (कृत्तिका)
Āgrahāyaṇī Agrahayani Mṛgaśira (मृगशिर)
Ahirbudhnya Uttara Bhādrapada (उत्तर भाद्रपदा)
Ahya Ashlesha (आश्लेषः)
Aindra Jyeṣṭha (ज्येष्ठा)
Ajaikapada Purva Bhadrapada
Ajanghri Purva Bhadrapada
Anila Svati (स्वाति)
17 अनुराधा Anuradha (अनुराधा) Anuradha "following rādhā" Nakshatra in Sco
Anyomuni another sage possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
Āpa Apa ζ Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
Apāṃvatsa Apamvatsa 74 Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
Āptapān Aptapan ?? α Cas (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
Apya Purvaṣādha (पूर्व आषाढा)
6 आर्द्रा Ardra (आर्द्रा) Ardra wetness, Nakshatra (Betelgeuse)
Arya Uttara Phalguni
Aryamrksha Uttara Phalguni
9 आश्लेषः Āshleshā Ashlesha "the embrace" Nakshatra
Aśvanābha Ashvanabha Belly of the horse (from Arabic) α And (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
1 अश्विनी Aśvini Ashvini Twin physician of the Gods Nakshatra in Aries
Bhagya Purva Phalguni
Bhagybha Purva Phalguni
2 भरणी Bharani (भरणी) Bharani the bearer, a container Nakshatra in Aries
Bhujaga shirsha Sarpa shirsha
Bhujanga possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Vel
Brahmabha Rohiṇī (रोहिणी)
Brahmahridaya a Aur all texts or b Aur ??
Brāhmī Brahmi Rohiṇī (रोहिणी)
Brahmya Rohiṇī (रोहिणी)
14 चित्रा Citrā Chitra "the bright one" Nakshatra (Spica)
Dasra Aśvini
23 श्रविष्ठा/

धनिष्ठा

Dhaniṣṭhā Dhanishta "most famous",

also Shravishthā "swiftest"

Nakshatra in Del
Dhanukoti part of Dhanu from Arabic: alf Ori
Dvidaivata Viśākhā (विशाखा)
Dvitiyabhādra Dvitiyabhadra Uttara Bhadrapada
Haribha Śravana (श्रवण)
13 हस्त Hasta (हस्त) Hasta "the hand" Nakshatra in Corvus
Hayaamsha Body part of horse (from Arabic) Shylaja+ (2016)
Hutabhuk Kṛttika (कृत्तिका)
Hutabhuk Fire, Agni β Tau (Shylaja+ (2016))
इल्वल Ilvala (इल्वल) Ilvala possibly Indian Indigenous: ζ, ε, δ Ori (Belt of Orion)
Jaladaivata Purvaṣādha (पूर्व आषाढा)
Jalarksha Purvaṣādha (पूर्व आषाढा)
Jantupuchcha from Arabic: bet Cet
18 ज्येष्ठा Jyeṣṭha Jyeshtha "the eldest, most excellent" Nakshatra in Sco
Kakaskandha shoulder of crow from Arabic: eps Crv
Kakayukta related to crow from Arabic: alf Cyg
Kakudapuchha kakayukta
Kalaja kakayukta
Kapala human skull possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Phe
Kara Hasta (हस्त)
Kartitakara ?? β Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
3 कृत्तिका Kṛttika Krittika personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva Nakshatra (Pleiades)
Lubdhaka possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMa
Lubdhaka Bandhu Yamyavasu
10 मघा Maghā Magha "the bountiful"? Nakshatra in Leo
Mahendrasuri Malayendu
Maitra Anuradha (अनुराधा)
Malayendu, Ardralubdhaka, ShaNmukha, Sadaasya Malayendu from Arabic, possibly Indian: tet Cet
Mānuṣaśīrṣa Manusasirsa, Manusha shirsha Head of a person (from Arabic) β Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
Manushahsta Nrihasta
Manushyaparshava possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Per
Marici name of a sage possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
Matsyamukha from Arabic: alf PsA
Matsyapuchha the tail of a fish possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Gru
Matsyodara Belly of the fish (from Arabic) β And (Shylaja+ (2016))
Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina left side of Gemini from Arabic: bet Ori
Mithunapada foot of Gemini from Arabic: zet Tau
Mithunavamaskanda right side of Gemini from Arabic: kap, nu Ori
5 मृगशिर Mṛgaśira (मृगशिर) Mrigashira "the deer's head". Nakshatra in Ori
19 मूल Mūlā Mula "the root" Nakshatra in Sco
Muneendra great sage possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
Muni sage possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
Nadyantaka End of the river (from Arabic) γ Phe (Shylaja+ (2016))
Nakrapuchha tail of the crocodile possibly Indian Indigenous: sig Aqr
Nirtibha Mula
Nrihasta man's hand from Arabic: tet Aur
Nripada foot of a man from Arabic: bet Cen
Nṛpārśva Nrparsva, Nruparshva Side of a person/ part of the face of a man (from Arabic) α Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
Nuramsa man's shoulder from Arabic: bet Aur
Paitra Magha
Phanibha Ashlesha
Pīṭhamūla Pithhamula, Peethamulam Base of the seat or chair γ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
Pourshna Revati
Pragbhadra Purva Bhadrapada
Prajapathi possibly Indian Indigenous: d Aur
7 पुनर्वसु (dual) Punarvasu (पुनर्वसु) Punarvasu "the twinrestorers of goods",

yamakau "the two chariots"?

Nakshatra in Gem
Purato Muneendra next sage possibly Indian Indigenous: gam UMa
20 पूर्व आषाढा Purvaṣādha Purva Ashadha "first of the invincible" Nakshatra in Sgr
25 पूर्व भाद्रपदा/

पूर्व प्रोष्ठपदा

Purvābhādra Purva Bhadrapada "the first of the blessed feet"? Nakshatra in Peg
11 पूर्व फाल्गुनी Pūrva Phalgunī Purva Phalguni "first reddish one"? Nakshatra in Leo
8 पुष्य Puṣya (पुष्य) Pushya "the nourisher" Nakshatra in Cnc
Ravibha Hasta (हस्त)
27 रेवती Revati (रेवती) Revati "prosperous"? Nakshatra in Psc
4 रोहिणी Rohiṇī (रोहिणी) Rohini "the red one" Nakshatra (Hyades)
Roudra Ardra (आर्द्रा)
Śakra Jyeṣṭha (ज्येष्ठा)
Samudra pakshi from Arabic: i Cet
Sarpa Ashlesha (आश्लेषः)
Sarpa shirsha head of serpent from Arabic: alf Ser
Sarpayukta one with serpent possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ara
Sauroktarudra Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ori
Shakthibha possibly Indian Indigenous: eta Boo
24 शतभिष/

शततारका

Śatabhiṣa Shatabhisha/

Satabhisa

a hundred physicians" Nakshatra in Aqr
Shishumaara dolphin or fish possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
Shivabha Ardra (आर्द्रा)
22 श्रवण Śravana Shravana Listening Nakshatra in Aquila
Sidhya Puṣya (पुष्य)
Simha PrishTha backside of lion from Arabic: del Leo
Simhaguhyam male organ of lion from Arabic: iot Leo
Simhasaka part of lion from Arabic: gam Leo
Skanda (6 headed karitikeya) possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Aur
Somya Mṛgaśira (मृगशिर)
Śraviṣṭhā Shravishtha Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा)
Śṛti Shirti Śravana (श्रवण)
Supīṭha Supithha, Supeetha Auspicious seat / chair δ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
15 स्वाति Svati (स्वाति) Svati "Su-Ati - Goodness Nakshatra in Bootes
Tatpurato Muneendra the sage after that possibly Indian Indigenous: eps UMa
Tiṣya Tishya Pushya
Torana decorative motif on the main door possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ser
Toya Purva Ashadha
Trivikrama Trivikrama three steps /one who put three steps possibly Indian Indigenous: ξν, μλ, ικ UMa
Tulaikasikha First star of Tula (Libra) an asterism in Libra, perhaps Viśākhā (विशाखा) (Shylaja+ (2016))
Tulanyasikha Another star of Tula an asterism in Libra (Shylaja+ (2016))
Turagānga Turaganga
Turanga from Arabic: nu Cet
Turangaasa Body part of horse (from Arabic) (Shylaja+ (2016))
Tvarshtra Citrā (चित्रा)
Upāntya Uttara Bhadrapada
Urdhva Paschimaga the one above and to the west possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
21 उत्तर आषाढा Uttara Āṣāḍhā Uttara Ashadha "Latter invincible" Nakshatra in Sgr
26 उत्तर भाद्रपदा/

उत्तर प्रोष्ठपदा

Uttara Bhādrapada Uttara Bhadrapada

(U. Bhadra)

"the second of the blessed feet"? Nakshatra in Peg+And
12 उत्तर फाल्गुनी Uttara Phalgunī Uttara Phalguni "second reddish one"? Nakshatra in Leo
Vaisnava Śravana (श्रवण)
Vaiśvadeva Uttara Ashadha
Vajibahu from Arabic: tet Cet
Varunarksha Satabhisa
Vāsava Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा)
VasishTha possibly Indian Indigenous: zet UMa
Vasubha Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा)
Vatsa calf of a cow possibly Indian Indigenous: bet Tau
Vayasa from Arabic: bet Cyg
Vidibha Abhijit (अभिजित)
Viśākhā Viśākhā (विशाखा)
16 विशाखा Viśākhā (विशाखा) Vishakha "forked, having many branches" Nakshatra in Libra
Yama May be same as Nadyantaka, South α Eri (Shylaja+ (2016))
Yamyavasu, Lubdhaka Bandhu southern vasu possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMi
Yugala possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
Yugasamkaravya possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Ori
युग्म Yugma (युग्म) "double" for the middle steps in Trivikrama possibly Indian Indigenous: lam, mu UMa
युग्म Yugma (युग्म) possibly Indian Indigenous: gam+bet Dra
युग्मक Yugmaka (युग्मक) possibly Indian Indigenous: iot+kap UMa

References

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